Plural of nouns by Darija Radovanović (London Calling)

Transcription

1 Plural of nouns countable and uncountable nouns by (London Calling) regular and irregular plural of nouns

2 Countable nouns nouns that you can count. If they are in singular you can put a/an where it is necessary. examples of countable nouns: cup flower piece brush COUNTABLE NOUNS burger sandwich plate mug

3 Uncountable nouns nouns that you cannot count. You don t put a/an before them. To make them countable, you can add a phrase before a noun: - a bar of chocolate, a jar of marmalade, a piece of information. Note: Abstract nouns and nouns seen as a mass are usually uncountable. examples of uncountable nouns: happiness steel loneliness coffee UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS joy water rice marmalade

4 Note: There are several types of irregular plurals: elk-elk sheep sheep fish-fish moose-moose bison-bison deer-deer Same in the singular and plural wife-wives knife-knives life-lives fe half-halves loaf-loaves wolf-wolves calf-calves leaf-leaves shelf-shelves thief-thieves self-selves sheaf-sheaves elf-elves f No rules man-men woman-women child-children tooth-teeth foot-feet goose-geese Irregular Plural of s potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes o studio-studios scenario-scenarios on phenomenon-phenomena criterion-criteria thesis-theses ellispis-ellipses analysis-analyses is us cactus-cacti focus-foci alumnus-alumni bacillus-bacilli stimulus-stimuli

5 Add your own examples of regular plural of nouns: Regular plural of nouns: Add your own examples of regular plural of nouns: Regular Plural of s Note: If the singular noun ends in -s,-ss, -sh, -ch, -x, or -z, add -es to the end to make it plural. Add -S a noun to Add -ES a noun to boy-boys toy-toys brother-brothers plate-plates lipstick-lipsticks brush-brushes box-boxes lunch-lunches tax-taxes

6 Note: Some nouns ending in Y add S in plural and some change Y into I and add ES : trays, plays but: ladies, buddies buzz- buzzes- you just add -es but: quiz- quizzes you double -z and then add -es potato, tomato, hero, cargo + -es but: studio, rodeo, piano + -s when a noun ends in s, sh, ch, x, or z, you add -es: glasses, dishes, churches, boxes, brushes Two glasses of orange juice. There are 13 nouns that end in fe or f that change f into v and add es: 1. *self-selves 2. *leaf-leaves 3. *wolf-wolves 4. *calf-calves 5. *sheaf-sheaves 6. *elf-ealves 7. *life-lives 8. *thief-thieves 9. *loaf-loaves 10. *knife-knives 11. *wife-wives 12. *half-halves 13. *shelf-shelves Some nouns have the same form in singular and plural: *deer *sheep *fish *moose *bison Some nouns only appear in plural: *scissors *spectacles *trousers *shorts *compasses *scales *(eye) glasses *clothes *thanks (you would not give someone a single thank but say Many thanks instead)

7 Note: Some nouns ending in Y add S in plural and some change Y into I and add ES : trays, plays but: ladies, buddies buzz- buzzes- you just add -es but: quiz- quizzes you double -z and then add -es potato, tomato, hero, cargo + -es but: studio, rodeo, piano + -s when a noun ends in s, sh, ch, x, or z, you add -es: glasses, dishes, churches, boxes, brushes Two glasses of orange juice. There are 13 nouns that end in fe or f that change f into v and add es: 1. *self-selves 2. *leaf-leaves 3. *wolf-wolves 4. *calf-calves 5. *sheaf-sheaves 6. *elf-ealves 7. *life-lives 8. *thief-thieves 9. *loaf-loaves 10. *knife-knives 11. *wife-wives 12. *half-halves 13. *shelf-shelves Some nouns have the same form in singular and plural: *deer *sheep *fish *moose *bison Some nouns only appear in plural: *scissors *spectacles *trousers *shorts *compasses *scales *(eye) glasses *clothes *thanks (you would not give someone a single thank but say Many thanks instead)

8 Exercises: Add S or ES to the following nouns in singular: Put the following nouns in plural: Put the following nouns in plural: -S or IES? boxbusstorebrushpencilflowerplatedishbuzzlunchfriendbookcuphousespoon eyequizringfingernote- mousemanwomanpostmanchildlifestudioherobeliefgoosefootdwarfshelfpianotooththiefoxchiefphotowife- countryspy storycityreplydayplaytrayboytoyholidayladynannystorybodymemorydonkeyjourneyfactorysky-

9 Exercises: Add S or ES to the following nouns in singular: Put the following nouns in plural: KEY: Put the following nouns in plural: -S or IES? box-boxes bus-buses store-stores brush-bushes pencil-pencils flower-flowers plate-plates dish-dishes buzz-buzzes lunch-lunches friend-friends book-books cup-cups house-houses spoon-spoons eye-eyes quiz-quizzes ring-rings finger-fingers note-notes mouse-mice man-men woman-women postman-postmen child-children life-lives studio-studios hero-heroes belief-beliefs goose-geese foot-feet dwarf-dwarfs shelf-shelves piano-pianos tooth-teeth thief-thieves ox-oxen chief-chiefs photo-photos wife-wives country-countries spy-spies story-stories city-cities reply-replies day-days play-plays tray-trays boy-boys toy-toys holiday-holidays lady-ladies nanny-nannies story-stories body-bodies memory-memories donkey-donkeys journey-journeys factory-factories sky-skies

10 Countable nouns nouns that you can count and where if they are in singular you can put a/an where it is necessary. examples of uncountable nouns: cup flower piece brush COUNTABLE NOUNS burger sandwich plate mug

11 Uncountable nouns nouns that you cannot count. You don t put a/an before them. To make them countable, you can add a phrase before a noun: - a bar of chocolate, a jar of marmalade, a piece of information. Note: Abstract nouns and nouns seen as a mass are usually uncountable. examples of uncountable nouns: happiness steel loneliness coffee UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS joy water rice marmelade

12 Pluralia tantum: nouns that appear only in the plural. s that represent objects that we usually find in pairs or sets. Examples are listed below in the chart: examples of pluralia tantum: scissors pyjamas clothes shorts Pluralia Tantum -nouns always in plural form jeans pants binoculars tights

13 Singularia tantum: nouns that appear only in the plural. s that represent objects that we usually find in pairs or sets. Examples are listed below in the chart: examples of pluralia tantum: scissors pyjamas clothes shorts Singularia Tantum -nouns always in singular form jeans pants binoculars tights

14 Pluralia tantum: nouns that appear only in the plural. s that represent objects that we usually find in pairs or sets. Examples are listed below in the chart: examples of the nouns with different meanings in the singular and the plural Air- Airs- Custom- Customs- Wood- Woods- Same noundifferent meanings Good- Goods- Manner- Manners- Force- Forces- Spectacle- Spectacles-

15 Note: There are several types of irregular plurals: elk-elk sheep sheep fish-fish moose-moose bison-bison deer-deer Same in the singular and plural wife-wives knife-knives life-lives fe half-halves loaf-loaves wolf-wolves calf-calves leaf-leaves shelf-shelves thief-thieves self-selves sheaf-sheaves elf-elves f No rules man-men woman-women child-children tooth-teeth foot-feet goose-geese Irregular Plural of s potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes o studio-studios scenario-scenarios on phenomenon-phenomena criterion-criteria thesis-theses ellispis-ellipses analysis-analyses is us cactus-cacti focus-foci alumnus-alumni bacillus-bacilli Stimulus-stimuli

16 Add your own examples of regular plural of nouns: Regular plural of nouns: Add your own examples of regular plural of nouns: Regular Plural of s Note: If the singular noun ends in -s,-ss, -sh, -ch, -x, or -z, add -es to the end to make it plural. Add -S a noun to Add -ES a noun to boy-boys toy-toys brother-brothers plate-plates lipstick-lipsticks brush-brushes box-boxes lunch-lunches tax-taxes

17 Note: Some nouns ending in Y add S in plural and some change Y into I and add ES : trays, plays but: ladies, buddies buzz- buzzes- you just add -es but: quiz- quizzes you double -z and then add -es potato, tomato, hero, cargo + -es but: studio, rodeo, piano + -s when a noun ends in s, sh, ch, x, or z, you add -es: glasses, dishes, churches, boxes, brushes Two glasses of orange juice. There are 13 nouns that end in fe or f that change f into v and add es: 1. *self-selves 2. *leaf-leaves 3. *wolf-wolves 4. *calf-calves 5. *sheaf-sheaves 6. *elf-ealves 7. *life-lives 8. *thief-thieves 9. *loaf-loaves 10. *knife-knives 11. *wife-wives 12. *half-halves 13. *shelf-shelves Some nouns have the same form in singular and plural: *deer *sheep *fish *moose *bison Some nouns only appear in plural: *scissors *spectacles *trousers *shorts *compasses *scales *(eye) glasses *clothes *thanks (you would not give someone a single thank but say Many thanks instead)

18 Exercises: Add S or ES to the following nouns in singular: Put the following nouns in plural: Put the following nouns in plural: -S or IES? boxbusstorebrushpencilflowerplatedishbuzzlunchfriendbookcuphousespoon eyequizringfingernote- mousemanwomanpostmanchildlifestudioherobeliefgoosefootdwarfshelfpianotooththiefoxchiefphotowife- countryspy storycityreplydayplaytrayboytoyholidayladynannystorybodymemorydonkeyjourneyfactorysky-

19 Exercises: Add S or ES to the following nouns in singular: Put the following nouns in plural: KEY: Put the following nouns in plural: -S or IES? box-boxes bus-buses store-stores brush-bushes pencil-pencils flower-flowers plate-plates dish-dishes buzz-buzzes lunch-lunches friend-friends book-books cup-cups house-houses spoon-spoons eye-eyes quiz-quizzes ring-rings finger-fingers note-notes mouse-mice man-men woman-women postman-postmen child-children life-lives studio-studios hero-heroes belief-beliefs goose-geese foot-feet dwarf-dwarfs shelf-shelves piano-pianos tooth-teeth thief-thieves ox-oxen chief-chiefs photo-photos wife-wives country-countries spy-spies story-stories city-cities reply-replies day-days play-plays tray-trays boy-boys toy-toys holiday-holidays lady-ladies nanny-nannies story-stories body-bodies memory-memories donkey-donkeys journey-journeys factory-factories sky-skies

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