An Introduction to Phonetics
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1 An Introduction to Phonetics Prof. Miguel A. Arce Ramos English 115 Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico!
2 For all data on this course! Please go to:
3 How do you teach a kid how to read in English?!
4 Kindergarten Second Grade English! Basic Sound Patterns Short a = Consonant + Vowel + Consonant, CVCC, VCC = Ahh sound like when a dentist tells you to open your mouth cat back bag and at
5 Kindergarten Second Grade English! Basic Sound Patterns Long a = CVCV, CVVC = ey sound cake rain paint state
6 Kindergarten Second Grade English! Basic Sound Patterns Short e =CVC, CVCC, VCC = This has an ehh sound pet bed best end
7 Kindergarten Second Grade English! Basic Sound Patterns Long /e/ = CVVC, VVCC = This has an / i/ sound feet achieve each eagle
8 Kindergarten Second Grade English! Basic Sound Patterns Short /i/ = CVC, CVCC = This has a ihh sound fist kid sick mitt
9 Kindergarten Second Grade English! Basic Sound Patterns Long /i/ - VCV, CVgh, Cie, y at the end shy ice light tie
10 Kindergarten Second Grade English! Basic Sound Patterns Short /o/ - CVC, CVCC, VCC = It has a Spanish a sound (ahh) Bob block blog stop hot
11 Kindergarten Second Grade English! Basic Sound Patterns Long /o/ - CVCV, COE = ou sound bogus rope rose toe road
12 Kindergarten Second Grade English! Basic Sound Patterns Long /u/ = CVVC, CVCV = This has an an uuu sound glue flu root soup astute
13 Phonetics!
14 What are phonetics?! Phonetics = is a branch of linguistics that comprises the study of the sounds of human speech. Phonology = The sound system of a language.
15 The Speech Mechanism!
16 Spelling System! The English spelling system can be extremely difficult to learn. There are more sounds than letters. Twenty-six (26) letters exist in the alphabet There are over forty (40)sounds.
17 Spelling System! There are letters that are the same but have different sounds. hat aim all art orange see sure Asia above
18 Spelling System! You can have the same sound but different letters. baby they steak veil rain may fell stuff photo tough!
19 Spelling System! Letters representing no sound. right design island hour bomb wrong
20 Alphabet! Consonants Vowels
21 Alphabet! Consonant = a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract. Vowel = is a sound in spoken language, pronounced with an open vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis.
22 Consonants!
23 Consonants! When making consonant sounds we have to take into consideration three factors: How sound is produced? Place of Articulation Manner of Articulation
24 Consonants! In phonetics, we have two ways of pronouncing consonants. Voiced = there is vibration of the vocal chords when pronouncing these sounds. Voiceless = there is NO vibration of the vocal chords when pronouncing these sounds.
25 Consonants! 3. Manner of Articulation! stop! 2. Place of Articulation! bilabial! labiodental! interdental! alveolar! palatal! velar! glottal! p b! t d! k g! h! fricative! affricate!! f v! Ɵ ð! s z! ʃ ʒ!! ʧ ʤ!! nasal! m! n! ŋ! Liquid! lateral! l! retroflex! r! glide! w! y!
26 Manner of Articulation! Manner of Articulation = In linguistics, how the speech organs of lips, tongue, and vocal cords must be arranged in order to produce a particular sound. For example, Nasal Stop Fricative
27 Manner of Articulation! Stop = that you make by stopping the flow of air completely and then suddenly letting it out of your mouth. Fricative = produced by the forcing of breath through a constricted passage. Affricate = A complex speech sound consisting of a stop consonant followed by a fricative; for example, the initial sounds of child and joy.
28 Manner of Articulation! Nasal = Articulated by lowering the soft palate so that air resonates in the nasal cavities and passes out the nose. Liquid = A consonant articulated without friction and capable of being prolonged like a vowel. Glide = The transitional sound produced by passing from the articulatory position of one speech sound to that of another.
29 Manner of Articulation! Nasal = Articulated by lowering the soft palate so that air resonates in the nasal cavities and passes out the nose. Liquid = A consonant articulated without friction and capable of being prolonged like a vowel. Glide = The transitional sound produced by passing from the articulatory position of one speech sound to that of another.
30 Place of Articulation! Bilabial = is a consonant that is articulated using both lips. Example, [p] = peanut = voiceless bilabial stop [b] = butter = voiced bilabial stop [m] = man = voiced bilabial nasal [w] = woman = voiced bilabial glide
31 Place of Articulation! Labiodental = a consonant whose articulation involves the lips and teeth. Example, [f] = fear = voiceless labiodental fricative [v] = vinegar = voiced labiodental fricative
32 Place of Articulation! Interdental = Pertaining to the space between the teeth; Pronounced with the tongue between the top and bottom teeth. For example, [Ɵ] = thin = voiceless interdental fricative [ð] = the = voiced interdental fricative
33 Place of Articulation! Alveolar = a consonant articulated with the tip of the tongue near the gum ridge. For example, [t] = touch = voiceless alveolar stop [d] = down = voiced alveolar stop [s] = sick = voiceless alveolar fricative [z] = zoo = voiced alveolar fricative [n] = no = voiced alveolar nasal [l] = lamb = voiced alveolar lateral
34 Place of Articulation! Palatal = consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth). For example, [ʃ] = sheet = voiceless palatal fricative [ʒ] = measure = voiced palatal fricative [ʧ] = chair = voiceless palatal affricate [ʤ] = jail = voiced palatal affricate
35 Place of Articulation! Velar = Articulated with the back of the tongue touching or near the soft palate. For example, [k] = king = voiceless velar stop [g] = gang = voiced velar stop [ŋ] = ring = voiced velar nasal
36 Place of Articulation! Glottal = articulated or pronounced at or with the glottis For example, [h] = hair = voiceless glottal stop
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