Treebank mining with GrETEL. Liesbeth Augustinus Frank Van Eynde
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1 Treebank mining with GrETEL Liesbeth Augustinus Frank Van Eynde GrETEL tutorial - 27 March, 2015
2 GrETEL Greedy Extraction of Trees for Empirical Linguistics Search engine for treebanks
3 GrETEL Greedy Extraction of Trees for Empirical Linguistics Search engine for treebanks Treebank = syntactically annotated corpus o o o Penn Treebank (English) TüBa (German) LASSY, CGN, SoNaR (Dutch)
4 NEDERBOOMS Exploitation of Dutch treebanks for research in linguistics CLARIN project October, 2010 February, 2012 Goals: o User-friendly tools o Fast and accurate Result: o GrETEL 1.0 o
5 Update of GrETEL 1.0 CLARIN project June, 2013 July, 2014 GrETEL 2.0 Goals: o Improve GUI o Make more data accessible Result: o GrETEL 2.0 o
6 TREEBANKS CGN treebank Spoken Dutch LASSY small Written Dutch Stylistic & regional differences conversations vs read texts NL vs VL Stylistic differences Wikipedia vs legal texts ± 1M words ± 1M words 130k sentences Manually corrected 65k sentences Manually corrected
7 TREEBANKS SoNaR Written Dutch Stylistic differences Wikipedia vs legal texts ± 500M words 41M sentences Not corrected
8 GrETEL Greedy Extraction of Trees for Empirical Linguistics Search engine for treebanks Treebank = syntactically annotated corpus o o o Penn Treebank (English) TüBa (German) LASSY, CGN, SoNaR (Dutch) Parser o E.g. Alpino (Van Noord 2006)
9 ALPINO PARSER Dit is een zin. >> ALPINO parser >> This is a sentence.
10 ALPINO PARSER Dit is een zin. >> ALPINO parser >> This is a sentence. XML trees Query language: XPath
11 XPATH and and and and and
12 XPATH and and and and and
13 XPATH and and and and and
14 XPATH
15 GrETEL 2 search modes: o Example-based search o XPath search
16 GrETEL 2 search modes: o Example-based search advantage: no or limited knowledge of data structure and/or formal query languages needed o XPath search
17 the user 1. Example sentence 2. Inspect parse 3. Indicate relevant items of the sentence 4. Select treebank 5. (Adapt XPath) 6. Inspect results GrETEL Parser (Alpino) Automatically generate XPath expression Present results
18 OUTLINE GrETEL in a nutshell GrETEL demo o o Case study Search options Conclusions
19 CASE STUDY Infinitivus Pro Participio (IPP) constructions in Dutch Hij heeft Marie horen zingen. He has heard Mary sing. dat Jan niet is kunnen komen. that Jan was not able to come.
20 CASE STUDY Infinitivus Pro Participio (IPP) constructions in Dutch Hij heeft Marie horen/*gehoord zingen. He has heard Mary sing. dat Jan niet is kunnen/*gekund komen. that Jan was not able to come.
21 GrETEL ONLINE
22 INPUT
23 INPUT PARSE
24 SELECTION MATRIX
25 SELECTION GUIDELINES
26 TREEBANK SELECTION
27 TREEBANK SELECTION
28 QUERY OVERVIEW
29 IPP constructions in CGN RESULTS Hij heeft Marie horen zingen. He has heard Mary sing. 344 hits
30 RESULTS
31 RESULTS: table
32 RESULTS: data
33 greedy search RESULTS: data
34 RESULTATEN: trees
35 IPP constructions in CGN RESULTS Hij heeft Marie horen zingen. He has heard Mary sing. 344 hits dat Jan niet is kunnen komen. that Jan was not able to come. 24 hits
36 MORE RESULTS Option 1: Use different queries Hij heeft Marie horen zingen. He has heard Mary sing. 344 hits dat hij Marie heeft horen zingen. that he has heard Mary sing. 79 hits dat Jan niet is kunnen komen. that Jan was not able to come. 24 hits Jan is niet kunnen komen. Jan was not able to come. 120 hits TOTAL: 567 hits
37 MORE RESULTS Option 2: Adapt query (via XPath Search ) //node[@cat="smain" and node[@rel="hd" and node[@rel="vc" and node[@rel="hd" and node[@rel="vc" and node[@rel="hd" //node[(@cat="smain" and node[@rel="hd" and (@lemma="hebben" and node[@rel="vc" and node[@rel="hd" and node[@rel="vc" and node[@rel="hd"
38 MORE RESULTS
39 MORE RESULTS Option 2: Adapt query (via XPath Search )
40 MORE RESULTS Option 2: Adapt query (via XPath Search ) //node[@cat="smain" and node[@rel="hd" and node[@rel="vc" and node[@rel="hd" and node[@rel="vc" and node[@rel="hd" //node[(@cat="smain" and node[@rel="hd" and (@lemma="hebben" and node[@rel="vc" and node[@rel="hd" and node[@rel="vc" and node[@rel="hd" 566 hits (one sentence matches twice: fva )
41
42 OUTLINE GrETEL in a nutshell GrETEL demo o o Case study Search options Conclusions
43 ADVANCED SEARCH
44 ADVANCED SEARCH
45 ADVANCED SEARCH
46 ADVANCED SEARCH
47 SEARCH OPTIONS Below annotation matrix
48 WORD ORDER PP-over-V o V + PP o dat hij opstond met een kater.... that he woke up with a hangover. o o PP + V dat hij met een kater opstond. that he with a hangover woke-up... that he woke up with a hangover.
49 PP-over-V in LASSY small o o o V + PP WORD ORDER dat hij opstond met een kater.... that he woke up with a hangover. 2,890 hits in 2,764 sentences But: results include PP + V as well!
50 PP-over-V in LASSY small o o WORD ORDER V + PP + word order option dat hij opstond met een kater.... that he woke up with a hangover. 787 hits in 775 sentences Results only include V + PP
51 IGNORE TOP NODE
52 CONTEXT
53 CONTEXT
54 OUTLINE GrETEL in a nutshell GrETEL demo o o Case study Search options Conclusions
55 CONCLUSIONS GrETEL: search engine for Dutch treebanks Input = natural language example Output = sample of similar sentences Syntactic concordancer Available online (via Mozilla Firefox) No installation required
56 Try it yourself! Thanks for your attention!
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