Public/Private Classification Dilemmas and Solutions. Bobby Cox, Commissioner Indiana High School Athletic Association, Inc.

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1 Public/Private Classification Dilemmas and Solutions Bobby Cox, Commissioner Indiana High School Athletic Association, Inc.

2 Identify Your Dilemma(s) What are the issues in your state? Private schools winning too many championships? What is too many? Is this creating unrest within your stakeholder groups superintendents, principals, athletic administrators, coach associations? Legislature? Claims of unfair competitions between schools. Creates an unhealthy environment where the values of education based athletics struggle to emerge. Private schools recruit where the public schools have to use students living in their districts. Question How do public schools that embrace open enrollment policies respond to this theory?

3 Identify Your Dilemma(s) (cont.) Students in private schools participate in interscholastic athletics at a higher percentage than their public school counterparts. Simple classifications by enrollments do not address this inequity. Schools returning to the state championships consecutively over numerous years may diminish interest and subsequently reduce attendance at your championships. So..

4 Solutions?? Multipliers Applied to Private School Enrollments What factor do you use? (1.5; 1.65, 2.0, etc.) How far do you want to move the private school up into larger school enrollment classifications? Reverse Multipliers Apply a reverse multiplier to public schools with a predetermined percentage of students designated as disadvantaged. (e.g. School enrollment = 1000; School meets pre-determined threshold; Student enrollment multiplied by.75; School classified with an enrollment of 750)

5 Solutions?? Separate Divisions for Public and Private Schools Is it worth the fight? Reclassification of Schools Due to Previous Tournament Success Addresses the real issue.the schools that continually and consecutively win these tournaments.

6 Indiana s Tournament Success Factor In team sports, all member schools shall be subject to reclassification at the conclusion of a reclassification period on a sport-by-sport basis dependent on the school s tournament series success during the previous reclassification period. A school shall earn the assigned point values for the final level of the tournament series the school achieves during the previous reclassification period as follows: (1.) Sectional championship 1 point (2.) Regional championship 2 points (3.) Semi-State championship 3 points (4.) State championship 4 points If a school in any enrollment class achieves a tournament series success point value of six (6) points or greater in a specific sport during the previous reclassification period, such school shall move up to the next available larger enrollment class for the next reclassification period. A change in a school s enrollment which would otherwise result in a change of the school s enrollment classes shall not apply to a school which changes classes under this section, unless the enrollment change would result in the school being placed in a enrollment class larger than the enrollment class dictated by this section, and in that circumstance, the school shall be placed in the enrollment class determined by the school s enrollment for the next reclassification period.

7 Indiana s Tournament Success Factor (cont.) If a school which has participated in a larger enrollment class during the previous reclassification period achieves a tournament series success point value of Four (4) or Five (5) points in a specific sport, such school shall remain in the same enrollment class in that sport for the next reclassification period. The foregoing notwithstanding, if there is a change in the school s enrollment which would result in the school being placed in a larger enrollment class than the enrollment class dictated by this section, then in that circumstance the school shall be placed in the enrollment class determined by the school s enrollment for the next reclassification period. If a school which has participated in a larger enrollment class during the previous reclassification period achieves a tournament series success point value of Three (3) points or less in a specific sport, such school shall be placed in the enrollment class dictated by the school s enrollment for the next reclassification period. f. When setting the number of schools in a particular class, Rule 2-2 of the IHSAA bylaws shall be implemented. Should a school be placed in a class of schools with larger enrollments due to their success, the school with the smallest enrollment in the class shall be moved to the next classification down containing schools with smaller enrollments. Note: Class 6A and Class 5A in football shall always contain 32 schools.

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9 Schools Moved Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Mishawaka Marian 2A Lost in Sectional 0 Lost in Sectional 0 0 Providence 2A Lost in Sectional 0 Sectional Champions 1 1 Mishawaka Marian and Providence shall return to Class 1A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Schools Moving Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points West Lafayette 1A State Champions 4 Regional Champions 2 6 Schools Moved Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Fort Wayne Canterbury 2A Regional Champions 2 Sectional Champions 1 3 Fort Wayne Canterbury shall return to Class 1A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Schools Moving Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Guerin Catholic 1A State Champions 4 State Champions 4 8

10 Schools Moved Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Indianapolis Bishop Chatard 4A Regional Champions 2 Lost in Sectional 0 2 Yorktown 4A Lost in Sectional 0 Sectional Champions 1 1 Wapahani 3A Lost in Sectional 0 Lost in Sectional 0 0 Indpls. Bishop Chatard and Yorktown shall return to Class 3A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Wapahani shall return to Class 2A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Schools Moving Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Fort Wayne Concordia Lutheran3A Semi State Champions 3 State Champions 4 7 Brebeuf Jesuit 3A State Champions 4 Regional Champions 2 6 Providence 2A State Champions 4 State Champions 4 8 Barr-Reeve 1A State Champions 4 Regional Champions 2 6 Wes-Del 1A Regional Champions 2 State Champions 4 6

11 Schools Moved Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Indianapolis Cathedral 5A State Champions 4 State Champions 4 8 Indianapolis Bishop Chatard 4A Sectional Champions 1 Lost in Sectional 0 1 Fort Wayne Bishop Luers 3A Lost in Sectional 0 Regional Champions 2 2 Indianapolis Scecina Memorial 2A Sectional Champions 1 Lost in Sectional 0 1 Lafayette Central Catholic 2A Lost in Sectional 0 Regional Champions 2 2 Indianapolis Bishop Chatard shall return to Class 3A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Fort Wayne Bishop Luers shall return to Class 2A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Indianapolis Scecina Memorial shall return to Class 1A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Lafayette Central Catholic shall return to Class 1A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Schools Moving Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Indianapolis Cathedral 5A State Champions 4 State Champions 4 8 Columbus East 4A State Champions 4 Regional Champions 2 6 New Palestine 4A Regional Champions 2 State Champions 4 6 Andrean 3A State Champions 4 Semi State Champions 3 7 Rensselaer Central 2A Regional Champions 2 State Champions 4 6

12 Schools Moved Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Fort Wayne Canterbury 2A Semi State Champions 3 Semi State Champions 3 6 Evansville Mater Dei 3A Semi State Champions 3 3 Evansville Mater Dei shall return to Class 2A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Schools Moving Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Heritage Christian 2A State Champions 4 State Champions 4 8 Fort Wayne Canterbury 2A Semi State Champions 3 Semi State Champions 3 6 Lafayette Central Catholic 1A Regional Champions 2 State Champions 4 6 Oregon-Davis 1A State Champions 4 Regional Champions 2 6 Schools Moved Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Bowman Academy 3A Semi State Champions 3 3 Bowman Academy shall return to Class 2A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Schools Moving Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Guerin Catholic 3A Regional Champions 2 State Champions 4 6 Park Tudor 2A State Champions 4 State Champions 4 8 Barr-Reeve 1A Semi State Champions 3 State Champions 4 7 Marquette Catholic 1A State Champions 4 Semi State Champions 3 7

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14 Schools Moved Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Western 4A Lost in Sectional 0 Lost in Sectional 0 0 Northfield 3A Lost in Sectional 0 Lost in Sectional 0 0 Lafayette Central Catholic 2A Regional Champions 2 Semi State Champions 3 5 Western shall return to Class 3A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Northfield shall return to Class 2A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Lafayette Central Catholic shall remain in Class 2A contingent upon enrollment classification for and Schools Moving Up from and Due to Rule 2-5 School Class Success Totals Success Totals Total Points Andrean 3A State Champions 4 State Champions 4 8 Rockville 1A Semi State Champions 3 State Champions 4 7 Shakamak 1A State Champions 4 Semi State Champions 3 7

15 Number of First Time State Championship Team Appearances in Girls Soccer 4 out of 4 (Avon, Fishers, Gibson Southern, West Lafayette) Boys Soccer 3 out of 4 (Avon, Guerin Catholic, Providence) Volleyball 1 out of 8 (Hammond Bishop Noll) Football 3 out of 12 (Brebeuf Jesuit, Columbus East, Tri-Central) Girls Basketball 1 out of 8 (Western) Boys Basketball 1 out of 8 (Marquette Catholic) Softball 4 out of 8 (Bloomington South, Leo, North Miami, Southmont) Baseball 2 out of 8 (Noblesville, Rockville) Totals 19 out of 60 schools made first time appearances in a state championship contest. (31%)

16 Number of First Time State Championship Team Appearances in Girls Soccer 2 out of 4 (Evansville Mater Dei, Fort Wayne Canterbury) Boys Soccer 2 out of 4 (Brebeuf Jesuit, Tri-West Hendricks) Volleyball 2 out of 8 (Christian Academy of Indiana, Northview) Football 4 out of 12 (LaPorte, New Prairie, North Vermillion, Rensselaer Central) Girls Basketball 3 out of 8 (Barr-Reeve, Homestead, Tippecanoe Valley) Boys Basketball 3 out of 8 (Frankton, Griffith, Homestead) Softball 3 out of 8 (Boone Grove, Carroll (Flora), Hauser) Baseball 0 out of 8 Totals 19 out of 60 schools made first time appearances in a state championship contest. (31%)

17 Public vs. Private Reclassifications for & Thirteen private schools will move up to a higher enrollment classification Thirteen public schools will move up to a higher enrollment classification

18 Pros and Cons to a Success Factor Pros So far, it has created an increase in first time appearances at our state championships. State championship events over the past four years reflect a slight increase in attendance. Has created a new energy surrounding the tournaments. Dampens the conversation surrounding public vs. private competition to a certain extent. Cons The Success Factor is known in some circles as the Punishment Factor. Creates more diversity of classifications within a member school that creates some confusion. Creates a bit more difficulty when executing realignment.

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20 OHSAA Competitive Balance Plan (approved May 2014)

21 Current Method & Former Proposals

22 Current Method Enrollment data from Ohio Department of Education through system called Education Management Information System (EMIS). Classification and tournament representation calculated every other year boys enrollments in grades 9-11 used for boys sports; girls enrollments in grades 9-11 used for girls sports. Each tournament division shall have as equal number of teams as possible. Exception is Division I (large schools) football.

23 Former Proposals Two referendum issues to SEPARATE the tournaments between public and non-public schools brought before the membership by school administrators proposal defeated 83.9 percent to 16.1 percent proposal defeated 66.8 percent to 33.2 percent. A committee discussed competitive balance no recommendations since consensus could not be reached.

24 Competitive Balance Committee Formed

25 Competitive Balance Committee A group of northeast Ohio administrators were concerned that 43 percent of the state championships were being won by 16 percent of the membership. A 30-person committee was formed in 2010 to develop an equitable plan. Charge: develop and propose a plan that is reliable and can be clearly applied and fairly administered. Charge: attempt to identify what factors account for the disproportionate number of championships won by the nonpublic schools and determine if the playing field could be leveled in addressing any of these factors

26 Competitive Balance Committee Continued The Board and Committee: 1.) Recognized that any proposals would not address all issues. 2.) Believed that any new plan will create a better system than the current system. 3.) Majority opposed to separate tournaments. 4.) Initial proposals should be limited to team sports of football, soccer, volleyball, basketball, baseball and softball.

27 Recent Proposals

28 2011 Proposal Public and non-public schools were treated the same and passed through the same filter. After starting with enrollment numbers, three factors would be added or subtracted to those numbers to create an athletic count for each school. 1.) Lose enrollment: Socioeconomic Factor (free lunch count) 2.) Gain enrollment: School Boundary Factor (from where and how does school receive students; variable depending upon type of school) 3.) Gain enrollment: Tradition Factor (four years of success) Proposal failed 332 to 303 (52 percent to 48 percent), with 77.9 percent of the schools voting.

29 2012 Proposal Formula stayed the same as 2011 except Tradition Factor. Emphasis was on the long-term success of a program rather than punishing a school for having one great class leading it to success. The Socioeconomic Factor and School Boundary Factor did not change. OHSAA Board also addressed the concern of enrollment disparities in the sport of football. A seventh division added. Division I (large schools) is the top 10 percent of schools with the sport. Proposal failed 339 to 301 (53 percent to 47 percent), with 78.2 percent of the schools voting.

30 2013 Proposal Committee continued to work on formula. Simultaneously, administrators gathered signatures to place their own proposal before membership (separate tournaments). Proposal was withdrawn when committee developed new proposal. New proposal eliminated Socioeconomic Factor and Tradition Factor.

31 2013 Proposal Continued Because of notion that public and non-public schools are inequitable, committee closely examined what may be the root cause of any such inequity. Conclusion: besides enrollment numbers, the composition of a team s ROSTER ( from where did the players come? ) is a significant factor affecting competitive balance. New proposal required schools to submit rosters (grades 9-12) at a designated time early in the season.

32 2013 Proposal Continued Rosters would indicate: 1.) Public Schools/1 High School: how many students are from outside the school s district 2.) Public Schools/Multiple High Schools & Non-Public Schools: how many students are from outside the school s attendance zone Formula basics: 1.) Every student on a roster whose district of residence is outside of the district or attendance zone of the school he/she is attending will be multiplied by an out-of-district factor. 2.) Factor is sport specific. 3.) That number is added to the school s initial enrollment count. This proposal failed 327 to 308 (51.5 percent to 48.5 percent), with 81 percent of the schools voting.

33 Competitive Balance Committee s New Focus

34 2014 Focus Board and Committee believed 2013 plan was on the right track but some modifications were needed. Major change: non-public schools determine from what educational system each student came (and for public schools continue to determine where each student s parents reside). BASIC PRINCIPLE OF NEW PROPOSAL When a team s roster is comprised of a number of students whose parents do not reside within the school s district or attendance zone or the student did not come from the same system of education as that school, there may be modifications in how that team is placed in its tournament division.

35 2014 Focus This plan is fair because it all schools treated equally (although not the same). This proposal passed 411 to 323 (56 percent to 44 percent), with 90 percent of the schools voting.

36 Competitive Balance Plan Basics

37 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Starting point for placing schools into their respective tournament divisions: continues to be the Initial Enrollment Count. Next, schools will submit their Initial Roster Count through an on-line system. Includes all participants in grades 9 through 12 who are eligible or expected to be eligible during the season. Continue to focus strictly on team sports of football, soccer, volleyball (fall); basketball (winter), baseball and softball (spring).

38 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued Although submitted every year, information from the Initial Roster Count will be utilized the following school year. The two-week period for submitting the Initial Roster Count will begin after Week 1 of the regular season and end after Week school year deadlines example for Initial Roster Count submissions: Soccer and Volleyball Monday, Aug. 19, to Monday, Sept. 2 Football Monday, Sept. 2, to Monday, Sept. 16 Girls Basketball Monday, Nov. 25, to Monday, Dec. 9 Boys Basketball Monday, Dec. 2, to Monday, Dec. 16 Baseball and Softball Monday, Mar. 31, to Monday, Apr. 14.

39 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued Initial Roster Count may be updated after the sports season. 1.) Students can be added who became eligible and/or participated during the season that was just completed. 2.) Students can be deleted if they never became eligible to participate during the season that was just completed school year deadlines example for Initial Roster Count updates: Soccer, Volleyball and Football deadlines December 15 Girls Basketball and Boys Basketball deadlines April 1 Baseball and Softball deadlines June 15

40 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued Every participant on a team s Initial Roster Count will be assigned a Level 0, Level 1 or Level 2 Factor that will be assigned on a sport-by-sport basis. The Level 2 Factor shall be sport specific and called a Level 2 Sport Specific Factor.

41 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued The Factors for public schools are dependent upon WHERE THE STUDENT S PARENTS RESIDE or if the student was continuously enrolled in the district since 7 th grade. The Factors for non-public schools are dependent upon THE SCHOOL FROM WHICH THE STUDENT CAME (i.e. the feeder school) or if the student was continuously enrolled in the same system of education since 7 th grade.

42 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued The Level 0 Factor means each student on a particular team s roster meeting the criteria of the factor will be multiplied by 0 (so that number will always be 0). A Level 0 Factor for public schools the parents of the student reside within that school s district (single high schools) or attendance zone (multiple high schools). A Level 0 Factor for non-public schools the student attended a feeder school continuously since 7 th grade.

43 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued The Level 1 Factor means each student on a particular team s roster meeting the criteria of the factor will be multiplied by 1. A Level 1 Factor for public districts with single high schools the student s parents reside outside the school district but the student was continuously enrolled in the school district since 7 th grade.

44 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued A Level 1 Factor for public districts with multiple high schools the student s parents reside within the school district but do not reside within the school s attendance zone, OR the student s parents reside outside the school s attendance zone or the school district, but the student was continuously enrolled in the school district since 7 th grade. A Level 1 Factor for non-public schools the student attended the same system of education continuously since 7 th grade but did not attend a feeder school continuously since 7 th grade.

45 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued The Level 2 Sport Specific Factor means each student on a particular team s roster meeting the criteria of the factor will be multiplied by 2 for the sport of football, 5 for the sports of volleyball, basketball, baseball and softball and 6 for the sport of soccer. Note: These factors are different for some sports because of the different number of tournament divisions for the particular sports along with the varying number of participating schools within each sport. A Level 2 Sport Specific Factor for public districts with single high schools the student s parents reside outside the school district and the student was not continuously enrolled in the school district since 7 th grade.

46 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued A Level 2 Sport Specific Factor for public districts with multiple high schools the student s parents reside outside of the school s attendance zone and the school district and the student was not continuously enrolled in the school district since 7 th grade. A Level 2 Sport Specific Factor for non-public schools the student did not attend the same system of education continuously since 7 th grade (and therefore did not attend a feeder school continuously since 7 th grade).

47 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued After the Level 0, Level 1 and Level 2 Factors have been applied, the counts generated from the Level 0 Factor, Level 1 Factor and Level 2 Sport Specific Factor will be added together on a sport-by-sport basis to generate an Additional Roster Count. That number will then be added to the Initial Enrollment Count to create the Adjusted Enrollment Count. The Adjusted Enrollment Count will be used to determine the school s tournament division in that sport.

48 Competitive Balance Plan Basics Continued COMPETITIVE BALANCE FORMULA Initial Enrollment Count + Additional Roster Count (determined by multiplying each student on the Initial Roster Count by either the Level 0 Factor, Level 1 Factor or Level 2 Sport Specific Factor and adding them together) = Adjusted Enrollment Count (count used for tournament division placement)

49 Competitive Balance Formula Examples

50 Formula Examples Single High School Public District INITIAL ENROLLMENT COUNT INITIAL ROSTER COUNT SPORT FACTOR basketball ADDITIONAL ROSTER COUNT ADJUSTED ENROLLMENT COUNT (5)

51 Formula Examples Multiple High School Public District INITIAL ENROLLMENT COUNT INITIAL ROSTER COUNT SPORT FACTOR basketball ADDITIONAL ROSTER COUNT ADJUSTED ENROLLMENT COUNT (5)

52 INITIAL ENROLLMENT COUNT INITIAL ROSTER COUNT 25 Formula Examples Non-Public High School SPORT FACTOR basketball ADDITIONAL ROSTER COUNT ADJUSTED ENROLLMENT COUNT (5)

53 Additional Information Business Rules have been created or will be finalized. Among items addressed: Non-public schools must select an attendance zone for where their feeder school(s) will be located. Definition of same system of education. OHSAA to establish public school attendance zones if none exist. Procedures for handling transfer students. Division movement (schools can only move one division per year). Penalties for failure to submit roster(s). Penalties for failure to submit accurate roster(s).

54 Thank You For Your Participation!

55 2014 Competitive Balance Information OHSAA Competitive Balance Committee s Charge The member schools of the Ohio High School Athletic Association have expressed extreme interest in the Association developing a plan that will help OHSAA tournaments become more equitable for our participants. The goal of the OHSAA Competitive Balance Committee is to develop and propose such a plan that is not only reliable but also can be clearly applied and fairly administered for all member schools, with the ultimate objective being to promote competitive equity and ensuring that studentathletes will continue to learn life lessons in an education-based setting. OHSAA Competitive Balance Committee s Philosophy The vast majority of the individuals on the OHSAA Competitive Balance Committee are opposed to separate tournaments for public and non-public schools. But the very notion that there may be an inequity between these two types of schools (i.e. public vs. non-public schools) caused the Competitive Balance Committee to more closely examine what may be the root cause of any such inequity. Upon examination of this issue, the Competitive Balance Committee concluded that the composition of a team s roster in terms of from where did these players all come? was a significant factor in distorting competitive balance. Therefore, in addition to the size of a school s enrollment, the Competitive Balance Committee believes a key element in helping OHSAA tournaments potentially becoming more equitable for our participants is to look at the makeup of each school team s roster... in other words, where does each student s parents reside or from what educational system did each student come? Taking that a step further, when participating in OHSAA tournaments, schools want to look at their opponents and have the belief that they stand a reasonable chance of participating against that team. When a team s roster is comprised of a number of students whose parents do not reside within the school s district or attendance zone or the student did not come from the same system of education as that school, then there may be modifications in how that team is placed in its tournament division.

56 2014 Competitive Balance Information General Comments About the Plan and Competitive Balance 1. Surveys indicate the membership is interested in the OHSAA Board of Directors continuing to work to find answers to the competitive balance issue. While recognizing this proposal does not address all issues and concerns, the Board of Directors and OHSAA Competitive Balance Committee believe this plan will create a better system than we currently have because it is looking at a team s roster and applying modifying factors if a roster is comprised of a number of students whose parents do not reside within the school s district or attendance zone or the student did not come from the same system of education as that school. 2. The Board of Directors and OHSAA Competitive Balance Committee took last year s plan, listened to the issues raised in surveys, in person and through correspondence, and have attempted to address those concerns. Everything in this plan has been discussed in the past. 3. The Board of Directors and OHSAA Competitive Balance Committee are committed to continuing to study this issue and work on ways to improve the formula. To that end, this plan is a starting point, and any feedback and data collected during the initial rollout of this plan will only help strengthen what changes can take place in the future. 4. As much as the Board of Directors and Competitive Balance Committee are committed to working on this issue, any changes to the formula will continue to be voted upon by the membership. 5. The Board of Directors and Competitive Balance Committee acknowledge that there could be some situations in which students will be assigned factors that are too high or too low because of unknown circumstances. 6. The Board of Directors and Competitive Balance Committee realize this system will not account for students whose parents make a bona fide change of residence because the student wants to play for a certain program, certain coach or join his/her friends. 7. The Competitive Balance Committee is comprised of 27 administrators and a coach. There are three administrators from the OHSAA office and two executives from other state educational service organizations; 10 superintendents; four principals; six athletic administrators; one coach, and one former athletic administrator. 8. The Board of Directors and Competitive Balance Committee believe this plan is not anti-school choice and is not penalizing students. As already noted, this plan is fair because it makes all schools more comparable.

57 2014 Competitive Balance Information Competitive Balance Formula Changes from The system will use rosters that are submitted during a school year and will utilize that roster data for the next school year. Therefore, schools will know what division they have been assigned prior to the next school year. 2. Where the parents of non-public school students reside will not be significant. Instead, the factor impacting non-public school students will be the school that student attended in seventh and eighth grade. 3. To make the formula fairer for both public and non-public schools, a smaller, secondary factor has been added. For public schools, open enrollment students will have a minimal factor assigned to them. For non-public schools, students who did not attend a designated or assigned feeder school but demonstrated a commitment to the same system of education in seventh and eighth grade will have a minimal factor assigned to them. These figures will be known as Level 1 and will have a factor of A sport specific factor has been determined for the sport of soccer. While the figures for Level 2 will be 2 for the sport of football and 5 for the sports of volleyball, basketball, baseball and softball, soccer will have a factor of 6. These factors are different for some sports because of the different number of tournament divisions for the particular sports along with the varying number of participating schools within each sport. 5. Schools teams will be limited to moving up a maximum of one division each year, with the basis being what division the school would have been placed in based on its most recent EMIS numbers. 6. All schools will be subject to the competitive balance formula. There will not be the ability for a team to opt out of the formula even if it could demonstrate a certain lack of competitiveness. 7. An online method to post rosters or information about rosters has yet to be developed in order to ensure that a check and balance system is in place.

58 2014 Competitive Balance Information Competitive Balance Formula Basics 1. The starting point is the school s initial enrollment. This Initial Enrollment Count (EMIS numbers) for males and females as submitted to the Ohio Department of Education will continue to be the beginning points for placing schools into their respective tournament divisions. Enrollment numbers of males and females in grade 9 through 11 will continue to be collected from the ODE by the OHSAA every other year during an even numbered year. 2. Each school will annually submit to the OHSAA its Initial Roster Count through an on-line system in the team sports of football, soccer, volleyball, basketball, baseball and softball. This will include all students participating in that particular sport in grades 9 through 12. Although submitted every year, information from the Initial Roster Count will be utilized the following school year. 3. There will be a two-week period for submitting the Initial Roster Count. The Initial Roster Count that is submitted shall include all students who are eligible or expected to be eligible during the season. The submission period will begin after Week 1 of the regular season and end after Week 3. Using the school year as examples, the Initial Roster Count submission windows will be: Soccer and Volleyball Monday, August 19, to Monday, September 2; Football Monday, September 2, to Monday, September 16; Girls Basketball Monday, November 25, to Monday, December 9; Boys Basketball Monday, December 2, to Monday, December 16, and Baseball and Softball Monday, March 31, to Monday, April The Initial Roster Count may be updated after the sports season has been completed by following these deadlines: Soccer, Volleyball and Football December 15; Girls Basketball and Boys Basketball April 1, and Baseball and Softball June 15. At these times students can be added who became eligible and/or participated during the season that was just completed, or students can be deleted if they never became eligible to participate during the season that was just completed. More details on the Initial Roster Count will be provided later this spring when a Questions and Answers document is distributed. 5. Every participant on a team s Initial Roster Count will be assigned a Level 0, Level 1 or Level 2 Factor. The Level 2 Factor shall be sport specific (and shall be called a Level 2 Sport Specific Factor). The Factors for public schools are dependent upon where the student s parents reside or if the student has been continuously enrolled in the district since seventh grade. The Factors for non-public schools are dependent upon the school from which the student came (i.e. the feeder school or parish) or if the student has been continuously enrolled in the same system of education since seventh grade. The Factors will be applied on a sport-by-sport basis.

59 6. A Level 0 Factor for public schools means the parents of the student reside within that school s district (single high schools) or designated/assigned attendance zone (multiple high schools). A Level 0 Factor for non-public schools means the student attended a designated/assigned feeder school during 7th and 8th grade. Note: The Level 0 Factor means each student on a particular team s roster meeting the criteria of the factor will be multiplied by 0 (so that number will always be 0). 7. A Level 1 Factor for public districts with single high schools means the student s parents reside outside the school district but the student has been continuously enrolled in the school district since 7 th grade. A Level 1 Factor for public districts with multiple high schools means the student s parents reside within the school district but do not reside within the school s designated/assigned attendance zone, OR the student s parents reside outside the school s designated/assigned attendance zone or the school district, but the student has been continuously enrolled in the school district since 7 th grade. A Level 1 Factor for non-public schools means the student attended the same system of education continuously since 7 th grade but did not attend its designated/ assigned feeder school continuously since 7 th grade. Note: The Level 1 Factor means each student on a particular team s roster meeting the criteria of the factor will be multiplied by A Level 2 Sport Specific Factor for public districts with single high schools means the student s parents reside outside the school district and the student has not been continuously enrolled in the school district since 7 th grade. A Level 2 Sport Specific Factor for public districts with multiple high schools means the student s parents reside outside of the school s designated/assigned attendance zone and the school district and the student has not been continuously enrolled in the school district since 7 th grade. A Level 2 Sport Specific Factor for non-public schools means the student did not attend the same system of education continuously since 7 th grade (and therefore did not attend the designated/assigned feeder school continuously since 7 th grade). Note: The Level 2 Sport Specific Factor means each student on a particular team s roster meeting the criteria of the factor will be multiplied by 2 for the sport of football, 5 for the sports of volleyball, basketball, baseball and softball and 6 for the sport of soccer. 9. After the Level 0, Level 1 and Level 2 Factors have been applied, the counts generated from the Level 0 (which will always be zero) Factor, Level 1 Factor and Level 2 Sport Specific Factor will be added together on a sport-by-sport basis to generate an Additional Roster Count. That number will then be added to the Initial Enrollment Count (EMIS count) to create the Adjusted Enrollment Count, and that number will be used to determine the school s tournament division in that sport. 10. Should this plan be approved by OHSAA member school principals in the Spring 2014 Referendum Voting, the anticipated effective date for this plan is the fall of 2016, which will allow the piloting of the plan to take place during the school year. 11. For public high schools within a multiple high school district, the Commissioner s Office shall work with the district to establish an attendance zone should one not already exist. 12. Non-public schools will need to submit their designated public school attendance zone (the area where the designated, or chosen, feeder school is located) by the deadlines for Initial Roster Number submissions. Schools that fail to meet the deadline will be assigned the public school attendance zone in which the school is geographically located.

60 Note: Non-public schools feeder schools will be located in the attendance zone of a public school district. The attendance zones shall be designated, or chosen, by each non-public school, or they will assigned an attendance zone by the OHSAA. Non-public schools will be permitted to apply the Sport Factors to students who attend all feeder schools within that attendance zone, whether the attendance zone is designated or assigned. 13. A public school s current district and/or current or established attendance zone (multiple high school districts) and a non-public school s current assigned or designated attendance zone will stay constant for two years (and will not change on a sport-by-sport basis). 14. A non-public school, also referred to as a private school, is one that is a religious school (Catholic, Christian, Lutheran, Jewish, etc.) or independent school. 15. Students are considered to be from the same system of education as defined by the Ohio Department of Education (i.e. Catholic Conference of Ohio, Ohio Association of Independent Schools, Associate of Christian Schools International or other category as denoted). 16. On a sport-by-sport basis, schools will be limited to moving up a maximum of one division per year. This will begin by looking at the school s division assignment using strictly the EMIS number (Initial Enrollment Count) before comparing that number with the Adjusted Enrollment Count. 17. Schools that fail to submit their Initial Roster Count by the deadline (i.e. submit them late) will be subject to penalties and/or fines as determined by the Commissioner s Office. 18. Schools that fail to submit their Initial Roster Count at all, or have been found to falsify the school s roster numbers, will be ineligible for the OHSAA tournament in the sport(s) in which the violation has occurred and may be subject to additional penalties as determined by the Commissioner s Office. COMPETITIVE BALANCE FORMULA Initial Enrollment Count (from EMIS) + Additional Roster Count (determined by multiplying each student on the Initial Roster Count by either the Level 0 Factor, Level 1 Factor or Level 2 Sport Specific Factor and adding them together) = Adjusted Enrollment Count (count used for tournament division placement)

61 2014 Competitive Balance Information Questions the Board of Directors and Competitive Balance Committee Need to Address in the Future 1. Should the formula be adjusted to handle the continuous movement of students? 2. Should the formula be applied to individual sports? 3. Should a modification occur to impact the enrollment disparity in Division I? 4. Should the formula be applied to schools that do not demonstrate a level of competitiveness? 5. Is the inclusion of students in grade 9 through 12 on the Initial Roster Count appropriate and is this appropriate for all sports? 6. Are the Level 1 Factor and Level 2 Sport Specific Factors appropriate? 7. Is the formula impacting student participation opportunities (i.e. are schools limiting the number of students on their rosters in order to stay within a certain division)? 8. Is the online system to gather the Initial Roster Count working as anticipated? 9. Should a more stringent checks and balances system be implemented to ensure an accurate Initial Roster Count is being submitted? 10. Is the formula truly making an impact on competitive balance?