Intergroup Dialogue
Intergroup Dialogue Deliberative Democracy in School, College, Community, and Workplace Edited by David Schoem and Sylvia Hurtado Ann Arbor
Copyright by the University of Michigan 2001 All rights reserved Published in the United States of America by The University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America c Printed on acid-free paper 20 0 4 20 0 3 20 0 2 20 0 1 4 3 2 1 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Intergroup dialogue : deliberative democracy in school, college, community, and workplace / edited by David Schoem and Sylvia Hurtado. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-472-09782-2 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 0-472-06782-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Group relations training. 2. Intergroup relations. 3. Intergroup relations United States. I. Schoem, David Louis. II. Hurtado, Sylvia, 1957 HM1086.I55 2001 302'.14 dc21 2001001224
To All Those Working for Peace, Social Justice, and a Diverse Democracy
Acknowledgments We wish to thank all the authors for their intellectual contributions to this book and for their tireless efforts to advance the practice of intergroup dialogue and create a more just world. For many of our authors (and friends) this is part of a continuing history of collaboration in social justice work, and we look forward with great anticipation to strengthening and continuing our ties with many of our new colleagues whose work is represented in these pages. This idea for this book rst arose out of discussions of the planning group for the Conference on Intergroup Dialogue on the College Campus convened at the University of Michigan in November 1997. That planning group consisted of several of the contributors to this book, including Mark Chesler, Sylvia Hurtado, David Schoem, Todd Sevig, and Stephen H. Sumida. The participants at that conference represented a remarkable gathering of deeply knowledgeable and highly experienced individuals dedicated to advancing our understanding and practice of intergroup dialogue. The discussions of that conference were so open, honest, and inspired that we felt even more convinced of the value of putting in writing some of the important ideas and lessons generated by our colleagues. We were most grati ed to have brought together for the rst time the leading voices on intergroup dialogue in higher education. Jonathan Hutson and Rosemary Fennell, among others, urged us to broaden our scope even further in order to engage the world of intergroup dialogue in K 12 schools, community settings, and the corporate sector. We are most thankful to them for that very sound suggestion, and this book re ects our effort to address that broader vision. We also extend our appreciation to Pat McCune and Bess Chuang of UM s Dialogues on Diversity, who did so much to organize the January 2001 Conference, In Search of Common Ground: Finding Our Way in a Diverse Democracy, based on the work of the authors of this book. Mark Chesler has been of great assistance throughout this project in many ways, including helping to conceptualize the book (with the other members of the planning group) and organizing the case studies on the workplace. Chavella Pittman has been a core member of our working group from the start. She was of great assistance as a member of the planning group in helping to organize the conference and has helped with a great many of the details of making this book a reality. We are very appreciative of Pat Preston s work in compiling the subject index of this book. We are thankful to Ruby Beale, Charles Behling, Teresa Graham Brett, Mark Chesler, Patricia Gurin, Diana Kardia, Ratnesh Nagda, Shari Saunders, Todd Sevig, Stephen Sumida, Monita Thompson, Jesús Treviño, and Ximena Zúñiga for all they
viii Acknowledgments have taught us over the years about intergroup dialogue. We also want to thank Robert Corcoran, Tina Fernandez, Marjorie Green, Karen Elliot Greisdorf, Gretchen Groth, Rita Hardiman, Jonathan Hutson, Scott Marshall, Michael McCormick, Martha McCoy, Joseph McKenna, Mike McQuillan, Cassandra Mitchell, Lester Monts, Maria Ramos, James Sauceda, Allison Smith, Lorraine Tiven, and Wayne Winborne for all their interest and support in the development of this project. Beverly Tatum and Maurianne Adams were most valuable from the very start in helping us identify potential publishers. Martha McCoy and Joseph McKenna were particularly helpful in securing certain endorsements and they, along with Karen Elliot Greisdorf, Jonathan Hutson, and Lorraine Tiven, helped tremendously with dissemination of the book. We are very pleased to have this book published by University of Michigan Press and to have the opportunity to work again with their outstanding editors, Mary Erwin, Kelly Sippell and Christina Milton, and with other ne staff such as Mike Kehoe and Giles Brown. We also want to acknowledge our appreciation of the College of Literature, Science and the Arts and of Marvin Parnes for support from the Of ce of the Vice President for Research at the University of Michigan. Finally, we wish to thank our families for their love and support during the process of bringing this book to print. Karyn, Adina, and Shana make all this worthwhile for David. Intergroup relations has been a part of Sylvia s daily life with Eric, who supports her research and diversity work in many ways.
Contents 1. Intergroup Dialogue: Democracy at Work in Theory and Practice 1 David Schoem, Sylvia Hurtado, Todd Sevig, Mark Chesler, and Stephen H. Sumida 2. Research and Evaluation on Intergroup Dialogue 22 Sylvia Hurtado Case Studies Introduction 39 Case Studies: School 3. Building Bridges of Understanding through Dialogue 45 Tina Fernandez 4. Student Voices: The ADL s A WORLD OF DIFFERENCE Institute Peer Training Program 59 Lorraine Tiven 5. Students Talk About Race 74 Joseph H. McKenna and James Manseau Sauceda Case Studies: College 6. Voices of Discovery: Intergroup Dialogues at Arizona State University 87 Jesús Treviño 7. Educating for Social Justice: The Program on Intergroup Relations, Con ict, and Community at the University of Michigan 99 Monita C. Thompson, Teresa Graham Brett, and Charles Behling 8. Intergroup Dialogue, Education, and Action: Innovations at the University of Washington School of Social Work 115 Biren (Ratnesh) A. Nagda, Scott Harding, Dominique Moïse-Swanson, Mary Lou Balassone, Margaret Spearmon, and Stan de Mello
x Contents Case Studies: Community 9. Engaging the Whole Community in Dialogue and Action: Study Circles Resource Center 137 Martha McCoy and Michael A. McCormick 10. An Honest Conversation on Race, Reconciliation, and Responsibility: Hope in the Cities 151 Karen Elliott Greisdorf 11. Not Just Dialogue for Dialogue s Sake: The National Conference for Community and Justice 166 Wayne Winborne and Allison Smith Case Studies: Workplace 12. Cultural Study Groups: Creating Dialogue in a Corporate Setting 181 Rita Hardiman and Bailey W. Jackson 13. Dialogue in Corporations 194 Gretchen Ann Groth 14. Dialogue throughout an Organization 210 Maria C. Ramos and Cassandra Mitchell Critical Issues in Intergroup Dialogue Introduction 225 15. Training Peer Facilitators for Intergroup Dialogue Leadership 227 Ruby L. Beale, Monita C. Thompson, and Mark Chesler 16. Embracing the Paradox: Dialogue That Incorporates Both Individual and Group Identities 247 Diana Kardia and Todd Sevig 17. The Content/Process Balance in Intergroup Dialogue 266 Ruby L. Beale and David Schoem 18. A Celebration of Power 280 Stephen H. Sumida and Patricia Gurin 19. Extending Intergroup Dialogue: From Talk to Action 294 Mark Chesler 20. Design Considerations in Intergroup Dialogue 306 Ximena Zúñiga and Biren (Ratnesh) A. Nagda
Contents xi 21. Adapting Intergroup Dialogue Processes for Use in a Variety of Settings 328 David Schoem and Shari Saunders 22. A Directory of Intergroup Dialogue Programs and Organizations 345 Jonathan J. Hutson Contributors 353 Index 359