Biodiversity Challenge Rules

Transcription

1 name Biodiversity Challenge Rules Read all instructions before beginning the game. Goal of the Game Your goal is to maximize the sustainability of the island s ecosystems by improving the economic, social, and environmental aspects of your ecosystem as much as possible while still keeping them balanced. Game Preparation 1. Each player chooses an ecosystem on the map to manage. 2. Shuffle the set of species cards that matches your ecosystem, and draw eight cards. Leave the remaining cards in a stack where you can easily reach them. Add one Protected Area card to the eight cards that you drew. If you did not draw at least two forest or two coral Species Cards, exchange a different species card for either a forest or a coral Species Card. 3. On Student Sheet 1.2, Species Card Record, list your eight species. Look at the information on your cards, and record on the Student Sheet any relationships you notice between the species on the cards. For example, an organism of one species might rely on an organism of another species for food or shelter. These relationships will be important as you play the game. Record the population and genetic diversity of each species in the appropriate column. 4. Each player rolls the number cube twice. For the first roll take the number of Money Chips indicated by the cube. For the second roll take the number of Social Chips indicated by the cube. 5. On Student Sheet 1.3, Sustainability Scores, calculate and record your initial environmental, economic, and social scores. Game Play 6. Shuffle the set of First-Round Event Cards. Choose a player to begin. This player will turn over a First-Round Event Card, and all players will react to the information on the card. 7. When all players have finished responding to that First-Round Event card, play proceeds clockwise, with the next player turning over the next First-Round Event card. All players respond to this card. 8. After all players have turned over a First-Round Event Card, record the species cards you now have on Student Sheet 1.2, Species Card Record, and calculate and record your environmental, economic, and social scores on Student Sheet 1.3, Sustainability Scores. 9. Repeat Steps 6 8, using the set of Second-Round Event Cards. 10. Play one more round using the Third-Round Event Cards. Again, repeat Steps 6 8. (continued on next page) Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 1.1

2 name Biodiversity Challenge Rules (continued) Special Rules 11. You may use your Protected Area card to isolate yourself from the effects (positive or negative) of an Event Card in Rounds 1 and 2 except events that are related to weather or disease. When you use it, you must turn it in. You will not get another Protected Area card. You may not use a Protected Area card in Round At the end of each round count how many cards you have for each species. Some species depend on other species for food or shelter. If you find that the number of species cards for the dependent species now exceeds the number of cards for the species it depends on, you must discard enough of the dependent species cards to make the numbers of both sets of species cards the same. Calculating the Final Score 13. After completing the third round, make final adjustments to your score by following these two steps: (a) If you have lost all the cards of one or more species or if your total environmental score has decreased from your initial value, that means environmental damage has occurred. If environmental damage has happened in any ecosystem, all players in the group must reduce their environmental scores by first subtracting 15 points and then adding a point back for each species cards any player has remaining. (b) If your environmental, social, and economic scores total less than 25 points, the sustainability of your ecosystem is well balanced. Add 15 more points to your total. The player with the highest sustainability score wins! Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 1.1

3 name Species Card Record Name of Ecosystem Manager Ecosystem Initial Species Cards Species Species relationships Population Genetic diversity End of First-Round Species Cards Species Population Genetic diversity (continued on next page) Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 1.2

4 name Species Card Record (continued) End of Second-Round Species Cards Species Population Genetic diversity End of Third-Round Species Cards Species Population Genetic diversity Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 1.2

5 name Sustainability Scores Name: Ecosystem: Sustainability Score Initial Environmental Number Factor Total points Total Species Cards Multiply by 2 ==> Total diversity points Divide by 4 ==> Types of species Leave as is ==> Total environmental score Social Number Factor Total points Total Social Chips Multiply by 5 ==> Total social score Economic Number Factor Total points Total Money Chips Multiply by 5 ==> Total economic score Total initial sustainability score (Add environmental, social, and economic scores) Sustainability Score End of First Round Environmental Number Factor Total points Total Species Cards Multiply by 2 ==> Total diversity points Divide by 4 ==> Types of species Leave as is ==> Total environmental score Social Number Factor Total points Total Social Chips Multiply by 5 ==> Total social score (continued on next page) Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 1.3

6 name Sustainability Scores (continued) Economic Number Factor Total points Total Money Chips Multiply by 5 ==> Total economic Score Total first-round sustainability score (Add environmental, social, and economic scores) Name: Ecosystem: Sustainability Score End of Second Round Environmental Number Factor Total points Total Species Cards Multiply by 2 ==> Total diversity points Divide by 4 ==> Different types of species Leave as is ==> Total environmental score Social Number Factor Total points Total Social Chips Multiply by 5 ==> Total social score Economic Number Factor Total points Total Money Chips Multiply by 5 ==> Total economic score Total second-round sustainability score (continued on next page) Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 1.3

7 Sustainability Scores (continued) Sustainability Score End of Third Round Environmental Number Factor Total points Total Species Cards Multiply by 2 ==> Total diversity points Divide by 4 ==> Different types of species Leave as is ==> Total environmental score Social Number Factor Total points Total Social Chips Multiply by 5 ==> Total social score Economic Number Factor Total points Total Money Chips Multiply by 5 ==> Total economic score Total third-round sustainability score Final adjustments to sustainability score Adjust your score by following instructions (a) and (b), under Calculating the Final Score on Student Sheet 1.1, Biodiversity Challenge Rules. Adjustment (a) Adjustment (b) Grand Total final sustainability score Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 1.3

8 name Biodiversity Challenge Reflection Name Manager of Ecosystem: Directions: Apply the data you collected in the Biodiversity Challenge Game to answer the following questions. Be sure to answer ALL parts of the question thoroughly and thoughtfully! 1. Describe two choices you made for your ecosystem. As manager, what aspects did you take into consideration (social, economic, biodiversity of ecosystem)? Why? 2. Look at the Species Cards that you started with and the Species Cards that you ended with. Describe the changes that occurred. Be sure to think about number of Species Cards, population letters, and genetic diversity. How would you describe the state of your ecosystem at the end of the game? Support your answer with evidence. (continued on next page) Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 1.4

9 Biodiversity Challenge Reflection (continued) 3. Discuss the relationships that the species in your ecosystem had with one another. Did the state of your ecosystem affect the state of other ecosystems? Explain. 4. A trade-off is an exchange of one thing in return for another, giving up something that is a benefit or advantage, in exchange for something that may be more desirable. Discuss one decision you made about your ecosystem. What was the trade-off involved? How did this affect the overall sustainability (short term AND long term) of your ecosystem? Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 1.4

10 name Ideas About Evolution Statement 1: Evolution is a climb up a ladder of progress with taxa always getting bigger and better. Before doing any activity, I think the statement is correct: Yes No because Activity Number After doing these activities, I think Statement is correct: Evidence and reasoning: 5 and 6 Yes No Yes No Yes No Statement 2: The theory of evolution by natural selection is supported by a large body of scientific evidence. Before doing any activity, I think the statement is correct: Yes No because Activity Number After doing these activities, I think Statement is correct: Evidence and reasoning: 6 Yes No Yes No Yes No Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 3.1 (continued on next page)

11 Ideas About Evolution (continued) Statement 3: Natural selection is not a random process. Before doing any activity, I think the statement is correct: Yes No because Activity Number After doing these activities, I think Statement is correct: Evidence and reasoning: Yes No Yes No Yes No Statement 4: Evolution is a process by which taxa choose to adapt to their environment. Before doing any activity, I think the statement is correct: Yes No because Activity Number After doing these activities, I think Statement is correct: Evidence and reasoning: 5 & 6 Yes No Yes No Yes No Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 3.1 (continued on next page)

12 Ideas About Evolution (continued) Statement 5: Evidence suggests that humans and apes share an evolutionary ancestry. Before doing any activity, I think the statement is correct: Yes No because Activity Number After doing these activities, I think Statement is correct: Evidence and reasoning: Yes No Yes No Yes No Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 3.1

13 name Geologic Time and Major Events ENDZONE ENDZONE Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 3.2

14 name Geologic Event Paper Strips Earth Originated Oxygen levels in atmosphere increase Earliest fossil record of prokaryotes Earliest eukaryote fossils Earliest Homo erectus fossils Earliest mammals in fossil record # Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 3.3

15 Scientists, Ideas, and Events that Influenced Darwin Scientist: Event: Scientist: Idea(s): Idea(s): Idea(s): Event: Darwin returns to England and continues to investigate and think about evolution. Expert: Expert: Expert: Idea(s): Idea(s): Idea(s): Darwin proposes his theory of evolution by natural selection. Scientist: Idea(s): Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 4.1

16 name Whale Fossil Chart The layers of rock shown are called strata. Deeper strata are older, while upper strata are more recent. O B T K M Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 5.1

17 name Whale Evolutionary Tree Modern toothed and baleen whales (including O) Miocene (25 mya) Oligocene basilosaurs (B) protocetids (T) remingtonocetids pakicetids (K) Eocene Paleocene (65 mya) paraxonians (hoofed land mammals) mesonychids (M) Key: Horizontal line (T) indicates that these are no known descendents of these fossils. Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 5.2

18 name Evidence in Anklebones 2 trochlea (double pulley) Pakicetus (whale ancestor) 2 trochlea (double pulley) Sus (pig) trochlea ( pulley) human Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 7.1

19 name Cranium Comparisons Skull number Angle of face from incisors to brow ridge Angle of forehead Length of upper jaw (cm) (from back molars to between two front incisors) Volume of braincase (cm 3 ) , ,300 1, ,000 1, Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 8.1

20 name Supporting a Scientific Argument Example 1: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: Example 2: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: Example 3: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: (continued on next page) Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 10.1

21 name Supporting a Scientific Argument (continued) (continued on next page) Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 10.1 EARLY MID LATE

22 Supporting a Scientific Argument (continued) Example 4: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: Example 5: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: Example 6: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: (continued on next page) Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 10.1

23 Supporting a Scientific Argument (continued) Example 7: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: Example 8: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: Example 9: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: (continued on next page) Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 10.1

24 Supporting a Scientific Argument (continued) Example 10: Claim: Evidence to support the claim: Reasoning: Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 10.1

25 name Changes in the Gene Pool of a Mouse Population generation 1 generation generation generation generation generation 6 generation generation generation generation Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 12.1

26 name Anticipation Guide: The Processes and Outcomes of Evolution Before starting the activity, mark whether you agree (+) or disagree ( ) with each statement below. After completing the activity, mark whether you agree (+) or disagree ( ) with each statement below. Under each statement, explain the evidence from the activity that supports or led you to change your ideas. Before After 1. Microevolution refers to the evolution of very small organisms, such as bacteria. 2. The evolutionary fitness of an organism is related to its physical strength or size. 3. Adaptations result only from natural selection. 4. Geographic isolation results from either changes in the land or migration (movement) of a group of organisms to a location distant from the original population. 5. When gene flow continues between two populations, they are likely to remain the same biological species. 6. The evolution of many species from one ancestral species is proposed as a mechanism for the evolution of the 13 species of Galapagos finches. 7. Until human populations grew and began to change the environment, there were very few extinctions. 8. Macroevolution refers to any evolutionary change at or above the species level. Science & Global issues/evolution Student sheet 13.1