Honours Algorithm Design COMP-362

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1 Lecture Notes Page 1 Honours Algorithm Design COMP-362 Lecture notes by Alexandre Tomberg Prof. Patrick Hayden McGill University Fall 2008

2 Lecture Notes Page 2 Table of Contents December :16 PM

3 Lecture Notes Page 3

4 Lecture Notes Page 4 Dynamic Programming September :46 AM

5 Lecture Notes Page 5

6 Lecture Notes Page 6

7 Lecture Notes Page 7 String Theory September :57 AM

8 Lecture Notes Page 8

9 Lecture Notes Page 9 Approximation Algorithm December :43 PM

10 Lecture Notes Page 10

11 Lecture Notes Page 11 Dynamic Programming (in disguise) September :39 AM

12 Lecture Notes Page 12

13 Lecture Notes Page 13

14 Lecture Notes Page 14

15 Lecture Notes Page 15

16 Lecture Notes Page 16 Independent Set September :40 PM

17 Lecture Notes Page 17 Greedy Selection September :40 AM

18 Lecture Notes Page 18 Greedy Weighted Selection Given: While If then Return:

19 Lecture Notes Page 19

20 Lecture Notes Page 20

21 Lecture Notes Page 21 Introduction to Linear Programming September :39 AM

22 Lecture Notes Page 22 Solving Linear Programming Problems. Linear Programming in General.

23 Lecture Notes Page 23 Standard Form Duality

24 Lecture Notes Page 24

25 Lecture Notes Page 25

26 Lecture Notes Page 26 Flows October :39 AM

27 Lecture Notes Page 27 Cuts October :51 AM

28 Lecture Notes Page 28

29 Lecture Notes Page 29

30 Lecture Notes Page 30

31 Lecture Notes Page 31

32 Lecture Notes Page 32

33 Lecture Notes Page 33

34 Lecture Notes Page 34

35 Lecture Notes Page 35

36 Lecture Notes Page 36 Ford -Folkerson Algorithm September :37 PM Ford-Folkerson (G,s,t,c): While do: return Edmonds-Karp:

37 Lecture Notes Page 37

38 Lecture Notes Page 38

39 Lecture Notes Page 39 Applications of Max Flow September :08 PM

40 Lecture Notes Page 40

41 Lecture Notes Page 41

42 Lecture Notes Page 42

43 Lecture Notes Page 43

44 Lecture Notes Page 44 Symplex Algorithm October :39 AM

45 Lecture Notes Page 45

46 Lecture Notes Page 46

47 Lecture Notes Page 47

48 Lecture Notes Page 48

49 Lecture Notes Page 49

50 Lecture Notes Page 50

51 Lecture Notes Page 51

52 Lecture Notes Page 52 Max Flow & Simplex October :04 PM

53 Lecture Notes Page 53

54 Lecture Notes Page 54 Polytime algorithms October :37 PM

55 Lecture Notes Page 55

56 Lecture Notes Page 56 Circuit - Satisfiability (Sat) October :50 AM

57 Lecture Notes Page 57

58 Lecture Notes Page 58 NP-Complete problems October :35 PM

59 Lecture Notes Page 59

60 Lecture Notes Page 60 Independent Set October :42 AM

61 Lecture Notes Page 61

62 Lecture Notes Page 62 Vertex Cover October :08 PM

63 Lecture Notes Page 63 Hamiltonian Cycle October :19 PM

64 Lecture Notes Page 64

65 Lecture Notes Page 65

66 Lecture Notes Page 66 3D -matching October :29 PM

67 Lecture Notes Page 67

68 Lecture Notes Page 68 Integer Linear Programming October :19 PM

69 Lecture Notes Page 69

70 Lecture Notes Page 70 Subset Sum October :30 PM

71 Lecture Notes Page 71 Feed forward Neural Nets October :55 AM

72 Lecture Notes Page 72

73 Lecture Notes Page 73

74 Lecture Notes Page 74

75 Lecture Notes Page 75

76 Lecture Notes Page 76

77 Lecture Notes Page 77 Complement of NP October :04 PM

78 Lecture Notes Page 78 k-colorability October :39 AM

79 Lecture Notes Page 79 How to deal with NP-hardness October :48 AM

80 Lecture Notes Page 80

81 Backtrack (problem P) Lecture Notes Page 81

82 Lecture Notes Page 82 Branch & Bound (problem P): while choose expand for each if else if return (best)

83 Lecture Notes Page 83

84 Lecture Notes Page 84 Approximate solutions of Vertex Cover problem November :48 AM

85 Lecture Notes Page 85

86 Lecture Notes Page 86

87 Lecture Notes Page 87

88 Lecture Notes Page 88

89 Lecture Notes Page 89 Set Cover November :39 AM

90 Lecture Notes Page 90

91 Lecture Notes Page 91

92 Lecture Notes Page 92

93 Lecture Notes Page 93 k-cluster November :21 PM

94 Lecture Notes Page 94

95 Lecture Notes Page 95 Metric Traveling Salesman Problem November :45 PM

96 Lecture Notes Page 96 Approximability November :41 AM

97 Lecture Notes Page 97

98 Lecture Notes Page 98 Probabilistically Checkable Proofs (PCP) November :53 AM

99 Lecture Notes Page 99

100 Lecture Notes Page 100

101 Lecture Notes Page 101

102 Lecture Notes Page 102

103 Lecture Notes Page 103

104 Lecture Notes Page 104 Dealing with NP- hardness November :23 PM

105 Lecture Notes Page 105

106 Lecture Notes Page 106 Tree Width November :41 AM

107 Lecture Notes Page 107

108 Lecture Notes Page 108

109 Lecture Notes Page 109

110 Lecture Notes Page 110

111 Lecture Notes Page 111

112 Lecture Notes Page 112

113 Lecture Notes Page 113

114 Lecture Notes Page 114 Control-flow graphs November :19 PM

115 Lecture Notes Page 115 Finding Tree Decompositions November :31 PM

116 Lecture Notes Page 116 Final Exam November :25 PM

117 Lecture Notes Page 117 NPC Reductions Map December :03 AM

118 Lecture Notes Page 118 Computation & Time Travel November :41 AM

AN EXAMPLE OF THE GOMORY CUTTING PLANE ALGORITHM. max z = 3x 1 + 4x 2. 3x 1 x x x x N 2

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