Chilean Higher Education System and Challenges. Pilar Armanet Director Higher Education Division Ministry of Education October, 2005

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1 Chilean Higher Education System and Challenges Pilar Armanet Director Higher Education Division Ministry of Education October, 2005

2 Chilean HE system development Important expansion and diversification during the past two decades Number and type of institutions: 221 HEIs only 8 Universities Universities: 25 traditional with State funding (16 Stateowned and 9 private) 47 Professional Institutes Technical Education Centers Enrolment students students Enrolment rate (Ages 18-24) % % Graduate education

3 Chilean tertiary education a forerunner in LAC % of GDP 2.5% 2.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% Investment in tertiary education % of GDP, 2001 Chile allocates 2.2% of GDP to TE, which is the highest in LAC Chile features one of the most diverse markets for tertiary education in the region 0.0% Chile Colombia Jamaica Brazil Paraguay Peru Argentina Public subsidies Private sources Total Mexico Source: OECD (2002), World Bank (2003)

4 Chilean HE Challenges Quality Assurance Equity in access Technical Education Curricular Reform Research National Information System

5 Responses to Quality Challenge Accreditation National Agencies (for undergraduate and graduate studies) Created in 1999 for an experimental process Role: to promote and assure HE quality Voluntary institutional and programs accreditation Bachelor, master and doctoral degrees Successful process 216 undergraduate programs have been accredited. 515 participating. 200 graduate programs have been accredited (84 Doctorate and 116 Masters) 20 institutions have passed institutional accreditation. 47 in accreditation process) Permanent system proposal: Quality Assurance National System Law project is being discussed at the National Congress. Final steps. Includes creation of the Higher Education National Information System

6 Responses to Equity Challenge 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Brazil Mexico Enrollment in TE by income Colombia Chile 1990 USA Argentina Chile 2000 Q1/2 (Low income) Q3 Q4 Q5 (High income) Source: World Bank (2002), Del Bello (2002) and Delannoy (2000) Spain Strong demand-side financing has increased equitable participation: Between 1997 and 2006 public support for student financial assistance increased 87 percent in real terms to 31 percent of public spending on tertiary education. Scholarships Focus on the most needed and on areas of national and regional interest. Fees and maintenance grants (working on a combined grant) 2 Student loans systems Focused on the most needed. Total funding for student loans and scholarships MM$ US$ MM$ US$ 277.4

Responses to Technical Education Challenge Quality: Reformulation of supervision and accreditation mechanisms Funding MECESUP 1 and 2 Program Nuevo Milenio scholarships program since 2001 Two

7 Responses to Technical Education Challenge Quality: Reformulation of supervision and accreditation mechanisms Funding MECESUP 1 and 2 Program Nuevo Milenio scholarships program since 2001 Two priority areas: technology and agriculture Integration of the productive sector to learning processes Joint training programs: Inter- institutional nets Curricular modification based on labour competitions, using a tributary tax exemption

8 Responses to Curricular Reform MECESUP 2 Program Challenge Financed by WB loan and government funding Aligned with the Bologna Process, partnership with Tuning Project contest focus: Curricular Reform Credits Intra and inter institutional nets Curriculum based on competences Mobility

9 Responses to Research Challenge Enhancing Research through different projects and grants 3 World Bank Loans: Proyecto Bicentenario, Milenio and Mecesup 2 Copper Mining Royalty fund for science, technology and innovation. (New Council for CS & technology and innovation)

10 Responses to Information Challenge At present, diverse information processes and systems Currently working on The HE National Information System in order to improve: Transparency Policy making processes Comparability, benchmarking and setting standards Accreditation process Funding allocation Impact evaluation Planning

11 Links Chilean Ministry of Education: National Undergraduate Accreditation Commission: Project to track professionals and technicians in the labour market: Student aids:

Financing of Higher Education in Latin America Lessons from Chile, Brazil, and Mexico

Inter-American Development Bank Financing of Higher Education in Latin America Lessons from Chile, Brazil, and Mexico Paulina Gonzalez-Pose Sabine Rieble Aubourg Tertiary Education Financing Regional Workshop