Pharmacy Technology September 2014 Needs Assessment Prepared by Danielle Pearson Date: September 4, 2014 Pharmacy Technology Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 1
Scope Data compiled in this report covers San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles counties. Data were drawn from external sources, including the Employment Development Department s California Labor Market Information, the U.S. Department of Education s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), O*NET OnLine, and Chaffey College s Colleague Administrative database. Data Sources and Calculations Educational Program Data TOP Code Program of Study 1221.00 Pharmacy Technology The Taxonomy of Programs (TOP) is a standardized system used at the state level to classify programs and courses that are intended to achieve the same outcome at different colleges throughout the state. CIP Code Program of Study 51.0805 Pharmacy Technician/Assistant The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) is a standardized coding system used at the federal level to facilitate accurate tracking, assessment, and reporting of fields of study and program completion at educational institutions throughout the country. This report draws on the Pharmacy Technician/Assistant CIP code, which maps to the Pharmacy Technology TOP code, to compare Chaffey College to other institutions and examine employment trends. Completions Data Degree and certificate data regarding students at Chaffey College were collected from the Colleague Administrative database. Degree and certificate data for all comparison schools were collected from the U.S. Department of Education s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). All comparison institutions included in this report are postsecondary and have provided data to IPEDS. IPEDS defines postsecondary education as a formal program designed primarily for students beyond high school age. These include academic, vocational, and continuing professional education, and exclude avocational and adult basic education programs. Occupational Data SOC Code Occupational Title 29.2052 Pharmacy Technicians 31.9095 Pharmacy Aides The Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system is used by federal statistical agencies to classify workers into occupational categories. The Pharmacy Technician/Assistant CIP code was mapped to the SOC codes listed in the table above using the crosswalk described in the paragraph below. Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 2
Educational Program to Occupation Crosswalk The TOP-CIP-SOC Crosswalk (Employment Development Department, 2009) was used in this report to map TOP codes to CIP and SOC codes. This crosswalk allows the user to estimate labor market demand for California Community College program completers using SOC based projections from the Labor Market Information Division. Industry Data The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is used by federal statistical agencies to classify business establishments for the purpose of conducting and reporting research on the U.S. business economy. Using the Standard Occupational Classification codes listed above, associated NAICS industries were identified. Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 3
Introduction and Contents Contents Background Information 5 Regional Job Outlook 7 Largest & Fastest Growing Industry Employers 9 Regional Graduation Summary 11 Chaffey College s Performance on Core Indicators 13 Purpose and Goals Chaffey College currently offers a 27-unit Associate in Science degree and a 27-unit Certificate option in the Pharmacy Technician program. The following is a description of the Pharmacy Technician program as outlined in the 2014-15 Catalog: This occupational program prepares students for work as Pharmacy Technicians. The program provides both the technical and practical training that enables the technician, upon licensure, to function as a competent entry-level assistant to the pharmacist. Pharmacy Technicians may be employed in hospitals, community pharmacies, home-health care settings, and government agencies. Program curriculum consists of lecture and laboratory instruction in both simulated and supervised clinical environments. Upon successful completion of the Pharmacy Technician program, students are qualified to apply to the California State Board of Pharmacy for registration; registration is a legal requirement for work in California as a pharmacy technician. California law also allows for the denial of certification on the basis of any prior criminal convictions substantially related to pharmaceutical practice. The purpose of this report is to integrate and analyze data from multiple sources to determine labor market needs for the Pharmacy Technician program at Chaffey College. Regional Definitions Inland Empire includes the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Los Angeles County includes the Los Angeles- Long Beach-Glendale Metro Division Orange County includes the Santa Ana- Anaheim-Irvine Metro Division Key Terms and Concepts Replacement Jobs: Replacement jobs refer to the number of job openings due to workers leaving an occupation. Annual Openings: Annual openings are calculated by adding the number of new jobs to the number of replacement jobs, divided by the number of years in the projection period. Projections: Projections of employment are calculated by the Employment Development Department and are based on a mathematical formula that includes historical employment and economic indicators along with national, state, and local trends. Occupation: Jobs are grouped into occupations using the federal Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Industry: Occupations are grouped into industries using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Wages: Hourly wages are reported in percentiles and averages. The 25 th percentile is a useful proxy of entry-level wages and the 75 th percentile of experienced-level wages. Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 4
Background Information Pharmacy Technology Pharmacy Technology programs in California Community Colleges focus on teaching students the principles and procedures used to assist in maintaining and dispensing pharmaceutical supplies and medications. 1 The descriptions of job duties for Pharmacy Technicians and Pharmacy Aides are provided by the Occupational Information Network. 2 Pharmacy Technicians 2 Pharmacy Technicians prepare medications under the direction of a pharmacist. They measure, mix, count out, label, and record amounts and dosages of medications according to prescription orders. Typical Tasks Receive written prescription or refill requests and verify that information is complete and accurate Prepack bulk medicines, fill bottles with prescribed medications, and type and affix labels Answer telephones, responding to questions or requests Maintain proper storage and security conditions for drugs Assist customers by answering simple questions, locating items, or referring them to the pharmacist for medication information Price and file prescriptions that have been filled Establish or maintain patient profiles, including lists of medications taken by individual patients Order, label, and count stock of medications, chemicals, or supplies and enter inventory data into computer Receive and store incoming supplies, verify quantities against invoices, check for outdated medications in current inventory, and inform supervisors of stock needs and shortages Mix pharmaceutical preparations, according to written prescriptions 1 California Community Colleges, Chancellor s Office, Taxonomy of Programs, Sixth Edition (Corrected Version). 2 O*Net Online: http://www.onetonline.org/find/ Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 5
Pharmacy Aides 2 Pharmacy aides record drugs delivered to the pharmacy, store incoming merchandise, and inform the supervisor of stock needs. They also may operate a cash register and accept prescriptions for filling. Typical Tasks Operate cash register to process cash or credit sales Prepare prescription labels by typing or operating a computer and printer Accepting prescriptions for filling, gathering and processing necessary information Answer telephone inquiries, referring callers to pharmacist when necessary Greet customers and help them locate merchandise Receive, store, and inventory pharmaceutical supplies or medications, check for outdated medications, and notify pharmacist when inventory levels are low Unpack, sort, count, and label incoming merchandise, including items requiring special handling or refrigeration Prepare, maintain, and record records of inventories, receipts, purchases, or deliveries, using a variety of computer screen formats Maintain and clean equipment, work areas, or shelves Perform clerical tasks, such as filling, compiling and maintaining prescription records, or composing letters Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 6
Regional Job Outlook Projected Regional Job Outlook The table below displays 2010 employment estimates and 2020 projections for the two occupational groups associated with Pharmacy Technology programs. Job for Pharmacy Technicians are estimated to grow by approximately 28%-35% and jobs Pharmacy Aides are expected grow by approximately 25%- 32% over this time period. Total Estimated 2010 Jobs Total Projected 2020 Jobs Projected Growth (%) Ave. Annual New Job Openings Ave. Annual Replacement Job Openings Ave. Annual Total Job Openings Pharmacy Technicians State of California 29,000 38,600 9,600 (33.1%) 960 500 1,460 Inland Empire 3,130 4,010 800 (28.1%) 80 62 142 Los Angeles CO 6,520 8,400 1,880 (28.8%) 188 113 301 Orange CO 3,190 4,320 1,130 (35.4%) 113 55 168 Pharmacy Aides State of California 8,100 10,700 2,600 (32.1%) 260 120 380 Inland Empire 660 830 170 (25.8%) 17 9 26 Los Angeles CO 2,000 2,560 560 (28.0%) 56 31 87 Orange CO 1,050 1,380 330 (31.4%) 33 16 49 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited September 5, 2014). Projected Job Growth by Region The graphs below show the projected growth from 2010 to 2020 of occupations that employ Pharmacy Technicians and Pharmacy Aides. Each job is projected to grow by at least 25% in each region of interest. Pharmacy Technicians 50 % Growth 40 30 20 33.1 28.1 28.8 35.4 10 0 California Inland Empire LA County Orange County Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 7
Pharmacy Aides 50 % Growth 40 30 20 32.1 25.8 28 31.4 10 0 California Inland Empire LA County Orange County Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited September 5, 2014). Hourly Wages by Region This table displays the first quarter 2014 hourly wage statistics of individuals employed in occupations for Pharmacy Technology program completers. Pharmacy Technicians can expect to earn $4 - $6 more on average than Pharmacy Aides. Mean Hourly Rate 25 th Percentile Median Hourly Rate 75 th Percentile Pharmacy Technicians State of California $19.24 $15.40 $18.48 $22.51 Inland Empire $17.18 $13.50 $16.27 $20.33 Los Angeles CO $17.96 $14.26 $17.48 $21.35 Orange CO $19.01 $15.52 $18.10 $22.78 Pharmacy Aides State of California $13.71 $10.09 $11.79 $15.84 Inland Empire $13.27 $9.99 $11.48 $16.14 Los Angeles CO $12.62 $9.54 $10.79 $12.96 Orange CO $15.34 $10.72 $14.12 $18.53 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited September 5, 2014). Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 8
Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers Largest Industry Employers of Pharmacy Technology Occupations The graphs below display the 2010 staffing patterns of the largest industries employing completers of Pharmacy Technology programs across the state of California. Health and Personal Care Stores employ the majority of Pharmacy Technicians and Pharmacy Aides. 20000 Pharmacy Technicians Number of Employees 16000 12000 8000 4000 0 8000 Pharmacy Aides 7000 Number of Employees 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Health & Personal Care Stores Grocery Stores General Medical & Surgical Hospitals Outpatient Care Centers Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited September 5, 2014). Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 9
Change Over Time of the Largest Industry Employers of Pharmacy Technology- Related Occupations The graphs below display projections of change over time from 2010-2020 of the largest industries employing Pharmacy Technology-related occupations in the state of California. Growth is expected in the majority of industries employing Pharmacy Technicians, particularly in Outpatient Care Centers and Employment Services. Growth is expected in high levels across all industries for Pharmacy Aides. Pharmacy Technicians 80% Percent Change 60% 40% 20% 0% 43.6% 7.7% 60.0% 33.3% 25.0% -20.0% 0.0% 0.0% 50.0% 0.0% -20% -40% Pharmacy Aides 250% 200% 200.0% Percent Change 150% 100% 133.8% 120.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 50% 0% Health & Grocery Stores Personal Care Stores General Medical & Surgical Hospitals Outpatient Other General Care Centers Merchandise Stores Offices of Physicians Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns1.asp (visited September 5, 2014). Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 10
Regional Graduation Summary Education and Training 3 Pharmacy Aides typically receive on the job training but most employers prefer at least a high school diploma. The job of Pharmacy Aide is likely to appeal to those who enjoy working with people and performing tasks that are organized, clearly defined, and require an attention to detail. Pharmacy Technicians must be licensed to practice in California by the Department of Consumer Affairs, Board of Pharmacy. To obtain this license, they must meet specific educational requirements, pass a criminal background check, and obtain a Live Scan fingerprint clearance. The job of Pharmacy Technician is likely to appeal to those who enjoy working with people and performing duties that are organized, clearly defined, and require an attention to detail. Regional Completers in Pharmacy Technology Programs The table below displays the number of program completers in the 2012-13 academic year at regional institutions offering Pharmacy Technician/Assistant programs. Besides Chaffey College, there are 41 institutions offering degrees and/or certificates below the baccalaureate level across the four-county region. Institution Name < 1 year Certificate 1 to < 2 year Certificate Award Level Associate s Degree 2 to < 4 year Certificate Chaffey College -- 24 12 -- American Auto Institute -- 213 -- -- American Career College Ontario 127 -- -- -- American Career College Anaheim 120 -- -- -- American Career College Los Angeles American College of Healthcare - Riverside 95 -- -- -- -- 34 -- -- Career Networks Institute 33 -- -- -- Carrington College California Pomona -- -- 7 -- CBD College 9 -- -- -- Cerritos College -- 24 14 -- Charter College Canyon Country 122 -- -- -- Colton-Redlands-Yucaipa Regional Occupational Program 55 -- -- -- Downey Adult School 119 -- -- -- Everest College Alhambra -- 38 -- -- Everest College City of Industry -- 86 -- -- Everest College Gardena -- 32 -- -- Everest College Ontario -- 79 -- -- 3 Labor Market Info, Employment Development Department, California Occupational Guides, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/occguides (visited September 5, 2014). Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 11
Everest College Reseda -- 50 -- -- Everest College Santa Ana -- 66 -- -- Everest College Torrance -- 67 -- -- Everest College West Los Angeles -- 21 -- -- Four-D College 47 -- -- -- Galaxy Medical College 18 -- -- -- Hacienda La Puente Adult Education 24 -- -- -- ICDC College 9 -- -- -- Intercoast Colleges Carson 1 -- -- -- Los Angeles ORT College Los Angeles Campus 15 -- -- -- Los Angeles ORT College Van Nuys 11 -- -- -- North-West College Glendale 26 -- -- -- North-West College Pasadena 8 -- -- -- North-West College Pomona 16 -- -- -- North-West College Riverside 15 -- -- -- North-West College West Covina 38 -- -- -- Riverside County Office of Education 16 -- -- -- San Bernardino Valley College 9 -- 6 -- San Joaquin Valley College Hesperia -- -- 55 -- San Joaquin Valley College Ontario -- 3 20 -- San Joaquin Valley College Temecula -- 6 -- -- Santa Ana College 44 -- 14 -- United Education Institute Huntington Park Campus -- 389 -- -- Valley College of Medical Careers 8 -- -- -- West Los Angeles College 1 -- -- -- Total 1,862 292 42 -- Note: -- indicates that this type of degree is not offered. 0 indicates that this degree is offered but no degrees or certificates were granted. Source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, on the Internet at: http://www.nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/ Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 12
Chaffey College s Performance on Core Indicators The Perkins IV Career and Technical Education Improvement Act of 2006 mandates that all state and local postsecondary institutions provide data on six core performance indicators for their career and technical education programs. These indicators are: 1) Technical Skill Attainment; 2) Completions; 3) Persistence and Transfer; 4) Employment; 5a) Nontraditional Participation; and 5b) Nontraditional Completion. Performance goals are set at the state and local levels and progress is monitored based on a comparison between the actual percentage of students who master each performance area and the negotiated levels of performance. 2012-2013 Chaffey College Performance on Core Indicators The table below displays negotiated and actual core performance indicator levels for all Chaffey College students classified under the Pharmacy Technology TOP code. This CTE Cohort is defined by the Chancellor s Office as those with 12+ CTE units in the discipline in 3 years. Chaffey College performed above district negotiated levels in four of the six areas measured. Core Performance Indicators Negotiated Level State District Chaffey College Performance Percent Above or Below District Negotiated Level Pharmacy Technology Core 1 Technical Skill Attainment 89.50% 89.50% 97.87% 8.4 Core 2 Completions- Credential, Certificate, Degree, or Transfer Ready 81.50% 75.61% 93.48% 17.9 Core 3 Persistence and Transfer 86.50% 83.24% 71.74% -11.5 Core 4 Employment 80.85% 77.65% 65.96% -11.7 Core 5a Non-traditional Participation 22.60% 20.29% 27.66% 7.4 Core 5b Non-traditional Completions 26.50% 22.49% 28.89% 6.4 Source: CA Community Colleges Reporting Services, Pharmacy Technology, College Core Indicator Information by 6-Digit TOP (2014-2015 Fiscal Year Planning). Pharmacy Technology Needs Assessment Page 13