Radiologic Technology October 2013 Needs Assessment Prepared by Danielle Pearson Date: October 23, 2013 Radiologic Technology 1
Scope Data compiled in this report covers San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles counties. Data were drawn from external sources, including the Employment Development Department s California Labor Market Information and the U.S. Department of Education s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), and Chaffey College s Colleague Administrative database. Data Sources and Calculations Educational Program Data TOP Code Program of Study 1225.00 Radiologic Technology The Taxonomy of Programs (TOP) is a standardized system used at the state level to classify programs and courses that are intended to achieve the same outcome at California Community Colleges. CIP Code Program of Study 51.0911 Radiologic Technology/Science-Radiographer The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) is a standardized coding system used at the federal level to facilitate accurate tracking, assessment, and reporting of fields of study and program completion at educational institutions throughout the country. The CIP title and code associated with the Radiologic Technology TOP Code is 51.0911 Radiologic Technology/Science-Radiographer. All educational program data in this report are based on these TOP and CIP codes. Completions Data Degree and certificate data regarding students at Chaffey College were collected from the Colleague Administrative database. Degree and certificate data for all comparison schools were collected from the U.S. Department of Education s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). All comparison institutions included in this report are postsecondary and have provided data to IPEDS. IPEDS defines postsecondary education as a formal program designed primarily for students beyond high school age. These include academic, vocational, and continuing professional education, and exclude avocational and adult basic education programs. Occupational Data SOC Code Occupational Title 29.2034 and Technicians The Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system is used by federal statistical agencies to classify workers into occupational categories. The SOC code and title associated with the Radiologic Technology TOP Code through the crosswalk described below is 29.2034 and Technicians. 2
Educational Program to Occupation Crosswalk The TOP-CIP-SOC Crosswalk (Employment Development Department, 2007) was used in this report to map California Community College-specific Taxonomy of Program (TOP) codes to federal Classification of Instructional Program (CIP) and Standard Occupational Classifications (SOC) codes. This crosswalk allows the user to estimate labor market demand for California Community College program completers using SOC based projections from the Labor Market Information Division. Industry Data The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is used by federal statistical agencies to classify business establishments for the purpose of conducting and reporting research on the U.S. business economy. Using the Standard Occupational Classification codes listed above, associated NAICS industries were identified. 3
Introduction and Contents Contents Background Information 5 Regional Job Outlook 6 Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers 8 Regional Graduation Summary 10 Chaffey College s Performance on Core Indicators 11 Purpose and Goals Chaffey College currently offers an Associate s degree in Radiologic Technology that requires students to earn 72.5 semester units. The 2013-2014 College Catalog Radiologic Technology program description reads as follows: The Radiologic Technology program leads to an Associate in Science degree and certification. Training includes operation of digital and conventional x-ray equipment, exposing and processing images, utilizing radiation protection practices, positioning patients, and patient care. Concurrent clinical training is conducted in hospitals affiliated with Chaffey College. The Radiologic Technology program is accredited by the State of California and the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology, (JRCERT; www.jcert.org). Upon successful completion, graduates earn Diagnostic Radiologic Technology and Radiologic Technologist Fluoroscopy Permit certificates and are eligible to become licensed as. There are fees for obtaining licensure by examination and certification. The national certification examination and the State of California Certified Radiologic Technologist and Fluoroscopy Permit examinations are administered by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT; www.arrt.org). There are application fees for certification with the State of California (CRT). The program articulates with the California State University Northridge and the Loma Linda University Radiologic Technology programs for the bachelor s degree. The purpose of this report is to integrate and analyze data from multiple sources to determine labor market needs for the Radiologic Technology program at Chaffey College. Regional Definitions Inland Empire includes the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Los Angeles County includes the Los Angeles- Long Beach-Glendale Metropolitan Division Orange County includes the Santa Ana- Anaheim-Irvine Metropolitan Division Key Terms and Concepts Replacement Jobs: Replacement jobs refer to the number of job openings due to workers leaving an occupation. Annual Openings: Annual openings are calculated by adding the number of new jobs to the number of replacement jobs, divided by the number of years in the projection period. Projections: Projections of employment are calculated by the Employment Development Department and are based on a mathematical formula that includes historical employment and economic indicators along with national, state, and local trends. Occupation: Jobs are grouped into occupations using the federal Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Industry: Occupations are grouped into industries using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Wages: Hourly wages are reported in percentiles and averages. The 25th percentile is a useful proxy of entry-level wages and the 75th percentile of experienced-level wages. 4
Background Information Radiologic Technology Radiologic Technology programs in California Community Colleges educate students in the principles and techniques used in diagnostic radiography. Programs train students in radiographic techniques, radiation protection, equipment maintenance, and film processing and darkroom techniques. 1 The descriptions below are provided by the Occupational Information Network (O*Net). 2 take x-rays and CAT scans or administer nonradioactive materials into patients blood streams for diagnostic purposes. This job classification includes technologists who specialize in other scanning modalities. Related job titles: Computed Tomography Technologist (CT Technologist), MRI Technologist (Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technologist), Mammographer, Mammography Technologist, Radiographer, Radiologic Technologist (RT), Radiological Technologist, Radiology Technologist, Staff Technologist, X-Ray Technologist (X-Ray Tech) Typical Tasks Review and evaluate developed x-rays, video tape, or computer-generated information to determine if images are satisfactory for diagnostic purposes Operate or oversee operation of radiologic or magnetic imaging equipment to produce images of the body for diagnostic purposes Use radiation safety measures and protection devices to comply with government regulations and to ensure safety of patients and staff Position imaging equipment and adjust controls to set exposure time and distance according to specification of examination Explain procedures and observe patients to ensure safety and comfort during scan Position and immobilize patient on examining table Take thorough and accurate patient medical histories Key commands and data into computer to document and specify scan sequences, adjust transmitters and receivers, or photograph certain images Set up examination rooms, ensuring that all necessary equipment is ready Monitor patients conditions and reactions, reporting abnormal signs to physician 1 California Community Colleges, Chancellor s Office, Taxonomy of Programs, Sixth Edition (Corrected Version). 2 O*Net Online: http://www.onetonline.org/find/ 5
Regional Job Outlook Projected Regional Job Outlook The table below displays 2010 employment estimates and 2020 projections for. Growth in the Inland Empire is expected to exceed growth in both Orange and Los Angeles counties. Total Estimated 2010 Jobs Total Projected 2020 Jobs Projected Growth (%) Ave. Annual New Job Openings Ave. Annual Replacement Job Openings Ave. Annual Total Job Openings State of California 17,200 21,300 4100 (23.8%) 410 270 680 Inland Empire 1,340 1,660 320 (23.9%) 32 21 53 Los Angeles CO 4,390 5,150 760 (17.3%) 75 68 143 Orange CO 1,580 1,880 310 (19.6%) 30 24 54 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited November 7, 2013). Projected Regional Job Growth The graph below shows the projected growth from 2010 to 2020 of Radiologic Technologist jobs. Growth in the Inland Empire is fairly equivalent to growth in California as a whole, with growth in Orange County being slightly lower and Los Angeles growing at the slowest rate. 50 40 % Growth 30 20 10 0 California Inland Empire Los Angeles County Orange County Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited November 7, 2013). 6
Regional Hourly Wages This table displays the first quarter 2013 hourly wage statistics for. Wages are fairly consistent across areas of interest, apart from the lower wage range in Orange County. Radiologic Technologists can expect to earn between $22/hr to $42/hr, as a function of the county in which they are employed and the employee s level of experience. Mean Hourly Rate 25 th Percentile Median Hourly Rate 75 th Percentile State of California $34.40 $27.20 $33.97 $41.77 Inland Empire $30.70 $26.14 $31.83 $35.88 Los Angeles CO $34.40 $27.20 $33.97 $41.77 Orange CO $30.08 $22.17 $30.49 $37.25 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Occupation Profile, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/ (visited October 23, 2013). 7
Largest and Fastest Growing Industry Employers Largest Industry Employers of The graph below displays the 2010 staffing patterns of the largest industries employing Radiologic Technologists across the state of California. The largest industry employing, General Medical and Surgical Hospitals, accounted for over 50% of the employment and employed over 8,000. Number of Employees 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns2.asp (visited November 7, 2013). 8
Change Over Time of the Largest Industry Employers of Radiologic Technologists The graph below displays projections of staffing changes from 2010-2020 within the largest industries employing in the state of California. All industries are expected to grow, apart from Federal Government, Local Government, and Management of Companies and Enterprises. Percent Change 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Source: Labor Market Information Division, Employment Development Department, Staffing Patterns, on the Internet at: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/iomatrix/staffing-patterns2.asp (visited November 7, 2013). 9
Regional Graduation Summary Education and Training 1 The most common educational path to becoming a radiologic technologist is to obtain an associate s degree. Technologists must be licensed or certified in most states, although requirements vary by state. The formal training programs in radiography include certificates, which take approximately 6 12 months, associate s degrees, which are the most common, and bachelor s degrees. Typical programs include both classroom training and clinical training. Coursework includes anatomy, pathology, patient care, radiation physics and protection, and image evaluation. To be licensed in most states, radiologic technologists must have graduated from an accredited program and must pass a certification exam from the state or from The American Registry of (ARRT). Regional Completers in Radiologic Technology Programs The table below displays the number of program completers in the 2011-12 academic year at regional institutions offering Radiologic Technology programs. Including Chaffey College, there were 14 institutions offering certificates and two year degrees below the baccalaureate level across the four counties of interest. Institution Name < 1 year Certificate 1 to < 2 year Certificate Award Level Associate s Degree 2 to < 4 year Certificate Chaffey College -- -- 25 -- Antelope Valley College -- -- 8 -- Career Care Institute 86 -- -- -- Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science -- -- 22 -- Crafton Hills College -- -- 7 12 Cypress College 3 28 20 -- El Camino Community College District 9 -- 15 -- Kaplan College North Hollywood -- 108 -- -- Long Beach City College -- -- 18 15 Los Angeles City College -- -- 20 -- Modern Technology School -- 88 -- -- Mt. San Antonio College -- -- 19 -- Orange Coast College -- -- 22 -- Pasadena City College -- -- -- 20 Total 98 224 176 47 Note: -- indicates that this type of degree is not offered. 0 indicates that this degree/certificate level is offered but no degrees or certificates were granted. Source: National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, on the Internet at: http://www.nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/ (visited October 23, 2013) 1 Bureau of Labor Statistics, United States Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012-13 Edition, on the Internet at: http://www.bls.gov/oco/ (visited October 23, 2013). 10
Chaffey College s Performance on Core Indicators The Perkins IV Career and Technical Education Improvement Act of 2006 mandates that all state and local postsecondary institutions provide data on six core performance indicators for their career and technical education programs. These indicators are: 1) Technical Skill Attainment; 2) Completions; 3) Persistence and Transfer; 4) Employment; 5) Nontraditional Participation; and 6) Nontraditional Completion. Performance goals are set at the state and local levels and progress is monitored based on a comparison between the actual percentage of students who master each performance area and the negotiated levels of performance. 2011-2012 Chaffey College Performance on Core Indicators The table below displays negotiated and actual core performance indicator levels for all Chaffey College students classified under the Radiologic Technology TOP code. Chaffey students achieved above district and state negotiated levels on three of six core indicators: Technical Skill Attainment, Completions, and Employment. Core Performance Indicators Negotiated Level State District Chaffey College Performance Percent Above or Below District Negotiated Level Core 1 Technical Skill Attainment 88.83% 88.83% 100.00% 11.2 Core 2 Completions - Credential, Certificate, Degree, or Transfer Ready 82.15% 75.46% 100.00% 24.5 Core 3 Persistence and Transfer 85.80% 85.80% 81.16% -4.6 Core 4 Employment 81.62% 81.48% 95.65% 14.2 Core 5a Non-traditional Participation 22.20% 20.82% N/R N/R Core 5b Non-traditional Completions 25.00% 23.60% N/R N/R Note: N/R (Not Reported) indicates that no participants were reported. Source: CA Community Colleges Reporting Services, Radiologic Technology, College Core Indicator Information by 6-Digit TOP (2013-2014). 11