Community and School Based Disaster Preparedness Program in Aceh Province, Indonesia By: Prof. Zainal A. Muchlisin, Ph.D The Head of Center for Marine and Fisheries Studies (CMFS) & Senior Researcher of The Tsunami Disaster Management Research Center (TDMRC) Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh, Indonesia Email: muchlisinza@unsyiah.ac.id
SCHOOL BASED DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
BACKGROUND Tsunami mega disaster on 26 December 2004 has killed at least of 250,000 people and around 1 million people were displaced Most of the victims are women and children One of the main reasons caused the high victims is lack in disaster knowledge
Therefore, the knowledge of the people should be well prepared one of the method which possible to apply are by empowering social and educational institution in disaster mitigation
Why School? School is one of the social and educational institutions. If the tsunami 2004 happens on the school day, probably the victims of school children will be very high due to they are still not provisioning by knowledge on the disaster mitigation. Student (children) and women (teachers) can be panic easily. We assumed that student and teacher are easy to be trained. Student and teacher well trained in disaster knowledge and its will give multiplier effects to family and society generally
OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM To prepare students and teachers ready and able to face disaster (earthquake and tsunami), so that the victim will be decreased or omitted if disaster happen.
METHODOLOGY 1. Rapid Assessment: - Mapping risk - Potency To select the schools target 2. Coordination with local government and Indonesian Red Cross 3. Training of Trainer (TOT) for Teachers The training Model contains: - Introduction to disaster (types, causes and process) - Self risk mapping technique - Task force establishment - Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) for evacuation of respective school
Methodology, continued - The SOP contains: Job description of the teachers, student, parent, school security (if available), identified the safe places, evacuation routes etc. 4. Simulation or drilling Based on SOP 5. Workshop Monitoring & Evaluation
RESULTS Rapid assessment 26 schools >300 teachers >4000 pupils 4 districts (Banda Aceh, Aceh Besar, Aceh Jaya and Sabang)
Training of Trainer (TOT) The objective of the training is to improve knowledge of the teacher about disasters such as earthquake, tsunami, flood, volcano, social conflict etc. First aid practices Arrangement of Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) which will be come the school guidance in facing the disaster. Each teacher from the same school will arrange the SOP for his/her school.
TOT participants are presenting their standard operational procedure and evacuation map of their schools Participants drawing evacuation map of their school
Simulation or drilling The teachers practiced their SOP in each their school by involving all students (all class). Each school was provided with simple earthquake detector, microphones, and first aid equipments.
Actions in class rooms
Evacuation
First aid treatment
Workshop The workshop was done for 2 days in Banda Aceh and Sabang attended by all of involved teachers, principle of the schools, NGOs, student representatives and related officers. One of the recommendations from this workshop was this School Based Disaster Preparedness is recommended and proposed as a formal subject in school curricula.
Summary and outlook School Based Disaster Preparedness is the potential method to be developed as one intervention on disaster mitigation in Aceh, Indonesia A good response was achieved in Sabang that the Diknas of Kota Sabang has agreed to run this program regularly and they will propose budget to APBD and will negotiate with DPRD to get political support. However, there are some problems have been identified as an obstacle in implementation of the program such as limitation of budget and experts (facilitators). Should be included into formal school curriculum (extra or intra curricula)
COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER PREPAREDNESS A Case Program in Meuraxa Sub District, Banda Aceh City
Training for Village Task Force
Broken head 12 First Aid Training for Task Force
COMMUNITY DRILLS
DISASTER MITIGATION PROGRAM IN SYIAH KUALA UNIVERSITY
Optional Subject (2011 2015): Community Based Risk Reduction (2 Credit Points)
Starting 2016: Compulsory >Ilmu Alamiah dan Kebencanaan: Introduction to Natural and Disaster Science) > 2 Credit Points
Tsunami Disaster Research Center and Master of Science Study Program
Acknowledgements We would to acknowledge Aceh Partnership Foundation, Lapis-Ausaid, UNESCO, Germany Red Cross (GRC), IRC, Nippon Koei and Oxfam that support this program.
Thank you