M ETH O DE 1 : ETNO GRAFI E Studie dagelijkse leven, gedrag Kern antropologische methoden
Werkwijze H ypothesen testen in kleine groep Wetenschappelijk descriptief: detail Wetenschappelijk interpretatief: onderzoeker geeft betekenis aan detail Van bijzonder naar algemeen P
M alinowski, trobiand island, the final goal is to grasp the native s point of view, his relation to life, to realise his vision of his world ( M alinowski, 1 9 2 2 )
Dataverzameling Visueel /kwalitatief: video /photography, artefact /material culture collection, local model collection, passive and participant obser vation Verbaal /kwalitatief: oral histories, group interviews, archival and document collection, un -, semi structured inter views P
Participerende observatie: lange duur, natuurlijk deel van context, observeren fenomenen zoals ze zich ' natuurlijk ' voordoen > < business: sterk ingekorte methoden P
Relevantie? Radicaliserende en democratiserende invloed op praktijk en kritische blik op sociale interactie P
Xerox Parc: activity theor y, distributed knowledge objecten -subjecten -soft en hardware
H enry Dreyfuss, Design for People (1 9 5 5 ), Bell laboratories model 3 0 2 (1 9 3 7 ), single-lens reflex and litter -free instant camera the SX-7 0 (1 9 7 2 ), dieseltrein (1 9 7 3 ), anthropometrics Joe and Josephine
Wentworth, M aking Do and Getting by, 1 9 7 2 or Fulton Suri, Thoughtless Acts
Soorten design etnografie media Veldetnografie Foto-etnografie Etnofuturisme Personas Digitale etnografie
Veldetnografie, exploratieve stadia P
Foto etnografie: wanneer aanwezigheid onderzoeker moeilijk ligt, veel verwerking
Etnofuturisme: aspecten met voorspellende waarde, voorzichtigheid
Real world etnografische enactments: populair via M TV, duur
Personas: Cooper ' the inmates are running the asylum ', best met homogene publieken, gedetailleerde persoonsbeschrijvingen gebaseerd op echte mensen, marketing 8 0 ' s
Digitale etnografie: digitale of online tools
Contextual observation : periode in één ( werk ) context P
Contextual observation : the rules Preparation What is you research question? What is the activity (activities) you need to understand better? Around which things do these activities evolve? By whom are they performed (types of 'people')? Which types of people will you therefore select for observation and why? List the ways in which this participant is similar to other participants List the ways in which this participant is different from other participants What are the contexts in which these can be observed? Which type of contexts will you therefore select and why? What clues do these give you about the goals and priorities of the participant and the organisation? What media do you need to (create) to document the process and why? (video, notebook,...) During Observe the actions of persons around things in a context with the media of your choice. Analysis Can you list the 3 main themes or learnings that stood out from this observation? How will you document these contextual observations for the future? How will you transfer the ideas from these contextual observations to a next design phase? (drawing, verbal notations, videotaping,..)
I nter views in -depth, structured, semi structured : gekleurd, weinig tijd, gaten dichten
Verwerking Thick description ( Clifford Geertz ) Altijd zoveel mogelijk trascriberen en daarna beslissen hoeveel context je meeneemt Creatief zijn in hoe je verwerkt P
Portablefx, Rachel Strickland P
Understanding mobile contexts, Tamminen et al.
Anna Kirah : strange to technology, msn that surrounds, networked via dementia... P
Contextual observation Create your own etnographic method, from A to Z in 1 5 minutes Search partner : 1 5 minutes discussion Group discussion P