The interpretation of Latin predicative participles
|
|
- Jack Lawrence
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The interpretation of Latin predicative participles EALC Øyvind Strand
2 Predicative participles Dionysius Syracusis expulsus Dionysius:NOM Syracuse expell:prtc.perf.pass.nom Corinthi pueros docebat Corinth boys teach:impf.3.sgl After being expelled from Syracuse, Dionysius taught boys at Corinth (Cic.Tusc 3,27) Verbal adjuncts (converb) Express events that can stand in a number of different semantic relations with the matrix verb The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 3
3 Implicit subject (conjunct participle) Cupiditate regni adductus desire:abl kingship:gen drive:prtc.perf.pass.nom novis rebus studebat new:dat things:dat strived:impf.3.sg Driven by desire of the kingship, he was striving for a revolution (Caes. Gall 1.9.1) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 4
4 Explicit Subject (ablative absolute): oppidum paucis defendentibus town:acc few:abl defend:prtc.pres.act.abl expugnare non potuit take by storm:inf not:neg can:perf.3.sg He was not able to take the town by storm, though there were few to defend it (Caes. Gall ) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 5
5 Central questions: What semantic relations can participles be used to express? The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 6
6 Central questions: What semantic relations can participles be used to express? What factors influence or affects our interpretations? The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 7
7 Central questions: What semantic relations can participles be used to express? What factors influence or affects our interpretations? How frequent are the different interpretations? The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 8
8 Central questions: What semantic relations can participles be used to express? What factors influence or affects our interpretations? How frequent are the different interpretations? Are there any differences in interpretation between participles with an implicit vs. explicit subject? The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 9
9 The corpus: The third and fourth book of De bello gallico (The Gallic War) by Julius Caesar The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 10
10 The corpus: The third and fourth book of De bello gallico (The Gallic War) by Julius Caesar. Annotated for syntax and morphology in the PROIELproject The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 11
11 The corpus: The third and fourth book of De bello gallico (The Gallic War) by Julius Caesar. Annotated for syntax and morphology in the PROIELproject. 307 predicative participles in total (102 conjunct participles and 205 ablative absolutes) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 12
12 Thematic participles Germanico bello confecto Caesar German:ABL war.abl finished:prtc.perf.abl Caesar:NOM statuit sibi Rhenum esse transeundum decided self:dat Rhine be:inf cross.ger The German campaign thus finished, Caesar decided that he must cross the Rhine (Caes. Gall. 3,23,1) Syntax: Modify the sentence as a whole (Specifier of IP). Information structure: Given or inferable information. Semantics: Temporal, temporal-causal, causal, purpose, conditional, concessive, concessive-conditional The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 13
13 Rhematic participles Hos item cum conspexissent, subsecuti them likewise when see: PLP.SUBJ.3.PL follow:prtc.perf.pass.nom hostibus adpropinquaverunt enemy:dat approached:perf.3.pl And when they saw them, they likewise followed on and drew near to the enemy (Caes. Gall. 4,25,6). Syntax: More on level with the matrix verb (adjoined to I`). Information structure: New and independent information. Semantics: Narrative progression, contrast The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 14
14 Elaborative participles Nostri ad unum omnes incolumes perpaucis our:nom to one all:nom unharmed:nom few:abl vulneratis se in castra receperunt wound:prtc.perf.pass.abl self to camp returne:perf.3.pl Our men, with not a man lost and but few wounded, returned to camp (Caes. Gall. 4,15,3). Syntax: Modify the matrix verb alone (inside the I projection). Information structure: (usually) new, but dependent information. Semantics: Accompanying circumstances, manner, means, comparison The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 15
15 Thematic participles fall outside the scope of embeddings such as mood and negations: ne hac parte neglecta that not this:abl part:abl neglect:prtc.perf.abl reliquae nationes sibi:dat idem licere rest:nom nations:nom self same be allowed:inf arbitrarentur think:impf.subj.3.pl [ ]lest, if this district were neglected, the other nations might suppose they had the same liberty,. (Caes. Gall. 3,10,1) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 16
16 Rhematic participles fall inside the scope of embeddings such as mood and negation: nonnullae sententiae dicebantur ut some opinion say.impf.pass.3.pl that impedimentis relictis eruptione baggage.abl leave:prtc.perf.pass.abl sortie:abl facta ad salutem contenderent make:prtc.perf.pass.abl to safety strive.impf.subj.3.pl some expressed the opinion that they should abandon the baggage, make a sortie, and strive to win safety (Caes. Gall. 3,3,2) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 17
17 Elaborative participles are in the focus of negations: Non assidens et attente Not sit:prtc.prs.act.nom and attentively audiens, sed praeteriens listen:prtc.prs.act.nom but pass:prtc.prs.act.nom de oratore saepe iudicat of orator often judge:prs.3.sg [the intelligent critic] not by patient sitting and attentive listening, but in passing can often form a correct judgement of an orator (Cic. Brut.200) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 18
18 Infering the semantic relation: The different semantic relations can be ordered hierarchicly in terms of their cognitive or informational complexity (Kortmann 1991) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 19
19 Infering the semantic relation: The different semantic relations can be ordered hierarchicly in terms of their cognitive or informational complexity (Kortmann 1991). The more complex the relation, the more worldknowledge and/or linguistic information is required for the relation to be successfully inferred The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 20
20 Infering the semantic relation: The different semantic relations can be ordered hierarchicly in terms of their cognitive or informational complexity (Kortmann 1991). The more complex the relation, the more worldknowledge and/or linguistic information is required for the relation to be successfully inferred. The reciever will always try to maximize coherence and go for the most informative relation sanctioned by the context The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 21
21 Information hierarchy: Thematic participles Rhematic participles Elaborative participles Concessiveconditional Concessive Contrast Conditional Comparison Purpose Means Causal Temporal-causal Manner Temporal Narrative progression Acc. circumstance 22
22 Stative participles limited to express causal, concessive and accompanying circumstances relations: et cognita Gallorum infirmitate and know:prtc.perf.pass.abl Gauls weakness:abl quantum hostes auctoritatis essent consecuti how much enemy.nom authority be acquire sentiebat. apprehend:impf.3.sg Knowing as he did the fickleness of the Gauls, he apprehended how much influence the enemy had already acquired (Caes.Gall. 4,13,2) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 23
23 Conditional and concessive-conditional interpretations limited to non-factual contexts where the matrix verb is modal, in the subjunctive/future mood or expressing iterativity. ab aestu relictae nihil saxa et from tide leave.prtc.perf.pass.nom nothing rock and cotes timerent:impf.subj.3.pl cragfear [ ] if (whenever) left by the tide, they had no fear of rocks or crags (Caes.Gall. 3,13,9) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 24
24 Other sentence level factors: Lexical semantics: Causal interpretations typically (ca. 75%) found with participles expressing mental states or conditions like e.g veritus (fearing), adductus (driven) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 25
25 Other sentence level factors: Lexical semantics: Causal interpretations typically (ca. 75%) found with participles expressing mental states or conditions like e.g veritus (fearing), adductus (driven). Agent coreference: The relations manner, means and purpose require that the agent of the participle is coreferent with the subject of the main verb The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 26
26 Temporal and temporal-causal interpretations are typically found in contexts where there is a thematic break in the story: ([ ]in Sotiatum fines exercitum introduxit.) Cuius adventu cognito Sotiates his arrival:abl know:prtc.perf.pass.abl Sotiates:NOM proelium commiserunt battle join:perf.3.pl (he [Caesar] led the army into the territories of the Sotiates) Hearing of his arrival, [ ] the Sotiates joined battle The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 27
27 % of CP % of AA Thematic: 53,9% 67,8% Concessive-conditional - 0,5% Concessive - 2% Conditional 1% 4,9% Causal 28,4% 3,4% Temporal-causal 13,7% 18% Temporal 10,8% 39% Rhematic: 33,3% 24,9% Contrast 3,9% 0,5% Narrative progression 29,4% 24,4% Elaborative: 12,7% 7,3% Means - 3,4% Acc.circumstance 12,7% 3,9% The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 28
28 Distribution of the different interpretaions: According to Kortmann (1995), there is a general tendency that in languages that have both constructions converbs with an explicit subject will predominantly express relations on the lower part of the information hierarchy, while converbs with an implicit subject to a much larger degree also will be used to express relations on the upper part of the hierarchy The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 29
29 Distribution of the different interpretaions: According to Kortmann (1995), there is a general tendency that in languages that have both constructions converbs with an explicit subject will predominantly express relations on the lower part of the information hierarchy, while converbs with an implicit subject to a much larger degree also will be used to express relations on the upper part of the hierarchy. In Latin the other way around? The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 30
30 CP (102) AA (205) Thematic: 28,4% (55) 71,6% (139) Concessive-conditional - 100% (1) Concessive - 100% (4) Conditional 9,1% (1) 90,9% (10) Causal 80,5% (29) 19,5% (7) Temporal-causal 27,4% (14) 72,6% (37) Temporal 12,1% (11) 87,9% (80) Rhematic: 40% (34) 60% (51) Contrast 80% (4) 20% (1) Narrative progression 37,5% (30) 62,5% (50) Elaborative: 46,4% (13) 53,6% (15) Means - 100% (7) Acc.circumstance 61,9% (13) 38,1% (8) The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 31
31 The function of the absolute Absolute constructions seem to have a wider function and express more complex semantic relations in Latin than in other languages The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 32
32 The function of the absolute Absolute constructions seem to have a wider function and express more complex semantic relations in Latin than in other languages. Ablative absolute construction used as a substitute for a lacking perfective active participle The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 33
33 Summary Latin predicative participles can fill three different syntactic functions that correspond with different sets of possible interpretations and different roles in the information structure of the sentence The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 34
34 Summary Latin predicative participles can fill three different syntactic functions that correspond with different sets of possible interpretations and different roles in the information structure of the sentence. Besides pragmatic inferences based on general worldknowledge and contextual given information, factors like the actionality of the participle, the mood/tense of the matrix verb, the lexical semantics of the participle, restrictions on agent coreference and thematic breaks can further restrict the set of potential interpretations The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 35
35 Summary In De bello gallico relations low on the hierarchy like temporal, temporal-causal, causal, narrative progression and accompanying circumstances are by far the most frequent (ca. 90%), and there are few occurences of the more complex relations The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 36
36 Summary In De bello gallico relations low on the hierarchy like temporal, temporal-causal, causal, narrative progression and accompanying circumstances are by far the most frequent (ca. 90%), and there are few occurences of the more complex relations. The participle with an explicit subject seems to play a greater role in latin than in other languages and this must probably be seen in light of the fact that Latin lacks a perfective active participle and therefore resorts to the ablative absolute as a substitute The interpretation of Latin predicative participles, EALC 2012, Øyvind Strand 37
CX 101/201/301 Latin Language and Literature 2015/16
The University of Warwick Department of Classics and Ancient History CX 101/201/301 Latin Language and Literature 2015/16 Module tutor: Clive Letchford Humanities Building 2.21 c.a.letchford@warwick.ac.uk
More informationApproaches to control phenomena handout Obligatory control and morphological case: Icelandic and Basque
Approaches to control phenomena handout 6 5.4 Obligatory control and morphological case: Icelandic and Basque Icelandinc quirky case (displaying properties of both structural and inherent case: lexically
More informationArgument structure and theta roles
Argument structure and theta roles Introduction to Syntax, EGG Summer School 2017 András Bárány ab155@soas.ac.uk 26 July 2017 Overview Where we left off Arguments and theta roles Some consequences of theta
More informationIntroduction to HPSG. Introduction. Historical Overview. The HPSG architecture. Signature. Linguistic Objects. Descriptions.
to as a linguistic theory to to a member of the family of linguistic frameworks that are called generative grammars a grammar which is formalized to a high degree and thus makes exact predictions about
More informationCh VI- SENTENCE PATTERNS.
Ch VI- SENTENCE PATTERNS faizrisd@gmail.com www.pakfaizal.com It is a common fact that in the making of well-formed sentences we badly need several syntactic devices used to link together words by means
More informationProgram Matrix - Reading English 6-12 (DOE Code 398) University of Florida. Reading
Program Requirements Competency 1: Foundations of Instruction 60 In-service Hours Teachers will develop substantive understanding of six components of reading as a process: comprehension, oral language,
More informationControl and Boundedness
Control and Boundedness Having eliminated rules, we would expect constructions to follow from the lexical categories (of heads and specifiers of syntactic constructions) alone. Combinatory syntax simply
More informationELD CELDT 5 EDGE Level C Curriculum Guide LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT VOCABULARY COMMON WRITING PROJECT. ToolKit
Unit 1 Language Development Express Ideas and Opinions Ask for and Give Information Engage in Discussion ELD CELDT 5 EDGE Level C Curriculum Guide 20132014 Sentences Reflective Essay August 12 th September
More informationConstraining X-Bar: Theta Theory
Constraining X-Bar: Theta Theory Carnie, 2013, chapter 8 Kofi K. Saah 1 Learning objectives Distinguish between thematic relation and theta role. Identify the thematic relations agent, theme, goal, source,
More informationToday we examine the distribution of infinitival clauses, which can be
Infinitival Clauses Today we examine the distribution of infinitival clauses, which can be a) the subject of a main clause (1) [to vote for oneself] is objectionable (2) It is objectionable to vote for
More informationCompositional Semantics
Compositional Semantics CMSC 723 / LING 723 / INST 725 MARINE CARPUAT marine@cs.umd.edu Words, bag of words Sequences Trees Meaning Representing Meaning An important goal of NLP/AI: convert natural language
More informationFlorida Reading Endorsement Alignment Matrix Competency 1
Florida Reading Endorsement Alignment Matrix Competency 1 Reading Endorsement Guiding Principle: Teachers will understand and teach reading as an ongoing strategic process resulting in students comprehending
More informationCase government vs Case agreement: modelling Modern Greek case attraction phenomena in LFG
Case government vs Case agreement: modelling Modern Greek case attraction phenomena in LFG Dr. Kakia Chatsiou, University of Essex achats at essex.ac.uk Explorations in Syntactic Government and Subcategorisation,
More informationThe Strong Minimalist Thesis and Bounded Optimality
The Strong Minimalist Thesis and Bounded Optimality DRAFT-IN-PROGRESS; SEND COMMENTS TO RICKL@UMICH.EDU Richard L. Lewis Department of Psychology University of Michigan 27 March 2010 1 Purpose of this
More informationDerivational and Inflectional Morphemes in Pak-Pak Language
Derivational and Inflectional Morphemes in Pak-Pak Language Agustina Situmorang and Tima Mariany Arifin ABSTRACT The objectives of this study are to find out the derivational and inflectional morphemes
More informationAdvanced Grammar in Use
Advanced Grammar in Use A self-study reference and practice book for advanced learners of English Third Edition with answers and CD-ROM cambridge university press cambridge, new york, melbourne, madrid,
More informationUnderlying and Surface Grammatical Relations in Greek consider
0 Underlying and Surface Grammatical Relations in Greek consider Sentences Brian D. Joseph The Ohio State University Abbreviated Title Grammatical Relations in Greek consider Sentences Brian D. Joseph
More informationInleiding Taalkunde. Docent: Paola Monachesi. Blok 4, 2001/ Syntax 2. 2 Phrases and constituent structure 2. 3 A minigrammar of Italian 3
Inleiding Taalkunde Docent: Paola Monachesi Blok 4, 2001/2002 Contents 1 Syntax 2 2 Phrases and constituent structure 2 3 A minigrammar of Italian 3 4 Trees 3 5 Developing an Italian lexicon 4 6 S(emantic)-selection
More informationENGBG1 ENGBL1 Campus Linguistics. Meeting 2. Chapter 7 (Morphology) and chapter 9 (Syntax) Pia Sundqvist
Meeting 2 Chapter 7 (Morphology) and chapter 9 (Syntax) Today s agenda Repetition of meeting 1 Mini-lecture on morphology Seminar on chapter 7, worksheet Mini-lecture on syntax Seminar on chapter 9, worksheet
More informationCalifornia Department of Education English Language Development Standards for Grade 8
Section 1: Goal, Critical Principles, and Overview Goal: English learners read, analyze, interpret, and create a variety of literary and informational text types. They develop an understanding of how language
More informationBasic Syntax. Doug Arnold We review some basic grammatical ideas and terminology, and look at some common constructions in English.
Basic Syntax Doug Arnold doug@essex.ac.uk We review some basic grammatical ideas and terminology, and look at some common constructions in English. 1 Categories 1.1 Word level (lexical and functional)
More informationConstruction Grammar. University of Jena.
Construction Grammar Holger Diessel University of Jena holger.diessel@uni-jena.de http://www.holger-diessel.de/ Words seem to have a prototype structure; but language does not only consist of words. What
More information5. UPPER INTERMEDIATE
Triolearn General Programmes adapt the standards and the Qualifications of Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) and Cambridge ESOL. It is designed to be compatible to the local and the regional
More informationA Computational Evaluation of Case-Assignment Algorithms
A Computational Evaluation of Case-Assignment Algorithms Miles Calabresi Advisors: Bob Frank and Jim Wood Submitted to the faculty of the Department of Linguistics in partial fulfillment of the requirements
More informationUpdate on Soar-based language processing
Update on Soar-based language processing Deryle Lonsdale (and the rest of the BYU NL-Soar Research Group) BYU Linguistics lonz@byu.edu Soar 2006 1 NL-Soar Soar 2006 2 NL-Soar developments Discourse/robotic
More informationContext-Sensitive Bidirectional OT: a New Approach to Russian Aspect
Workshop on Bidirectional OT, Berlin, May 5 th 2007 Atle Grønn, University of Oslo atle.gronn@ilos.uio.no Context-Sensitive Bidirectional OT: a New Approach to Russian Aspect 1. Aspects as temporal inclusion
More informationa) analyse sentences, so you know what s going on and how to use that information to help you find the answer.
Tip Sheet I m going to show you how to deal with ten of the most typical aspects of English grammar that are tested on the CAE Use of English paper, part 4. Of course, there are many other grammar points
More informationKorean ECM Constructions and Cyclic Linearization
Korean ECM Constructions and Cyclic Linearization DONGWOO PARK University of Maryland, College Park 1 Introduction One of the peculiar properties of the Korean Exceptional Case Marking (ECM) constructions
More informationDeveloping a TT-MCTAG for German with an RCG-based Parser
Developing a TT-MCTAG for German with an RCG-based Parser Laura Kallmeyer, Timm Lichte, Wolfgang Maier, Yannick Parmentier, Johannes Dellert University of Tübingen, Germany CNRS-LORIA, France LREC 2008,
More informationA Minimalist Approach to Code-Switching. In the field of linguistics, the topic of bilingualism is a broad one. There are many
Schmidt 1 Eric Schmidt Prof. Suzanne Flynn Linguistic Study of Bilingualism December 13, 2013 A Minimalist Approach to Code-Switching In the field of linguistics, the topic of bilingualism is a broad one.
More informationProcedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 154 ( 2014 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 154 ( 2014 ) 263 267 THE XXV ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC CONFERENCE, LANGUAGE AND CULTURE, 20-22 October
More informationHindi-Urdu Phrase Structure Annotation
Hindi-Urdu Phrase Structure Annotation Rajesh Bhatt and Owen Rambow January 12, 2009 1 Design Principle: Minimal Commitments Binary Branching Representations. Mostly lexical projections (P,, AP, AdvP)
More informationcambridge occasional papers in linguistics Volume 8, Article 3: 41 55, 2015 ISSN
C O P i L cambridge occasional papers in linguistics Volume 8, Article 3: 41 55, 2015 ISSN 2050-5949 THE DYNAMICS OF STRUCTURE BUILDING IN RANGI: AT THE SYNTAX-SEMANTICS INTERFACE H a n n a h G i b s o
More informationIntension, Attitude, and Tense Annotation in a High-Fidelity Semantic Representation
Intension, Attitude, and Tense Annotation in a High-Fidelity Semantic Representation Gene Kim and Lenhart Schubert Presented by: Gene Kim April 2017 Project Overview Project: Annotate a large, topically
More informationIntra-talker Variation: Audience Design Factors Affecting Lexical Selections
Tyler Perrachione LING 451-0 Proseminar in Sound Structure Prof. A. Bradlow 17 March 2006 Intra-talker Variation: Audience Design Factors Affecting Lexical Selections Abstract Although the acoustic and
More informationSocial Emotional Learning in High School: How Three Urban High Schools Engage, Educate, and Empower Youth
SCOPE ~ Executive Summary Social Emotional Learning in High School: How Three Urban High Schools Engage, Educate, and Empower Youth By MarYam G. Hamedani and Linda Darling-Hammond About This Series Findings
More informationTheoretical Syntax Winter Answers to practice problems
Linguistics 325 Sturman Theoretical Syntax Winter 2017 Answers to practice problems 1. Draw trees for the following English sentences. a. I have not been running in the mornings. 1 b. Joel frequently sings
More informationMaximizing Learning Through Course Alignment and Experience with Different Types of Knowledge
Innov High Educ (2009) 34:93 103 DOI 10.1007/s10755-009-9095-2 Maximizing Learning Through Course Alignment and Experience with Different Types of Knowledge Phyllis Blumberg Published online: 3 February
More informationPseudo-Passives as Adjectival Passives
Pseudo-Passives as Adjectival Passives Kwang-sup Kim Hankuk University of Foreign Studies English Department 81 Oedae-lo Cheoin-Gu Yongin-City 449-791 Republic of Korea kwangsup@hufs.ac.kr Abstract The
More informationLanguage Acquisition Fall 2010/Winter Lexical Categories. Afra Alishahi, Heiner Drenhaus
Language Acquisition Fall 2010/Winter 2011 Lexical Categories Afra Alishahi, Heiner Drenhaus Computational Linguistics and Phonetics Saarland University Children s Sensitivity to Lexical Categories Look,
More informationInformatics 2A: Language Complexity and the. Inf2A: Chomsky Hierarchy
Informatics 2A: Language Complexity and the Chomsky Hierarchy September 28, 2010 Starter 1 Is there a finite state machine that recognises all those strings s from the alphabet {a, b} where the difference
More informationLEXICAL COHESION ANALYSIS OF THE ARTICLE WHAT IS A GOOD RESEARCH PROJECT? BY BRIAN PALTRIDGE A JOURNAL ARTICLE
LEXICAL COHESION ANALYSIS OF THE ARTICLE WHAT IS A GOOD RESEARCH PROJECT? BY BRIAN PALTRIDGE A JOURNAL ARTICLE Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra (S.S.)
More informationSemantic Inference at the Lexical-Syntactic Level for Textual Entailment Recognition
Semantic Inference at the Lexical-Syntactic Level for Textual Entailment Recognition Roy Bar-Haim,Ido Dagan, Iddo Greental, Idan Szpektor and Moshe Friedman Computer Science Department, Bar-Ilan University,
More informationEnglish Language and Applied Linguistics. Module Descriptions 2017/18
English Language and Applied Linguistics Module Descriptions 2017/18 Level I (i.e. 2 nd Yr.) Modules Please be aware that all modules are subject to availability. If you have any questions about the modules,
More information- «Crede Experto:,,,». 2 (09) (http://ce.if-mstuca.ru) '36
- «Crede Experto:,,,». 2 (09). 2016 (http://ce.if-mstuca.ru) 811.512.122'36 Ш163.24-2 505.. е е ы, Қ х Ц Ь ғ ғ ғ,,, ғ ғ ғ, ғ ғ,,, ғ че ые :,,,, -, ғ ғ ғ, 2016 D. A. Alkebaeva Almaty, Kazakhstan NOUTIONS
More informationAgree or Move? On Partial Control Anna Snarska, Adam Mickiewicz University
PLM, 14 September 2007 Agree or Move? On Partial Control Anna Snarska, Adam Mickiewicz University 1. Introduction While in the history of generative grammar the distinction between Obligatory Control (OC)
More informationSpecification and Evaluation of Machine Translation Toy Systems - Criteria for laboratory assignments
Specification and Evaluation of Machine Translation Toy Systems - Criteria for laboratory assignments Cristina Vertan, Walther v. Hahn University of Hamburg, Natural Language Systems Division Hamburg,
More informationDid they acquire? Or were they taught?
ISLL, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 13/05/2011 Did they acquire? Or were they taught? A Framework for Investigating the Effects and Effect(ivenes)s of Instruction in Second Language Acquisition Alex Housen University
More informationDerivational: Inflectional: In a fit of rage the soldiers attacked them both that week, but lost the fight.
Final Exam (120 points) Click on the yellow balloons below to see the answers I. Short Answer (32pts) 1. (6) The sentence The kinder teachers made sure that the students comprehended the testable material
More informationTEACHING AND EXAMINATION REGULATIONS PART B: programme-specific section MASTER S PROGRAMME IN LOGIC
UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM FACULTY OF SCIENCE TEACHING AND EXAMINATION REGULATIONS PART B: programme-specific section Academic year 2017-2018 MASTER S PROGRAMME IN LOGIC Chapter 1 Article 1.1 Article 1.2
More informationGetting the Story Right: Making Computer-Generated Stories More Entertaining
Getting the Story Right: Making Computer-Generated Stories More Entertaining K. Oinonen, M. Theune, A. Nijholt, and D. Heylen University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands {k.oinonen
More informationThe College Board Redesigned SAT Grade 12
A Correlation of, 2017 To the Redesigned SAT Introduction This document demonstrates how myperspectives English Language Arts meets the Reading, Writing and Language and Essay Domains of Redesigned SAT.
More informationAn Introduction to the Minimalist Program
An Introduction to the Minimalist Program Luke Smith University of Arizona Summer 2016 Some findings of traditional syntax Human languages vary greatly, but digging deeper, they all have distinct commonalities:
More informationVisual CP Representation of Knowledge
Visual CP Representation of Knowledge Heather D. Pfeiffer and Roger T. Hartley Department of Computer Science New Mexico State University Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA email: hdp@cs.nmsu.edu and rth@cs.nmsu.edu
More informationCS 598 Natural Language Processing
CS 598 Natural Language Processing Natural language is everywhere Natural language is everywhere Natural language is everywhere Natural language is everywhere!"#$%&'&()*+,-./012 34*5665756638/9:;< =>?@ABCDEFGHIJ5KL@
More informationRubric for Scoring English 1 Unit 1, Rhetorical Analysis
FYE Program at Marquette University Rubric for Scoring English 1 Unit 1, Rhetorical Analysis Writing Conventions INTEGRATING SOURCE MATERIAL 3 Proficient Outcome Effectively expresses purpose in the introduction
More informationNatural Language Processing. George Konidaris
Natural Language Processing George Konidaris gdk@cs.brown.edu Fall 2017 Natural Language Processing Understanding spoken/written sentences in a natural language. Major area of research in AI. Why? Humans
More informationSom and Optimality Theory
Som and Optimality Theory This article argues that the difference between English and Norwegian with respect to the presence of a complementizer in embedded subject questions is attributable to a larger
More informationThe Structure of Relative Clauses in Maay Maay By Elly Zimmer
I Introduction A. Goals of this study The Structure of Relative Clauses in Maay Maay By Elly Zimmer 1. Provide a basic documentation of Maay Maay relative clauses First time this structure has ever been
More informationUKLO Round Advanced solutions and marking schemes. 6 The long and short of English verbs [15 marks]
UKLO Round 1 2013 Advanced solutions and marking schemes [Remember: the marker assigns points which the spreadsheet converts to marks.] [No questions 1-4 at Advanced level.] 5 Bulgarian [15 marks] 12 points:
More informationThe Keele University Skills Portfolio Personal Tutor Guide
The Keele University Skills Portfolio Personal Tutor Guide Accredited by the Institute of Leadership and Management Updated for the 2016-2017 Academic Year Contents Introduction 2 1. The purpose of this
More informationWeave the Critical Literacy Strands and Build Student Confidence to Read! Part 2
Weave the Critical Literacy Strands and Build Student Confidence to Read! Part 2 Jenny W. Hamilton jenny.hamilton@voyagersopris.com VSLWebinars@voyagersopris.com www.voyagersopriswebinars.com www.facebook.com/voyagersopris
More informationThe Four Principal Parts of Verbs. The building blocks of all verb tenses.
The Four Principal Parts of Verbs The building blocks of all verb tenses. The Four Principal Parts Every verb has four principal parts: walk is walking walked has walked Notice that the and the both have
More informationAGENDA LEARNING THEORIES LEARNING THEORIES. Advanced Learning Theories 2/22/2016
AGENDA Advanced Learning Theories Alejandra J. Magana, Ph.D. admagana@purdue.edu Introduction to Learning Theories Role of Learning Theories and Frameworks Learning Design Research Design Dual Coding Theory
More informationA Grammar for Battle Management Language
Bastian Haarmann 1 Dr. Ulrich Schade 1 Dr. Michael R. Hieb 2 1 Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics 2 George Mason University bastian.haarmann@fkie.fraunhofer.de
More informationarxiv: v1 [cs.cl] 2 Apr 2017
Word-Alignment-Based Segment-Level Machine Translation Evaluation using Word Embeddings Junki Matsuo and Mamoru Komachi Graduate School of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan matsuo-junki@ed.tmu.ac.jp,
More informationMy first english teacher essay. To teacher first on research andor english, simply order an essay from us..
My first english teacher essay. To teacher first on research andor english, simply order an essay from us.. My first english teacher essay >>>CLICK HERE
More informationCAS LX 522 Syntax I. Long-distance wh-movement. Long distance wh-movement. Islands. Islands. Locality. NP Sea. NP Sea
19 CAS LX 522 Syntax I wh-movement and locality (9.1-9.3) Long-distance wh-movement What did Hurley say [ CP he was writing ]? This is a question: The highest C has a [Q] (=[clause-type:q]) feature and
More informationChapter 4: Valence & Agreement CSLI Publications
Chapter 4: Valence & Agreement Reminder: Where We Are Simple CFG doesn t allow us to cross-classify categories, e.g., verbs can be grouped by transitivity (deny vs. disappear) or by number (deny vs. denies).
More informationDigital Fabrication and Aunt Sarah: Enabling Quadratic Explorations via Technology. Michael L. Connell University of Houston - Downtown
Digital Fabrication and Aunt Sarah: Enabling Quadratic Explorations via Technology Michael L. Connell University of Houston - Downtown Sergei Abramovich State University of New York at Potsdam Introduction
More informationThe Discourse Anaphoric Properties of Connectives
The Discourse Anaphoric Properties of Connectives Cassandre Creswell, Kate Forbes, Eleni Miltsakaki, Rashmi Prasad, Aravind Joshi Λ, Bonnie Webber y Λ University of Pennsylvania 3401 Walnut Street Philadelphia,
More informationA non-profit educational institution dedicated to making the world a better place to live
NAPOLEON HILL FOUNDATION A non-profit educational institution dedicated to making the world a better place to live YOUR SUCCESS PROFILE QUESTIONNAIRE You must answer these 75 questions honestly if you
More informationSEMAFOR: Frame Argument Resolution with Log-Linear Models
SEMAFOR: Frame Argument Resolution with Log-Linear Models Desai Chen or, The Case of the Missing Arguments Nathan Schneider SemEval July 16, 2010 Dipanjan Das School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon
More informationIntensive English Program Southwest College
Intensive English Program Southwest College ESOL 0352 Advanced Intermediate Grammar for Foreign Speakers CRN 55661-- Summer 2015 Gulfton Center Room 114 11:00 2:45 Mon. Fri. 3 hours lecture / 2 hours lab
More informationPAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT If sub mission ins not a book, cite appropriate location(s))
Ohio Academic Content Standards Grade Level Indicators (Grade 11) A. ACQUISITION OF VOCABULARY Students acquire vocabulary through exposure to language-rich situations, such as reading books and other
More informationProgressive Aspect in Nigerian English
ISLE 2011 17 June 2011 1 New Englishes Empirical Studies Aspect in Nigerian Languages 2 3 Nigerian English Other New Englishes Explanations Progressive Aspect in New Englishes New Englishes Empirical Studies
More informationSYSTEM ENTITY STRUCTUURE ONTOLOGICAL DATA FUSION PROCESS INTEGRAGTED WITH C2 SYSTEMS
SYSTEM ENTITY STRUCTUURE ONTOLOGICAL DATA FUSION PROCESS INTEGRAGTED WITH C2 SYSTEMS Hojun Lee Bernard P. Zeigler Arizona Center for Integrative Modeling and Simulation (ACIMS) Electrical and Computer
More informationAuthentically embedding Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander peoples, cultures and histories in learning programs.
Authentically embedding Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander peoples, cultures and histories in learning programs. Learning Intention What is the purpose of this learning session? Teaching and learning
More informationMOTION PICTURE ANALYSIS FIRST READING (VIEWING)
MOTION PICTURE ANALYSIS FIRST READING (VIEWING) Look at the motion picture: Describe the character, scene, setting, or element that had the biggest effect on you. Describe how your answer above made you
More informationProbabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis
Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis Thomas Hofmann Presentation by Ioannis Pavlopoulos & Andreas Damianou for the course of Data Mining & Exploration 1 Outline Latent Semantic Analysis o Need o Overview
More informationParticipate in expanded conversations and respond appropriately to a variety of conversational prompts
Students continue their study of German by further expanding their knowledge of key vocabulary topics and grammar concepts. Students not only begin to comprehend listening and reading passages more fully,
More informationDescribing Motion Events in Adult L2 Spanish Narratives
Describing Motion Events in Adult L2 Spanish Narratives Samuel Navarro and Elena Nicoladis University of Alberta 1. Introduction When learning a second language (L2), learners are faced with the challenge
More informationLinguistic Variation across Sports Category of Press Reportage from British Newspapers: a Diachronic Multidimensional Analysis
International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences (IJAHSS) Volume 1 Issue 1 ǁ August 216. www.ijahss.com Linguistic Variation across Sports Category of Press Reportage from British Newspapers:
More informationHow to analyze visual narratives: A tutorial in Visual Narrative Grammar
How to analyze visual narratives: A tutorial in Visual Narrative Grammar Neil Cohn 2015 neilcohn@visuallanguagelab.com www.visuallanguagelab.com Abstract Recent work has argued that narrative sequential
More informationLanguage Acquisition Chart
Language Acquisition Chart This chart was designed to help teachers better understand the process of second language acquisition. Please use this chart as a resource for learning more about the way people
More informationPossessive have and (have) got in New Zealand English Heidi Quinn, University of Canterbury, New Zealand
1 Introduction Possessive have and (have) got in New Zealand English Heidi Quinn, University of Canterbury, New Zealand heidi.quinn@canterbury.ac.nz NWAV 33, Ann Arbor 1 October 24 This paper looks at
More informationMYP Language A Course Outline Year 3
Course Description: The fundamental piece to learning, thinking, communicating, and reflecting is language. Language A seeks to further develop six key skill areas: listening, speaking, reading, writing,
More informationSemi-supervised methods of text processing, and an application to medical concept extraction. Yacine Jernite Text-as-Data series September 17.
Semi-supervised methods of text processing, and an application to medical concept extraction Yacine Jernite Text-as-Data series September 17. 2015 What do we want from text? 1. Extract information 2. Link
More informationWindows 7 home premium free download 32 bit with key. The adverb always follows the verb. Need even more information..
Windows 7 home premium free download 32 bit with key. The adverb always follows the verb. Need even more information.. Windows 7 home premium free download 32 bit with key >>>CLICK HERE
More informationPROPOSED MERGER - RESPONSE TO PUBLIC CONSULTATION
PROPOSED MERGER - RESPONSE TO PUBLIC CONSULTATION Paston Sixth Form College and City College Norwich Vision for the future of outstanding Post-16 Education in North East Norfolk Date of Issue: 22 September
More information21st Century Community Learning Center
21st Century Community Learning Center Grant Overview This Request for Proposal (RFP) is designed to distribute funds to qualified applicants pursuant to Title IV, Part B, of the Elementary and Secondary
More informationAnnotation Guidelines for Rhetorical Structure
Annotation Guidelines for Rhetorical Structure Manfred Stede University of Potsdam stede@uni-potsdam.de Debopam Das University of Potsdam debdas@uni-potsdam.de Version 1.0 (March 2017) Maite Taboada Simon
More informationBeyond constructions:
2 nd NTU Workshop on Discourse and Grammar in Formosan Languages National Taiwan University, 1 June 2013 Beyond constructions: Takivatan Bunun predicate-argument structure, grammatical coherence, and the
More informationOntological spine, localization and multilingual access
Start Ontological spine, localization and multilingual access Some reflections and a proposal New Perspectives on Subject Indexing and Classification in an International Context International Symposium
More informationDissertation Summaries. The Acquisition of Aspect and Motion Verbs in the Native Language (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 2014)
brill.com/jgl Dissertation Summaries The Acquisition of Aspect and Motion Verbs in the Native Language (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 2014) Maria Kotroni Aristotle University of Thessaloniki mkotroni@hotmail.com
More informationBot 2 Scoring Manual Download or Read Online ebook bot 2 scoring manual in PDF Format From The Best User Guide Database
Bot 2 Scoring Manual Free PDF ebook Download: Bot 2 Scoring Manual Download or Read Online ebook bot 2 scoring manual in PDF Format From The Best User Guide Database Handout 4.1: SLO Scoring Template and
More informationChapter 3: Semi-lexical categories. nor truly functional. As Corver and van Riemsdijk rightly point out, There is more
Chapter 3: Semi-lexical categories 0 Introduction While lexical and functional categories are central to current approaches to syntax, it has been noticed that not all categories fit perfectly into this
More informationDepartment of Anthropology ANTH 1027A/001: Introduction to Linguistics Dr. Olga Kharytonava Course Outline Fall 2017
Department of Anthropology ANTH 1027A/001: Introduction to Linguistics Dr. Olga Kharytonava Course Outline Fall 2017 Lectures: Tuesdays 11:30 am - 1:30 pm, SEB-1059 Tutorials: Thursdays: Section 002 2:30-3:30pm
More informationFrequency and pragmatically unmarked word order *
Frequency and pragmatically unmarked word order * Matthew S. Dryer SUNY at Buffalo 1. Introduction Discussions of word order in languages with flexible word order in which different word orders are grammatical
More informationNavitas UK Holdings Ltd Embedded College Review for Educational Oversight by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education
Navitas UK Holdings Ltd Embedded College Review for Educational Oversight by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education February 2014 Annex: Birmingham City University International College Introduction
More information