CONTENT STANDARD 1. READING Students use the reading process to demonstrate understanding of literary and informational texts. BENCHMARK GRADE 11 I. Students use the reading process to apply a variety of comprehension strategies before, during, and after reading. A. Students demonstrate understanding in their reading of grade-appropriate texts based on a variety of text features, such as evidence presented, text format, and use of language including: 1. Literal comprehension (main idea, summarizing, paraphrasing) and 2. Inferential comprehension (prediction, cause/effect, compare/contrast, drawing conclusions). SE/TE: Recognizing main idea/supporting details, 1251; Identifying main idea in test passage, 1363; Summarizing, 85, 88, 90, 93, 97, 1045; Paraphrasing, 179, 183 SE/TE: Inferring, 191, 194, 196, 202, 203, 206, 217, 974, 976, 978, 979, 981, 985, 988, 993, 998, 1231, 1234, 1235, 1236, 1238, 1239, 1241, 1245, 1247, 1289, 1296, 1297; Predict, 1334; Drawing Conclusions, 789, 790, 795, 1117, 1118, 1120, 1123;Critical Reading: Draw Conclusions, 24, 32, 43, 50, 110, 140, 207, 216, 226, 290, 322, 408, 432, 524, 671, 736, 784, 794, 893, 912, 971, 1022, 1132, 1147, 1153, 1246, 1260, 1281, 1306, 1313; Critical Viewing: Draw Conclusions, 1054, 1094, 1163, 1293; Comparing Literary Works, 71, 111, 141, 183, 217, 271, 291, 303, 323, 419, 619, 649, 737, 795, 881, 895, 937, 1155, 1271, 1285, 1297, 1315, 1335, 1349; Comparing and Contrasting, 769, 773, 774, 780, 781, 783, 785, 1127, 1131, 1133; Identifying cause and effect, 1161, 1169; also see: Questioning, cause and effect, 265, 266, 271; Test-taking: for cause-and-effect relationships, 343 1
B. Students use a range of strategies (using word origins; understanding multiple meanings; inferring meaning from context; inferring literal, figurative, and technical meanings; understanding technical and subject-specific words; interpreting allusions, such as to mythology or American and British literary works) to develop vocabulary. SE/TE: Vocabulary Builder, 37, 59, 77, 85, 101, 129, 179, 191, 221, 265, 279, 297, 307, 319, 364, 413, 423, 439, 467, 502, 535, 551, 559, 599, 629, 657, 674, 729, 743, 757, 769, 789, 801, 845, 875, 885, 905, 941, 1000, 1065, 1117, 1145, 1161, 1219, 1231, 1253, 1279, 1289, 1301, 1311, 1323, 1341; Vocabulary Lesson, 52, 72, 82, 98, 112, 142, 184, 218, 228, 272, 292, 304, 314, 324, 420, 434, 458, 501, 526, 548, 556, 568, 620, 650, 673, 692, 738, 752, 766, 786, 796, 808, 864, 882, 896, 938, 973, 999, 1024, 1110, 1124, 1134, 1156, 1212, 1228, 1248, 1272, 1286, 1298, 1308, 1316, 1336, 1350 II. Students demonstrate an understanding of literary texts. A. Students read a variety of literary SE/TE: Literature of the Ancient Worlds, 2, genres from American literature and 14, 18, 23, 25, 30, 38, 44, 54, 60, 67, 68, various world cultures and understand the 69, 70, 74, 78, 79, 80, 86, 102, 106, 118, defining characteristics of these literary 120, 122, 124, 130, 131, 132, 144; Indian texts and the relationship between Literature, 166, 164, 166, 180, 181, 186, literature and the historical period, culture, 188, 192, 200, 208, 222, 230, 232; and societal context, such as the influence Chinese and Japanese Literature, 252, 266, of literary works on political events. 268, 276, 280, 281, 282, 285, 286, 288, 289, 290, 298, 300, 301, 302, 308, 309, 312, 316, 320, 321, 322; Ancient Civilization and Rome, 363, 374, 411, 414, 416, 418, 424, 436, 440, 460, 462, 468, 503, 534, 550, 558; The Middle Ages, 600, 610, 622, 630, 642, 652, 658, 665, 675, 683, 694; The Renaissance and Rationalism, 730, 732, 733, 734, 736, 740, 744, 761, 762, 770, 778, 781, 790, 792, 798, 802; Romanticism and Realism, 846, 851, 866, 872, 876, 879, 880, 886, 888, 889, 890 894, 901, 902, 906, 913, 928, 942, 975, 1001, 1026; The Modern World, 1050, 1062, 1066, 1112, 1118, 1128, 1136, 1146, 1148, 1150, 1151, 1154, 1158, 1162; The Contemporary World, 1202, 1214, 1220, 1232, 1250, 1254, 1261, 1270, 1274, 1280, 1282, 1290, 1291, 1295, 1302, 1312, 1313, 1314, 1318, 1324, 1329, 1342, 1346, 1347, 1348 2
B. Students understand elements of literature including: 1. Character development (character's actions, beliefs, motives, reactions, and feelings); 2. Point of view including underlying author purpose; 3. Setting including historical/cultural context; 4. Universal themes including the philosophical assumptions and underlying beliefs of author's work; and SE/TE: Characters: Dynamic and Static, R10, 905, 907, 908, 910, 914, 921, 924, 925, 929, 932, 934, 937; Play, 460; Round and Flat Characters, R10, 1161, 1165, 1169; Short Story, 1062; Characterization, R10; Characterization in Drama, 974, 975, 976, 982, 983, 984, 987, 989, 992, 994, 996, 998; Characterization in Epic, 17, 20, 30, 33; Characterization in Epic Poem. 674, 676, 677, 679, 680, 682, 685, 691; Indirect/direct Characterization, R10, 674, 691, 1062, 1127, 1133 SE/TE: Recognizing author's bias, 557, 563, 565; Judging a poet's message, 885, 887, 888, 889, 893, 895; Analyzing author's purpose, 1045, 1251; Interpreting writer's point of view on test questions, 1183; Inferring, cultural attitudes, 1231, 1234, 1235, 1236, 1238, 1239, 1241, 1245, 1247; Distinguishing between fact and opinion, 1251; Evaluating writer's statement of philosophy, 1279, 1281, 1282, 1285; Determining author's purpose, 1301, 1306, 1307; Evaluating writer's message, 1311, 1314, 1315 SE/TE: Setting, R17, 1062, 1127, 1128, 1133, 1231, 1233, 1240, 1243, 1244, 1247; Cultural Context, 17, 19, 27, 28, 32, 33; Connecting to Historical Context, 801, 805, 807, 1253, 1257, 1266, 1271, 1341, 1343, 1348, 1349 SE/TE: Common theme, 726-727; Writing About Literature: Compare and Contrast Literary Themes Across Cultures, 1352 1353; also see: Themes in World Masterpieces, 90, 139, 225, 321, 355, 389, 430, 454, 513, 634, 669, 688, 732, 749, 857, 923, 1083, 1101, 1164, 1209, 1242; Theme in epic poem, 362, 364, 367, 368, 373, 376, 378, 380; Writing About Literature: Analyze Literary Themes, 236 237, 568 569, 696 697 3
5. Complex elements of plot development including time and sequence elements such as flashback and foreshadowing. SE/TE: Plot, R15, 460, 1062; Flashback, 1219, 1222, 1227; Foreshadowing, 362, 367, 376, 380, 1000, 1002, 1008, 1010, 1011, 1013, 1014, 1015, 1018, 1021, 1023 C. Students understand the use of a range of complex literary devices/techniques to accomplish author's purpose: Symbolism SE/TE: Symbolism, R18, 186-187, 596-597, 629, 637, 638, 642, 649, 875, 881 Symbol, 583, 591, 592, 596, 603, 795, 801; Symbolism, 1243, 1244, 1249, 1250, 1253, 1255 Mood/tone SE/TE: Mood, R14; Tone, 14 15, 243, 279, 290, 291, 305, 338, 1179, 1359, R18; Atmosphere, R14, 1323, 1324, 1326, 1331, 1332, 1333, 1334, 1335 Allusion SE/TE: Allusion, R10, 674, 679, 682, 685, 691, 1038 Irony SE/TE: Irony, R13, 502, 504, 505, 512, 517, 520, 525, 1279, 1280, 1284, 1285 Figurative language (metaphor, simile, personification) SE/TE: Figurative Language, 186-187, 277, 727, 872-873, 1311, 1312, 1315, R12 Analogy SE/TE: Analogy, in ancient poetry, R10, 117, 119, 122, 124, 125, 439, 446, 457; in philosophical text, 439, 446, 457; Analogies, make, 344; Analogies, 272, 304, 546, 896, 1110, 1228, 1286 Exaggeration SE/TE: Exaggeration, 801, 804, 807 Archetypes SE/TE: Archetype, 13, 15, 16, 26, 27, 29, 583, 584, 585, 587, 591, 592, 596, 598, 603, 1173, 1182, 1185, 1189; Comparing Archetypes, 1174, 1182; Epic Hero, 173, 177, 178, 186, 192, 194, 197, 199, 491, 496, 503, 555, 558, 568, 571, 572, 575; Antagonist, 896, 920; Tragic Hero, 425, 432, 436, 445, 458; Trickster, 203, 206, 209; Comparing Epic Heroes, 174, 182, 190; Comparing Epic Heroes and Heroic Flaws, 556, 566, 584, 596 Symbolism SE/TE: Symbolism, R18, 186-187, 596-597, 629, 637, 638, 642, 649, 875, 881 4
D. Students use the language and perspectives of literary criticism to evaluate literary works. III. Students demonstrate understanding of informational texts. SE/TE: Literary Analysis: Build Skills: 37, 59, 77, 85, 101, 129, 179, 191, 221, 265, 279, 297, 307, 319, 364, 413, 423, 439, 467, 502, 535, 551, 559, 599, 629, 657, 674, 729, 743, 757, 769, 789, 801, 845, 875, 885, 905, 941, 1000, 1065, 1117, 1145, 1161, 1219, 1231, 1253, 1279, 1289, 1301, 1311, 1323, 1341; Apply the Skills, 33, 51, 71, 81, 97, 111, 141, 183, 217, 227, 271, 291, 303, 313, 323, 382, 419, 433, 457, 500, 525, 547, 555, 567, 619, 549, 672, 691, 737, 751, 765, 785, 795, 807, 863, 881, 895, 937, 972, 998, 1023, 1109, 1123, 1133, 1155, 1169, 1211, 1227, 1247, 1271, 1285, 1297, 1307, 1315, 1335, 1349 A. Students read a variety of information genres (e.g., documentaries, speeches, public documents, print news media, Internet, websites, electronic databases, microfiche, almanacs, news) and can: 1. Explain author's intent; SE/TE: Persuasive Argument, 308; Speech, 398, 1297; Philosophical Text, 170, 240, 242, 402 2. Evaluate for accuracy, relevance, and bias; and 3. Make generalizations and inferences based on implicit and explicit information. SE/TE: Persuasive Argument, 308; Speech, 398, 1297; Philosophical Text, 170, 240, 242, 402 SE/TE: Persuasive Argument, 308; Speech, 398, 1297; Philosophical Text, 170, 240, 242, 402; Reading Information Materials, 144 147, 232 235, 326 331, 528 531, 622 625, 810 815, 1028 1033, 1112 1115, 1274 1277 B. Students conduct research using a variety of grade- appropriate sources and can: 1. Synthesize relevant data through note-taking and questioning and SE/TE: Persuasive Argument, 308; Speech, 398, 1297; Philosophical Text, 170, 240, 242, 402; Reading Information Materials, 144 147, 232 235, 326 331, 528 531, 622 625, 810 815, 1028 1033, 1112 1115, 1274 1277 5
2. Analyze and interpret technical data, written directions; and technical manuals. SE/TE: Reading Information Materials: Brochures, 144 147; Atlases and Maps, 232 235; Reference Materials, 326 331; Web Research Sources, 528 531; Interviews, 622 625; Feature Articles, 810 815; Critical Reviews, 1028 1033; Scientific Texts, 1112 1115; Magazine Article, 1274 1277 C. Students use a process to apply research strategies including: 1. Developing a plan for research; SE/TE: Research Paper, 698 707; Research Report, 35, 53, 99, 127, 305, 459, 797; Research and Technology, 73, 83, 113, 143, 185, 219, 229, 273, 293, 315, 325, 421, 435, 527, 549, 557, 569, 621, 651, 673, 693, 739, 753, 767, 787, 809, 865, 883, 897, 939, 999, 974, 1025, 1111, 1125, 1135, 1157, 1171, 1213, 1229, 1249, 1273, 1287, 1299, 1309, 1317, 1337, 1351; Reading Information Materials, 144 147, 232 235, 326 331, 528 531, 622 625, 810 815, 1028 1033, 1112 1115, 1274 1277 2. Collecting information to narrow and develop a topic; and 3. Using information to support a thesis. SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Research Paper, 698 707; Research Report, 35, 53, 99, 127, 305, 459, 797; Reading Informational Materials: Web Research Sources, 528 531; Other Information Materials, 144 147, 232 235, 326 331, 622 625, 810 815, 1028 1033, 1112 1115, 1274 1277 SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Research Paper, 698 707; Research Report, 35, 53, 99, 127, 305, 459, 797 6
CONTENT STANDARD 2. WRITING Students use the writing process and use appropriate strategies to write a variety of expressive and expository pieces. BENCHMARK GRADE 11 I. Students apply writing skills to plan, draft, revise, and publish writing for intended audiences. A. Students write a variety of level-appropriate modes/genres by: 1. Explaining ideas in their reading. SE/TE: Writing Workshop,150-157, 238 245, 334 341, 570 577, 698 707, 818 825, 1036 1043, 1174 1181, 1354 1361; Writing About Literature, 148 149, 236 237, 332 333, 568 569, 696 697, 816 817, 1034 1035, 1172 1173, 1352 1353 2. Elaborating on concepts in literature. SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Response to Literature, 1036 1043; Writing About Literature, 148 149, 236 237, 332 333, 568 569, 696 697, 816 817, 1034 1035, 1172 1173, 1352 1353 3. Using others' works as models for effective writing. 4. Using word processing and other tools of technology to create multimedia presentations. SE/TE: From the Author s Desk, 153, 1039, 1357; From the Translator s Desk, 241; From the Scholar s Desk, 337, 573, 701, 821, 1177; Student Model, 156, 244, 340, 576, 704, 824, 1042, 1180, 1360 SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Multimedia Report, 1174 1181; Job Portfolio and Résumé, 1354 1361; Publishing and Presenting, 825, 1043; Multimedia Presentation, 1111, 1273, 1309, 1317; Multimedia Report, 73, 239, 325, 411, 1135, 1351 TE only: Using Technology in Writing, 152, 242, 338, 574, 702, 822, 1040, 1178, 1358 B. Students use strategies to generate ideas for written work including: 1. Considering audience and purpose in planning. SE/TE: Considering Audience, 335, 571; According to Purpose, 1037, 1355 2. Developing a focus. SE/TE: Prewriting, 151, 239, 335, 571, 699, 819, 1037, 1175, 1355 3. Using vivid, specific and relevant details and concepts. SE/TE: Details, 303, 577, 683, 739, 811, 1293; Evidence, 265, 538; Examples, 59, 1363 7
C. Students use organization skills to: 1. Arrange paragraphs into logical progression; SE/TE: Organization, 89, 143, 303, 535, 538, 957, 1389; Revising: Paragraphs, 127, 338, 702, 939, 1157 2. Include a concluding statement; and SE/TE: Conclusion, 121, 960, 1156 3. Use transitions in written work. SE/TE: Clarifying with Transitions, 547; Transitions, 458, 567, 752, 939, 1178 D. Students use meaningful voice by adapting writing for different audiences and purposes by: 1. Using suitable content, vocabulary, style, structure, tone and voice; 2. Considering background, age, knowledge of audience; and SE/TE: Writing Workshop,150-157, 238 245, 334 341, 570 577, 698 707, 818 825, 1036 1043, 1174 1181, 1354 1361; Writing About Literature, 148 149, 236 237, 332 333, 568 569, 696 697, 816 817, 1034 1035, 1172 1173, 1352 1353; Writing Lesson, 31, 41, 59, 79, 89, 105, 137, 169, 201, 211, 247, 265, 275, 285, 295, 373, 383, 397, 421, 485, 505, 513, 521, 533, 577, 605, 647, 683, 697, 717, 727, 739, 787, 803, 811, 824, 861, 947, 1023, 1043, 1053, 1063, 1083, 1099, 1113, 1125, 1139, 1151, 1191, 1207, 1221, 1241, 1257, 1279, 1293, 1305, 1315, 1347, 1380, 1401 SE/TE: Prewriting, 151, 239, 335, 571, 699, 819, 1037, 1175, 1355 3. Using appropriate level of formality. SE/TE: Writing Workshop,150-157, 238 245, 334 341, 570 577, 698 707, 818 825, 1036 1043, 1174 1181, 1354 1361; Writing Lesson, 31, 41, 59, 79, 89, 105, 137, 169, 201, 211, 247, 265, 275, 285, 295, 373, 383, 397, 421, 485, 505, 513, 521, 533, 577, 605, 647, 683, 697, 717, 727, 739, 787, 803, 811, 824, 861, 947, 1023, 1043, 1053, 1063, 1083, 1099, 1113, 1125, 1139, 1151, 1191, 1207, 1221, 1241, 1257, 1279, 1293, 1305, 1315, 1347, 1380, 1401 E. Students use meaningful sentence construction to achieve logical sentence order and varied sentence structures (parallel, compound-complex, and analogous). SE/TE: Sentences, 127, 149, 154, 242, 697, 702, 822, 1351; Editing and Proofreading, 245; Combining, 575; Varying Beginnings of, 142, 752; Compound/Complex, 650, 825 8
F. Students use meaningful word choice appropriate to purpose to achieve a specific tone. SE/TE: Word Choice, 219, 305, 338, 411, 574, 1025, 1358; Editing and Proofreading, 157, 245, 341, 577, 707, 825, 1043, 1181, 1361 G. Students use grade level-appropriate language conventions for spelling, capitalization, punctuation, grammar, and usage by: 1. Using commonly confused terms appropriately; SE/TE: Commonly Confused Words, 34, 159, 566, 796, 864, 1124, R43, R44, R44 2. Capitalizing names of regions; SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Editing and Proofreading: Focus on Capitalization, 341; Capitalization, R41 3. Using noun-pronoun agreements; SE/TE: Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement, 126, 159, 882 4. Using ellipses and semicolons; SE/TE: Summary of Capitalization and Punctuation, R41 R42 5. Using conditional tenses; and SE/TE: Verb Tense, 154, 673, 692 6. Using parallel structure. SE/TE: Parallelism, 82, 808, 1350 H. Students use strategies to draft and revise written work such as producing multiple drafts. I. Students use strategies to edit and publish written work. SE/TE: Drafting, 152, 240, 336, 572, 700, 820, 1038, 1176, 1356; Revising, 154, 242, 338, 574, 702, 822, 1040, 1178, 1358 SE/TE: Editing and Proofreading/ Publishing and Presenting, 157, 245, 341, 577, 707, 825, 1043, 1181, 1361 II. Students use appropriate strategies to write a variety of expressive and expository pieces. A. Students write and share literary analyses, using grade level-appropriate strategies by: 1. Examining literature from several critical perspectives; 2. Analyzing author's stylistic devices and effects; SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Response to Literature, 1036 1043; Writing About Literature, 148 149, 236 237, 332 333, 568 569, 696 697, 816 817, 1034 1035, 1172 1173, 1352 1353 SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Response to Literature, 1036 1043; Analyze Literary Themes, 236 237, 568 569, 696 697; Analyze Literary Trends, 332 333 9
3. Analyzing author's use of literary elements; and 4. Using information in a text to support assertions. SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Response to Literature, 1036 1043; Writing About Literature, 148 149; Analyze Literary Themes, 236 237, 568 569, 696 697; Analyze Literary Trends, 332 333; Analyze Literary Periods, 816 817; Compare and Contrast Literary Periods, 1034 1035; Compare and Contrast Literary Trends Across Cultures, 1172 1173; Compare and Contrast Literary Themes Across Cultures, 1352 1353 SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Response to Literature, 1036 1043; Writing About Literature, 148 149, 236 237, 332 333, 568 569, 696 697, 816 817, 1034 1035, 1172 1173, 1352 1353 B. Students write and share literary texts (such as personal essays, reflective narratives, poetry, plays, literary analyses, speeches) using grade level-appropriate strategies. They are able to: 1. Convey a unifying theme or tone; SE/TE: Autobiographical Narrative, 150 157; Writing Lesson: Story, 305, 797, 809; Poem, 127, 1317; Fable, 113, 229; Dialogue, 73, 865, 1351; Script, 555, 864 2. Use sensory details to describe sights, sounds, movement, and gestures; 3. Use interior monologue to convey feelings; and 4. Pace action with changes in time and mood. SE/TE: Autobiographical Narrative, 150 157; Writing Lesson: Story, 305, 797, 809; Poem, 127, 1317; Fable, 113, 229; Dialogue, 73, 865, 1351; Script, 555, 864 SE/TE: Autobiographical Narrative, 150 157; Dialogue, 73, 865, 1351 SE/TE: Writing Lesson: Story, 305, 797, 809; Fable, 113, 229; Script, 555, 864 C. Students create technical writing for practical tasks (e.g., scientific procedures, business letters, letters to the editor, resumes, applications) using grade level-appropriate strategies. They are able to: 1. Use appropriate organizational form; and SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Workplace Writing: Job Portfolio and Résumé, 1354 1361; Letter, 150, 238, 334, 999, R23, R24; Memo, 334; Statistical Report, 698; Workplace Formats, R22; College Application Essay, 150, 238, 334; Brochure, 698; Editorial, 570, 1171; Memo, 334; Statistical Report, 698; Speech, 334, 570, 1299 10
2. Use formal language and tone. SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Workplace Writing: Job Portfolio and Résumé, 1354 1361; Workplace Formats, R22 D. Students write and present persuasive essays, demonstrations, and reports, (research, problem/solution) using grade level-appropriate strategies. 1. Using evidence to support a thesis; SE/TE: Thesis, 960, 1154; Writing About Literature, 142 143, 218 219, 302 303, 534 535, 650 651, 746 747, 956 957, 1152 1153, 1402 1403; Exposition: Problem-and-Solution Essay, 536 539; Research: Research Paper, 652 657; Exposition: 748 751 2. Addressing author biases and concerns; 3. Using information and ideas from primary and secondary sources; and 4. Documenting sources using appropriate standard formats. SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Research Paper, 698 707; Research Report, 35, 53, 99, 127, 305, 459, 797 SE/TE: Primary/Secondary Sources, 702; Writing Workshop: Research Paper, 698 707; Reading Informational Materials: Web Research Sources, 528 531; Research Report, 35, 53, 99, 127, 305, 459, 797 SE/TE: Citing/Documenting, 700; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, R27 R28; Using APA Style, R29; Using MLA Style, 325; Citing Evidence/Passages, 336, 1038; Bibliography, 325, 558, 698, 707 CONTENT STANDARD 3. SPEAKING AND LISTENING Students use listening and speaking skills for a variety of purposes and audiences. BENCHMARK GRADE 11 1. Students speak for a variety of purposes including: a. Explaining a speaker's or performer's intent; and b. Evaluating the accuracy, relevance, and bias of sources. 2. Students use others' works for models for effective speaking. SE/TE: Communications Workshop: Interviewing Techniques, 248; Listening to Speeches, 580; Analyzing the Impact of Media, 710; Analyzing a Media Presentation, 1184 Discussion, 99, 113, 127, 325, 651, 809, 897, 1025, 1229, 1273, 1309, R19, R38; Interview, R38, 459 Listening to Speeches, 580; Analyzing the Impact of Media, 710; Analyzing a Media Presentation, 1184; SE/TE: For related information see: Communication Workshop, 160, 248, 344, 580, 710, 828, 1046, 1184, 1364 11
3. Students use strategies to organize formal presentations including: a. Developing an introduction and conclusion; b. Using relevant details to support ideas; and Delivering a Speech, 160; Delivering a Persuasive Argument, 344; Presenting a Literary Interpretation, 828; Delivering an Oral Response to Literature, 1046; Delivering a Multimedia Presentation, 1364; Speech, R38, 83, 160, 547, 580; Multimedia Report, 73, 239, 325, 411, 1135, 1351 Delivering a Speech, 160; Delivering a Persuasive Argument, 344; Presenting a Literary Interpretation, 828; Delivering an Oral Response to Literature, 1046; Delivering a Multimedia Presentation, 1364 c. Citing information sources. SE/TE: Delivering a Multimedia Presentation, 1364 4. Students use strategies to make persuasive presentations by: a. Presenting a coherent argument; Debate, 273, R38 b. Citing persuasive evidence; Debate, 273, R38 c. Using rhetorical strategies to support reasoning; and d. Addressing counterarguments and concerns. 5. Students present oral interpretations of literature. 6. Students use effective delivery skills (tone, eye contact, rate, volume, pitch, gesture, pronunciation and enunciation) appropriate to audience and purpose. Debate, 273, R38 Debate, 273, R38 Delivering an Oral Response to Literature, 1046 Delivering a Speech, 160; Delivering a Persuasive Argument, 344; Presenting a Literary Interpretation, 828; Delivering an Oral Response to Literature, 1046; Delivering a Multimedia Presentation, 1364; Drama, 787, 999, 1249; Multimedia Presentation, 1111, 1273, 1309, 1317 12
7. Students use visual aids or technology (charts, photographs, transparencies, slides, electronic media, text, images, sound effects) to support presentations. SE/TE: Communications Workshop: Presenting a Literary Interpretation, 828; Drama, 787, 999, 1249; Multimedia Presentation, 1111, 1273, 1309, 1317; Multimedia Report, 73, 239, 325, 411, 1135, 1351 8. Students use strategies to contribute to group discussions by: a. Considering others' ideas and opinions before responding; b. Determining the purpose of discussions; c. Acting as a leader, participant, and moderator; and d. Conveying criticism in a constructive way. SE/TE: Discussion, 41, 105, 121, 295, 513, 605, 739, 825, 947, 1221, 1279, 1315 SE/TE: Discussion, 41, 105, 121, 295, 513, 605, 739, 825, 947, 1221, 1279, 1315 SE/TE: Discussion, 41, 105, 121, 295, 513, 605, 739, 825, 947, 1221, 1279, 1315; Debate, 247, 1257, 1347; Interview, 421, 581 SE/TE: Discussion, 41, 105, 121, 295, 513, 605, 739, 825, 947, 1221, 1279, 1315; Debate, 247, 1257, 1347; Interview, 421, 581 9. Students listen and respond to listener feedback and adjust delivery techniques and content, provide useful feedback to speakers to indicate understanding, and synthesize relevant data from presentations and discussions using strategies such as note-taking and questioning, and observe the techniques and impact of visual media such as: a. Explaining aesthetic effects of media; SE/TE: Communications Workshop: Analyzing the Impact of Media, 710; Presenting a Literary Interpretation, 828; Delivering an Oral Response to Literature, 1046; Analyzing a Media Presentation, 1184 b. Using stereotypes; SE/TE: Communications Workshop: Presenting a Literary Interpretation, 828; Delivering an Oral Response to Literature, 1046 c. Using special effects; SE/TE: Communications Workshop: Presenting a Literary Interpretation, 828; Drama, 787, 999, 1249; Multimedia Presentation, 1111, 1273, 1309, 1317; Multimedia Report, 73, 239, 325, 411, 1135, 1351 13
d. Explaining techniques and impact of media on audiences, politics, and daily life; e. Techniques used for particular audiences; and SE/TE: Communications Workshop: Listening to Speeches, 580; Analyzing the Impact of Media, 710; Analyzing a Media Presentation, 1184 SE/TE: Communications Workshop: Listening to Speeches, 580; Analyzing the Impact of Media, 710; Analyzing a Media Presentation, 1184 f. Impact of media on daily life. SE/TE: Communications Workshop: Analyzing the Impact of Media, 710; Analyzing a Media Presentation, 1184 14