Grade Seven Phonemic Awareness, Word Recognition and Fluency Fluency continues to develop past the primary grades. Readers increase their rate of oral reading to near conversational pace. They show their appropriate use of pauses, pitch, stress and intonation that they are reading in clauses and sentence units to support comprehension. They gain control over a wider, complex sight vocabulary and over longer syntactic structures, so that they are able to read progressively more demanding texts with greater ease. Silent reading becomes considerably faster than oral reading and becomes the preferred, more efficient way to process everyday texts. Acquisition of Vocabulary Contextual Understanding 1. Define the meaning of unknown words through context clues and the author s use of comparison, contrast, definition, restatement and example. 2. Apply knowledge of connotation and denotation to determine the meaning of words. Concept\l Understanding 3. Infer word meanings through the identification of analogies and other word relationships, including synonyms and antonyms. SE/TE: Context Clues, 692; Using Context to Determine Word Meaning, 712 713 Book, 17-18; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: Denotation and Connotation, 725 TR: Teaching Resources: Vocabulary and Spelling Practice Book; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: Synonyms, 138, 213, 238, 697, 749, 773; Antonyms, 697, 749; Homophones, 710, 774; Analogies, 312 313, 754 755; TR: Writing Support Transparencies, Chapter 7; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 20-21; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal 1
4. Interpret metaphors and similes to understand new uses of words and phrases in text. 5. Recognize and use words from other languages that have been adopted into the English language. Structural Understanding 6. Use knowledge of Greek, Latin and Anglo- Saxon roots and affixes to understand vocabulary. 7. Use knowledge of symbols and acronyms to identify whole words. SE/TE: Metaphors, 118, 816; Figurative Language, 257, 272, 692, 814; Connected Assignment, Poem, 118 119; Models From Literature: 50 51, 74 77 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 6-1; Writing Support Activity Book, 6-3; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: Using Formal and Informal English, 43; Word Origins, 701; Understanding the Influence of Other Languages and Cultures, 707; Idioms, 747 TR: Prentice Hall Everyday Spelling, Grade 7, Chapters 9, 15, 16, 20, 28, 33, 34; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 22-25; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: Prefix, 619, 699, 706, 770; Suffix, 619, 700, 705, 787; Studying Word Roots, 698; Etymology, 747 TR: Prentice Hall Everyday Spelling, Grade 7, Chapters 9, 15, 16, 20, 28, 33, 34; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 22-25; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: Map Symbols, 675; SQ4R, 746 TR: Teaching Resources: Vocabulary and Spelling Practice Book; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal 2
Tools and Resources 8. Determine the meanings and pronunciations of unknown words by using dictionaries, thesauruses, glossaries, technology and textual features, such as definitional footnotes or sidebars. SE/TE: Vocabulary and Spelling, 690; Developing Vocabulary, 691 693; Studying Words Systematically, 695 697; Studying Word Parts and Origins, 698 701; Using Dictionaries, 746 747; Using Other Print and Electronic References, 748 749; Revising Your Word Choice, 112, 138, 237 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, Chapter 7; Prentice Hall Everyday Spelling, Grade 7, Dictionary Handbook, 246-312; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 19-21, 34, 57-58; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal Reading Process: Concepts of Print, Comprehension Strategies and Self-Monitoring Strategies Comprehension Strategies 1. Establish and adjust purposes for reading, including to find out, to understand, to interpret, to enjoy and to solve problems. 2. Predict or hypothesize as appropriate from information in the text, substantiating with specific references to textual examples that may be in widely separated sections of text. SE/TE: Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 721 726; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733. Opportunities to address this standard may be found on the following pages: Models From Literature: 50 51, 74 77, 100 101, 126 127, 152 153, 176 177, 200 201, 224 227, 250 251. Book, 17-18; 51; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: 50-51, Predict, 731; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop: Make Inferences and Predictions, 734 735 Book, 40-41, 44-45; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal 3
3. Make critical comparisons across text, noting author s style as well as literal and implied content of text. 4. Summarize the information in texts, using key ideas, supporting details and referencing gaps or contradictions. 5. Select, create and use graphic organizers to interpret textual information. 6. Answer literal, inferential, evaluative and synthesizing questions to demonstrate comprehension of grade-appropriate print texts and electronic and visual media. SE/TE: Models From Literature: 50 51, 74 77, 100 101, 126 127, 152 153, 176 177, 200 201, 224 227, 250 251; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 721 726; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733 Book, 38-43; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: Summarizing, 257, 259, 268, 739; Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 721 726; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733 TR: Writing Support Activity Book, Chapter 12; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: Interpreting Maps, Graphs, and Photographs, 675-677; Creating Graphic Organizers for Comprehension, 681-684; Interpreting Graphic Aids, 688-689 Book, 6-16; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: Models From Literature: 50 51, 74 77, 100 101, 126 127, 152 153, 176 177, 200 201, 224 227, 250 251; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 721 726; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733; Answering Different Types of Questions, 752 755 TR: Writing Support Activity Book, Chapter 12; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 8, 35-36, 44-45; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal 4
Self-Monitoring Strategies 7. Monitor own comprehension by adjusting speed to fit the purpose, or by skimming, scanning, reading on, looking back, note taking or summarizing what has been read so far in text. Independent Reading 8. Use criteria to choose independent reading materials (e.g., personal interest, knowledge of authors and genres or recommendations from others). 9. Independently read books for various purposes (e.g., for enjoyment, for literary experience, to gain information or to perform a task). SE/TE: Models From Literature: 50 51, 74 77, 100 101, 126 127, 152 153, 176 177, 200 201, 224 227, 250 251; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 721 726; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733 Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733 Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733 Practice Book, Formal Reading Applications: Informational, Technical and Persuasive Text 1. Use text features, such as chapter titles, headings and subheadings; parts of books including index, appendix, table of contents and online tools (search engines) to locate information. SE/TE: Using Features of Textbooks, 716; Creating Graphic Organizers for Comprehension, 681; Interpreting Maps, Graphs, and Photographs, 675 677; Interpreting Graphic Aids, 688-689 5
2. Analyze examples of cause and effect and fact and opinion. 3. Compare and contrast different sources of information, including books, magazines, newspapers and online resources, to draw conclusions about a topic. 4. Compare original text to a summary to determine the extent to which the summary adequately reflects the main ideas, critical details and underlying meaning of the original text. 5. Analyze information found in maps, charts, tables, graphs, diagrams, cutaways and overlays. Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Fact and Opinion, 147, 679, 722, 756, 757; Cause-and-Effect Essay, 174 197; Analyzing the Text, 725 726; Cause-and-Effect Organization, 38 Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Comparison-and-Contrast Essay, 150 173; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733 Book, 51; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal SE/TE: Summarizing, 257, 259, 268, 739; Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 721 726; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733 Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Interpreting Maps, Graphs, and Photographs, 675-677; Creating Graphic Organizers for Comprehension, 681-684; Interpreting Graphic Aids, 688-689 Book, 6-16; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop; Reading Support Practice Book; Formal 6
6. Assess the adequacy, accuracy and appropriateness of an author s details, identifying persuasive techniques and examples of bias and stereotyping. 7. Identify an author s purpose for writing and explain an author s argument, perspective or viewpoint in text. 8. Compare the treatment, scope and organization of ideas from different texts on the same topic. Reading Applications: Literary Text 1. Explain interactions and conflicts (e.g., character vs. self, nature or society) between main and minor characters in literary text and how the interactions affect the plot. SE/TE: Persuasive Essay, 124 149; Viewing Information Media Critically, 678 679; Persuasion, 12, 226, 228, 275, 277, 279; Persuasive Speech, 671; Evaluate Objectivity of News Reports, 147; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 721-726 Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 721 726; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733. Opportunities to address this standard may be found on the following pages: Models From Literature: 50 51, 74 77, 100 101, 126 127, 152 153, 176 177, 200 201, 224 227, 250 251. Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Types of Organization, 38; Models From Literature: 126 127, 152 153, 176 177, 200 201, 224 227, 250 251; Reading Skills: Reading Nonfiction Critically, 721 726; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733 Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Characters, 50, 57, 85, 21, 257; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Response to Literature, 248 273 7
2. Analyze the features of the setting and their importance in a text. 3. Identify the main and minor events of the plot, and explain how each incident gives rise to the next. 4. Identify and compare subjective and objective points of view and how they affect the overall body of a work. 5. Identify recurring themes, patterns and symbols found in literature from different eras and cultures. Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Setting, 83, 90, 96, 737; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Response to Literature, 248 273 Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Plot, 82, 94, 96, 272; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Response to Literature, 248 273 Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Point of View, 49, 56, 122, 272, 729; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Response to Literature, 248 273 Practice Book, Formal TECH: Writing and Grammar itext, Section 4.3; Writers at Work videotape SE/TE: Theme, 94 95, 96, 257, 272, 727; Plot, 82, 94, 96, 272; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Response to Literature, 248 273 Practice Book, Formal 8
6. Explain the defining characteristics of literary forms and genres, including poetry, drama, myths, biographies, autobiographies, science fiction, fiction and non-fiction. 7. Interpret how mood or meaning is conveyed through word choice, figurative language and syntax. Writing Processes Prewriting 1. Generate writing ideas through discussions with others and from printed material, and keep a list of writing ideas. SE/TE: Literary Forms, 12, 48-49, 67, 73, 118-119; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Response to Literature, 248 273; Performing and Interpreting, 687 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, Chapter 11, 11-D, 12; Writing Support Activity Book, Chapter 11, 12; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 38-51 TECH: Writers at Work videotape; Writing and Grammar itext, Section 11.3; Writing and SE/TE: Analyzing Meaning, 8; Figurative Language, 118, 257, 272, 692, 814; Connected Assignment, Poem, 118 119; Models From Literature: 50 51, 74 77; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 715 720; Reading Literary Writing, 727 731; Response to Literature, 248 273; Short Story, 72 89; Revising: Word Choice, 21, 61, 87, 112, 138, 164, 188, 212, 209, 237, 263, 282, 297 Practice Book, Formal SE/TE: Prewriting Strategies, 14 17, 26 27, 52 55, 67, 71, 78 81, 93, 97, 102 105, 118, 128 131, 144, 149, 154 157, 169, 173, 178 181, 193, 197, 202 205, 217, 221, 228 231, 243, 252 257, 269, 270, 276 278, 287 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 2-C-D, 5-A- D, 6-A-C, 6-1, 7-A-D, 7-K, 9-A-D, 8-1, 9-A-D, 9-1, 10-A-C, 10-1, 11-A-C, 11-H, 12-A-D, 13-D; Writing Support Activity Book, 2-2, 5-1, 6-1, 6-4, 7-1-2, 7-4, 8-1-3, 8-5, 9-1, 9-3, 10-1, 10-4, 11-1, 11-4, 12-1-2, 13-2; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 9
2. Conduct background reading, interviews or surveys when appropriate. 3. Establish a thesis statement for informational writing or a plan for narrative writing. SE/TE: Model from Literature, 50 51, 74 77, 100 101, 126 127, 152 153, 176 177, 200 201, 224 227, 250 251; Topic Bank, 53, 79, 103, 129, 155, 179, 203, 229, 253, 276; Choosing Your Topic, 228, 252; Viewing Information Critically, 678; Library, 742 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 11-A-C, 12-A-D; Writing Support Activity Book, 11-1, 12-1-2; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Thesis Statements, 39, 132, 141, 232, 241; Choosing Your Topic, 52 53, 78 79, 102 103, 128 129, 154 155, 178 179, 202 203, 228 229, 252 253, 276 TR: Writing Support Transparency 7-E-F, 11-D; Teaching Resources: Writing Support Activity Book; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 4. Determine a purpose and audience. SE/TE: Audience and Purpose, 16, 55, 80, 104, 125-127, 130, 141, 148-149, 157, 171, 181, 204, 215, 220, 231, 255, 277 5. Use organizational strategies (e.g., rough outlines, diagrams, maps, webs and Venn diagrams) to plan writing. TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 2-C-D, 4-D, 5-C, 7-C, 8-D, 8-1, 9-D, Chapter 12, 13-A; Writing Support Activity Book, 2-2, 4-1, 5-1, 7-1, 8-3, 8-5, 9-1; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Gathering Details, 55, 81, 105, 131, 157, 181, 205, 231, 256, 278; Choosing Your Topic, 52 53, 78 79, 102 103, 128 129, 154 155, 178 179, 202 203, 228 229, 252 253, 276; Narrowing Your Topic, 54, 104, 130, 156, 180, 204, 230, 254, 277 TR: Teaching Resources: Writing Support Transparencies; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 10
Drafting, Revising and Editing 6. Organize writing with an effective and engaging introduction, body and a conclusion that summarizes, extends or elaborates on points or ideas in the writing. 7. Vary simple, compound and complex sentence structures. 8. Group related ideas into paragraphs, including topic sentences following paragraph form, and maintain a consistent focus across paragraphs. 9. Use precise language, action verbs, sensory details, colorful modifiers and style as appropriate to audience and purpose. SE/TE: Drafting, 13, 18, 56 57, 82 83, 106 107, 132 133, 158 159, 182 183, 206 207, 232 233, 258 259, 279 280 TR: Teaching Resources: Writing Support Transparencies; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal TECH: Interactive Textbook CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM, Test Bank CD-ROM; Writers at Work Video Program DVD; Writing and Grammar Companion Web Site SE/TE: Sentence Combining, 29 32, 263; Basic Sentence Parts, 390 419; Chapter Review, 420 421; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop, 422 423; Effective Sentences, 454 483; Chapter Review, 484 485; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop, 486 487; Revising: Sentences, 60, 86, 111, 137, 163, 186, 236, 262, 282, 353, 450, 465 TR: Teaching Resources: Grammar Exercise Workbook; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Daily Language Practice; Daily Language Practice Transparencies; Formal SE/TE: Paragraphs in Essays and Other Compositions, 37 41; Revising Your Paragraphs, 59, 85, 110, 136, 162, 185, 209, 235, 261, 281 TR: Writing Support Transparency, 3-C, 6-F, 7- E-F, 11-D; Writing Support Activity Book; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Revising: Word Choice, 21, 61, 87, 112, 138, 164, 188, 212, 209, 237, 263, 282, 297; Revising: Sentences, 60, 86, 111, 137, 163, 186, 236, 262, 282, 353, 450, 465 11
TR: Teaching Resources: Grammar Exercise Workbook; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Daily Language Practice; Daily Language Practice Transparencies; Formal 10. Use available technology to compose text. SE/TE: Use Technology for Writing, 25; Word Processors: Features, 56, 134, 138, 684; Grammar Checkers, 476, 480; Keyboarding, 445; Spell Checkers, 704, 710, 711; Synonym Finder, 138, 697; Tracking Changes, 85, 260; Writing Tool, 9, 29, 108. Note: The Online Essay Scorer provides instant essay scoring and analytical feedback. TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 2-1, 9-G, 10-1, 11-D, 11-E, 11-Hm 13-D; Writing Support Activity Book, 9-2, 10-4, 11-4, 13-2; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 11. Reread and analyze clarity of writing. SE/TE: Revising and Peer Review, 19 21, 58 62, 67, 71, 84 87, 93, 97, 108 113, 118, 134 138, 144, 149, 160 164, 169, 173, 184 188, 193, 197, 206 213, 217, 221, 234 238, 243, 260 263, 269, 273, 281, 282, 287 12. Add and delete information and details to better elaborate on a stated central idea and to more effectively accomplish purpose. TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 2-1, 9-G, 10-1, 11-D, 11-E, 11-Hm 13-D; Writing Support Activity Book, 9-2, 10-4, 11-4, 13-2; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: 22, 35, 49-51, 55, 57-58, 70, 76, 80, 83, 91, 98-101, 104, 106, 116, 215, 225, 231-232, 249, 254, 281 721 Book, 38-43; Writing Support Transparencies, 4- D, 4-F, 4-G-I, 5-C, 5-F, 6-D 11-D, 12-C; Writing Support Activity Book, 4-1, 5-1, 12-1; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 12
13. Rearrange words, sentences and paragraphs, and add transitional words and phrases to clarify meaning. 14. Use resources and reference materials (e.g., dictionaries and thesauruses) to select more effective vocabulary. 15. Proofread writing, edit to improve conventions (e.g., grammar, spelling, punctuation and capitalization) and identify and correct fragments and run-ons. 16. Apply tools (e.g., rubric, checklist and feedback) to judge the quality of writing. SE/TE: Transitions, 136, 142, 153, 225, 282, 782; Revising: Word Choice, 21, 61, 87, 112, 138, 164, 188, 212, 209, 237, 263, 282, 297; Revising: Sentences, 60, 86, 111, 137, 163, 186, 236, 262, 282, 353, 450, 465; Revising Your Paragraphs, 59, 85, 110, 136, 162, 185, 209, 235, 261, 281 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 2-G, 4-G- H-I, 5-G-H, 6-E-H, 7-G-I, 8-F-G, 9-F-H, 10-F-H, 11-E-F, 12-G-H; Writing Support Activity Book, 5-3, 7-4, 8-4, 9-2; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Resources, 692, 697; Revising: Word Choice, 21, 61, 87, 112, 138, 164, 188, 212, 209, 237, 263, 282, 297 Book, 20-21: Writing Support Activity Book; Writing Support Transparencies; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Editing and Proofreading, 22, 63, 88, 114, 139, 165, 189, 214, 239, 264, 283 TR: Teaching Resources: Writing Support Activity Book; Writing Support Transparencies; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Rubric for Self-/Reflecting on Your Writing, 64, 89, 115, 140, 166, 190, 215, 240, 265, 284 TR: Scoring Rubrics on Transparency, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 13
Publishing 17. Prepare for publication (e.g., for display or for sharing with others) writing that follows a format appropriate to the purpose, using such techniques as electronic resources, principles of design (e.g., margins, tabs, spacing and columns) and graphics (e.g., drawings, charts and graphs) to enhance the final product. Writing Applications 1. Write narratives that maintain a clear focus and point of view and use sensory details and dialogue to develop plot, character and a specific setting. 2. Write responses to novels, stories, poems and plays that provide an interpretation, a critique or a reflection and support judgments with specific references to the text. SE/TE: Publishing and Presenting, 64, 89, 115, 140, 166, 190, 215, 240, 265, 284; Building and Electronic Portfolio, 25; Spotlights on the Humanities, 28, 44, 68, 94, 120, 146, 170, 194, 218, 244, 288; Media and Technology Skills, 29, 45, 69, 95, 121, 147, 171, 195, 219, 245, 271, 289 Book, 6-16; Writing Support Transparencies, 1- B; Writing Support Activity Book, 1-2; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Autobiographical Writing, 48 71; Short Story, 72 97 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 3-A-B-C, 4- D, G-I, 5-C, 6-C-D-E-F, 8-G, 12-C,E, 13-B; Writing Support Activity Book, 4-1, 5-1, 6-2, 12-1; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Response to Literature, 248 273; Topic Bank: Responding to Literature, 53, 79, 103, 129, 155, 179, 203, 229, 253, 276 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 4-B, 6-B, 7-B, 8-B, 9-B, 10-B, 11-B, 12-A-H; Writing Support Activity Book, 12-1-2-3; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 14
3. Write business letters that are formatted to convey ideas, state problems, make requests or give compliments. 4. Write informational essays or reports, including research, that present a literal understanding of the topic, include specific facts, details and examples from multiple sources, and create an organizing structure appropriate to the purpose, audience and context. 5. Write persuasive essays that establish a clear position and include relevant information to support ideas. 6. Produce informal writings (e.g., journals, notes and poems) for various purposes. SE/TE: Business Letter, 43, 604, 790; Friendly Letter, 43, 791; Other Letters, 8, 140, 249, 253, 596 TR: Teaching Resources: Writing Support Activity Book; Writing Support Transparencies; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Comparison-and-Contrast Essay, 150 173; Cause-and-Effect Essay, 174 197; Research Report, 222 247; Response to Literature, 248 273; Writing for, 274 291 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 11-A-H; Writing Support Activity Book, 11-1-4; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Persuasive Essay, 124-149 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 7-A-I; Writing Support Activity Book, 7-1-2; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Poem, 118 119; Friendly Letter, 43, 791; Other Letters, 8, 140, 249, 253, 596 TR: Teaching Resources: Writing Support Activity Book; Writing Support Transparencies; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 15
Writing Conventions Spelling 1. Spell high-frequency words correctly. SE/TE: Vocabulary and Spelling, 690; Developing Vocabulary, 691 693; Studying Words Systematically, 695 697; Studying Word Parts and Origins, 698 701; Improving Your Spelling, 702 712. See also all Proofreading pages 22, 63, 88, 114, 139, 165, 189, 214, 239, 264, and 283. Punctuation and Capitalization 2. Use commas, end marks, apostrophes and quotation marks correctly. 3. Use semicolons, colons, hyphens, dashes and brackets correctly. TR: Prentice Hall Everyday Spelling, Grade 7, 12, 38, 64, 90, 116, 142; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 26-33; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Daily Language Practice; Daily Language Practice Transparencies; Formal TECH: Interactive Textbook CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM, Test Bank CD-ROM; Writers at Work Video Program DVD; Writing and Grammar Companion Web Site SE/TE: Commas, 114, 215, 585 599; Chapter Review, 630 631; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop, 632 633. See also all Proofreading pages 22, 63, 88, 114, 139, 165, 189, 214, 239, 264, and 283. TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 12-F-G; Grammar Exercise Workbook, 87-88, 99-102, 145-174; Grammar Exercises Answers on Transparencies, Chapter 21, 26; Hands-On Grammar Activity Book, Chapter 26; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop SE/TE: Semicolons and Colons, 600 605; Hyphens and Apostrophes, 618 629; Chapter Review, 630 631; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop, 632 633. See also all Proofreading pages 22, 63, 88, 114, 139, 165, 189, 214, 239, 264, and 283. TR: Grammar Exercise Workbook, 99-102, 145-148 159-162 169-170; Grammar Exercises Answers on Transparencies, Chapter 26; Daily Language Practice; Daily Language Practice Transparencies; Formal 16
4. Use correct capitalization. SE/TE: Capitalization, 634 649; Chapter Review, 650 651; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop, 652 653. See also all Proofreading pages 22, 63, 88, 114, 139, 165, 189, 214, 239, 264, and 283. Grammar and Usage 5. Use all eight parts of speech (e.g., noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, adjective, conjunction, preposition, interjection). TR: Standardized Test Preparation Workshops; Grammar Exercise Workbook, 1-44, 111-144, 175-186; Hands-On Activity Book, Chapter 14-18, 22-23, 25; Daily Language Practice; Daily Language Practice Transparencies; Formal SE/TE: Nouns and Pronouns, 61, 63, 165, 294 313; Verbs, 87, 314 331; Adjectives and Adverbs, 113, 211, 334 359; Prepositions, 360 373; Conjunctions and Interjections, 374 387; Basic Sentence Parts and Patterns, 390 423; Phrases and Clauses, 424 453; Effective Sentences, 454 489; Using Verbs, 187, 490 517; Using Pronouns, 518 531; Making Words Agree, 163, 532 557; Using Modifiers, 558 577. See also all Proofreading pages 22, 63, 88, 114, 139, 165, 189, 214, 239, 264, and 283. TR: Standardized Test Preparation Workshops; Grammar Exercise Workbook, 1-44, 111-144, 175-186; Hands-On Activity Book, Chapter 14-18, 22-23, 25; Daily Language Practice; Daily Language Practice Transparencies; Formal 6. Use dependent and independent clauses. SE/TE: Clauses, 32, 137, 211, 263, 438-441, 443-446, 463. See also all Proofreading pages 22, 63, 88, 114, 139, 165, 189, 214, 239, 264, and 283. TR: Grammar Exercise Workbook, 79-86, 89-92, 159-160; Grammar Exercises Answers on Transparencies, Chapter 26; Hands-On Grammar Activity Book, Chapter 20 TECH: Writing and Grammar itext, Section 26.3; On-Line Exercise Bank, Section 20.2, 21.2, 26.3; Teacher Express CD-ROM, Test Bank CD- ROM; Writing and Grammar Companion Web Site 17
7. Use subject-verb agreement with collective nouns, indefinite pronouns, compound subjects and prepositional phrases. 8. Conjugate regular and irregular verbs in all tenses correctly. Research 1. Generate a topic, assigned or personal interest, and open-ended questions for research and develop a plan for gathering information. 2. Identify appropriate sources and gather relevant information from multiple sources (e.g., school library catalogs, online databases, electronic resources and Internet-based resources). SE/TE: Making Words Agree, 532 533; Subject and Verb Agreement, 163, 534 547; Chapter Review, 554 555; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop, 556 557. See also all Proofreading pages 22, 63, 88, 114, 139, 165, 189, 214, 239, 264, and 283. TR: Grammar Exercise Workbook, 127-134; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Daily Language Practice; Daily Language Practice Transparencies; Formal SE/TE: Using Verbs, 187, 490 513; Chapter Review, 514 515; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop, 516 517. See also all Proofreading pages 22, 63, 88, 114, 139, 165, 189, 214, 239, 264, and 283. TR: Grammar Exercise Workbook, 111-114, 117-118; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Daily Language Practice; Daily Language Practice Transparencies; Formal TECH: Writing and Grammar itext, Section 22.1; On-Line Exercise Bank, Section 22.1, 22.2; Teacher Express CD-ROM, Test Bank CD- ROM; Writing and Grammar Companion Web Site SE/TE: Research Report, 222 247; Using On- Line Sources in Research, 245 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 11-A-C; Writing Support Activity Book, 11-1; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Research Report, 222 247; Using On- Line Sources in Research, 245; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733; Reference Skills, 740 750 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 11-H; Writing Support Activity Book, 11-4; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 18
3. Identify and explain the importance of validity in sources, including publication date, coverage, language, points of view, and describe primary and secondary sources. 4. Select an appropriate structure for organizing information in a systematic way (e.g., notes, outlines, charts, tables and graphic organizers). 5. Analyze and organize important information, and select appropriate sources to support central ideas, concepts and themes. 6. Integrate quotations and citations into written text to maintain a flow of ideas. SE/TE: Research Report, 222 247; Using On- Line Sources in Research, 245; Reading From Varied Sources, 732 733; Reference Skills, 740 750 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 11-H; Writing Support Activity Book, 11-4; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Gathering Evidence, 131-133, 181, 231-234, 256-257; Creating Graphic Organizers, 681-684; Taking Notes, 739 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 7-E-F, 9, 11-D-E-F, 12-D; Writing Support Activity Book, Chapter 9, 12-2; Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 9-12, 53 SE/TE: Shaping Your Writing, 232-233 TR: Teaching Resources: Writing Support Activity Book; Writing Support Transparencies; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Focusing on Citations, 239; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 760 764 TR: Teaching Resources: Writing Support Activity Book; Writing Support Transparencies; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal 19
7. Use an appropriate form of documentation, with teacher assistance, to acknowledge sources (e.g., bibliography, works cited). 8. Use a variety of communication techniques, including oral, visual, written or multimedia reports, to present information that supports a clear position with organized and relevant evidence about the topic or research question. Communication: Oral and Visual Listening and Viewing 1. Demonstrate active listening strategies (e.g., asking focused questions, responding to cues, making visual contact). 2. Draw logical inferences from presentations and visual media. SE/TE: Focusing on Citations, 239; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 760 764 TR: Teaching Resources: Writing Support Activity Book; Writing Support Transparencies; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Research Report, 222 247; Response to Literature, 248 273; Writing for, 274 291; Spotlights on the Humanities, 28, 44, 68, 94, 120, 146, 170, 194, 218, 244, 288; Media and Technology Skills, 29, 45, 69, 95, 121, 147, 171, 195, 219, 245, 271, 289; Using Graphic Organizers, 719 720 TR: Writing Support Transparencies, 11-A-C, 11-H; Writing Support Activity Book; Extra Grammar and Writing Exercises; Formal SE/TE: Listening Effectively, 673-674; Persuasive Speech, 671; Viewing Information Media Critically, 678 679; Evaluate Objectivity of News Reports, 147 Book, 6-7 SE/TE: Persuasive Speech, 671; Viewing Information Media Critically, 678 679; Evaluate Objectivity of News Reports, 147; Viewing and Representing Skills, 675 679 Book, 6-8 20
3. Interpret the speaker s purpose in presentations and visual media (e.g., to inform, to entertain, to persuade). 4. Identify and explain the persuasive techniques (e.g., bandwagon, testimonial, glittering generalities, emotional word repetition and bait and switch) used in presentations and media messages. Speaking Skills and Strategies 5. Demonstrate an understanding of the rules of the English language and select language appropriate to purpose and audience. 6. Adjust volume, phrasing, enunciation, voice modulation and inflection to stress important ideas and impact audience response. 7. Vary language choices as appropriate to the context of the speech. SE/TE: Listening Effectively, 673-674; Persuasive Speech, 671; Viewing Information Media Critically, 678 679; Evaluate Objectivity of News Reports, 147; Performing and Interpreting, 688 Book, 6-7; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop SE/TE: Viewing Information Media Critically, 678 679; Evaluate Objectivity of News Reports, 147 Book, 8 SE/TE: Using Informal Speaking Skills, 669 670; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Performing and Interpreting, 688 Book, 1-5 SE/TE: Using Informal Speaking Skills, 669 670; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Performing and Interpreting, 688 Book, 3-5 SE/TE: Using Informal Speaking Skills, 669 670; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Performing and Interpreting, 688 Book, 3-5 21
Speaking Applications 8. Deliver informational presentations (e.g., expository, research) that: a. demonstrate an understanding of the topic and present events or ideas in a logical sequence; b. support the controlling idea or thesis with well-chosen and relevant facts, details, examples, quotations, statistics, stories and anecdotes; c. include an effective introduction and conclusion and use a consistent organizational structure (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast, problem-solution); SE/TE: Speeches, 45, 147; Developing a Multimedia Presentation, 685; Creating a Video, 686; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 669 670; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Performing and Interpreting, 688 Practice Book SE/TE: Speeches, 45, 147; Developing a Multimedia Presentation, 685; Creating a Video, 686; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 669 670; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Performing and Interpreting, 688 Book, 3-5 SE/TE: Speeches, 45, 147; Developing a Multimedia Presentation, 685; Creating a Video, 686; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 669 670; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Performing and Interpreting, 688 Book, 3-5 SE/TE: Speeches, 45, 147; Developing a Multimedia Presentation, 685; Creating a Video, 686; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 669 670; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Performing and Interpreting, 688 Book, 3-5 22
d. use appropriate visual materials (e.g., diagrams, charts, illustrations) and available technology; and e. draw from multiple sources and identify sources used. 9. Deliver formal and informal descriptive presentations that convey relevant information and descriptive details. SE/TE: Viewing and Representing Skills: Interpreting Maps, Graphs, and Photographs, 675 677; Creating Graphic Organizers, 681 683; Formatting to Create an Effect, 684; Developing a Multimedia Presentation, 685; 681- Creating a Video, 686; Speeches, 45, 147 Book, 9-13 SE/TE: Viewing and Representing Skills: Interpreting Maps, Graphs, and Photographs, 675 677; Creating Graphic Organizers, 681 683; Formatting to Create an Effect, 684; Developing a Multimedia Presentation, 685; 681- Creating a Video, 686; Speeches, 45, 147 Book, 9-13 SE/TE: Speeches, 45, 147; Developing a Multimedia Presentation, 685; Creating a Video, 686; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 669 670; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Performing and Interpreting, 688 Book, 3-5 10. Deliver persuasive presentations that: SE/TE: Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Newscast, 45; Evaluate Bias in the Media, 147 Book, 3-5 a. establish a clear position; SE/TE: Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Newscast, 45; Evaluate Bias in the Media, 147 23
b. include relevant evidence to support position and to address counter-arguments; and c. consistently use common organizational structures as appropriate (e.g., cause-effect, compare-contrast). Book, 3-5 SE/TE: Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Newscast, 45; Evaluate Bias in the Media, 147 Book, 3-5 SE/TE: Using Formal Speaking Skills, 671 672; Newscast, 45; Evaluate Bias in the Media, 147 Book, 3-5 24