Stage IV (6th - 8th grades)

Similar documents
Emmaus Lutheran School English Language Arts Curriculum

ELD CELDT 5 EDGE Level C Curriculum Guide LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT VOCABULARY COMMON WRITING PROJECT. ToolKit

Taught Throughout the Year Foundational Skills Reading Writing Language RF.1.2 Demonstrate understanding of spoken words,

Opportunities for Writing Title Key Stage 1 Key Stage 2 Narrative

California Department of Education English Language Development Standards for Grade 8

Advanced Grammar in Use

Developing Grammar in Context

1 st Quarter (September, October, November) August/September Strand Topic Standard Notes Reading for Literature

GERM 3040 GERMAN GRAMMAR AND COMPOSITION SPRING 2017

SAMPLE. Chapter 1: Background. A. Basic Introduction. B. Why It s Important to Teach/Learn Grammar in the First Place

First Grade Curriculum Highlights: In alignment with the Common Core Standards

Adjectives tell you more about a noun (for example: the red dress ).

Loughton School s curriculum evening. 28 th February 2017

ELA/ELD Standards Correlation Matrix for ELD Materials Grade 1 Reading

Today we examine the distribution of infinitival clauses, which can be

Writing a composition

BULATS A2 WORDLIST 2

Copyright 2017 DataWORKS Educational Research. All rights reserved.

Sample Goals and Benchmarks

Mercer County Schools

Course Outline for Honors Spanish II Mrs. Sharon Koller

Houghton Mifflin Reading Correlation to the Common Core Standards for English Language Arts (Grade1)

Ch VI- SENTENCE PATTERNS.

What the National Curriculum requires in reading at Y5 and Y6

5 th Grade Language Arts Curriculum Map

Participate in expanded conversations and respond appropriately to a variety of conversational prompts

BASIC ENGLISH. Book GRAMMAR

Words come in categories

Presentation Exercise: Chapter 32

Reading Grammar Section and Lesson Writing Chapter and Lesson Identify a purpose for reading W1-LO; W2- LO; W3- LO; W4- LO; W5-

The College Board Redesigned SAT Grade 12

Comprehension Recognize plot features of fairy tales, folk tales, fables, and myths.

English IV Version: Beta

Intensive English Program Southwest College

Text: envisionmath by Scott Foresman Addison Wesley. Course Description

Coast Academies Writing Framework Step 4. 1 of 7

French II Map/Pacing Guide

Programma di Inglese

Subject: Opening the American West. What are you teaching? Explorations of Lewis and Clark

Primary English Curriculum Framework

SENTENCE PARTS AND PATTERNS

4 th Grade Reading Language Arts Pacing Guide

English For All. Episode Guide. A General Description of EFA and A Guide to the Content and Learning Elements of Each Episode

English for Life. B e g i n n e r. Lessons 1 4 Checklist Getting Started. Student s Book 3 Date. Workbook. MultiROM. Test 1 4

Analyzing Linguistically Appropriate IEP Goals in Dual Language Programs

Course Syllabus Advanced-Intermediate Grammar ESOL 0352

Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns

Proposed syllabi of Foundation Course in French New Session FIRST SEMESTER FFR 100 (Grammar,Comprehension &Paragraph writing)

Word Stress and Intonation: Introduction

Myths, Legends, Fairytales and Novels (Writing a Letter)

Alignment of Iowa Assessments, Form E to the Common Core State Standards Levels 5 6/Kindergarten. Standard

Thornhill Primary School - Grammar coverage Year 1-6

Text Type Purpose Structure Language Features Article

Heritage Korean Stage 6 Syllabus Preliminary and HSC Courses

Chapter 9 Banked gap-filling

Preschool - Pre-Kindergarten (Page 1 of 1)

Oakland Unified School District English/ Language Arts Course Syllabus

Dear Teacher: Welcome to Reading Rods! Reading Rods offer many outstanding features! Read on to discover how to put Reading Rods to work today!

Approaches to control phenomena handout Obligatory control and morphological case: Icelandic and Basque

Dickinson ISD ELAR Year at a Glance 3rd Grade- 1st Nine Weeks

Pronunciation: Student self-assessment: Based on the Standards, Topics and Key Concepts and Structures listed here, students should ask themselves...

CORPUS ANALYSIS CORPUS ANALYSIS QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMTICAL ERRORS MADE BY THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF SMAN 5 PADANG IN WRITING PAST EXPERIENCES

How to Teach English

Correlated GRADE. Congratulations on your purchase of some of the finest teaching materials in the world. to State Standards

Introduction to HPSG. Introduction. Historical Overview. The HPSG architecture. Signature. Linguistic Objects. Descriptions.

Formulaic Language and Fluency: ESL Teaching Applications

a) analyse sentences, so you know what s going on and how to use that information to help you find the answer.

Grade 5: Module 3A: Overview

Nancy Hennessy M.Ed. 1

Grade 7. Prentice Hall. Literature, The Penguin Edition, Grade Oregon English/Language Arts Grade-Level Standards. Grade 7

Content Language Objectives (CLOs) August 2012, H. Butts & G. De Anda

Correspondence between the DRDP (2015) and the California Preschool Learning Foundations. Foundations (PLF) in Language and Literacy

Linguistic Variation across Sports Category of Press Reportage from British Newspapers: a Diachronic Multidimensional Analysis

Appendix D IMPORTANT WRITING TIPS FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS

Unit 8 Pronoun References

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 154 ( 2014 )

Holt McDougal Literature, Grade 11. Write Source, Grade 11

National Literacy and Numeracy Framework for years 3/4

5 Star Writing Persuasive Essay

PolicePrep Comprehensive Guide to Canadian Police Officer Exams

FOREWORD.. 5 THE PROPER RUSSIAN PRONUNCIATION. 8. УРОК (Unit) УРОК (Unit) УРОК (Unit) УРОК (Unit) 4 80.

Name of Course: French 1 Middle School. Grade Level(s): 7 and 8 (half each) Unit 1

1.2 Interpretive Communication: Students will demonstrate comprehension of content from authentic audio and visual resources.

Grade 5: Curriculum Map

W O R L D L A N G U A G E S

CHAPTER 5. THE SIMPLE PAST

Intra-talker Variation: Audience Design Factors Affecting Lexical Selections

TABE 9&10. Revised 8/2013- with reference to College and Career Readiness Standards

GRADE 1 GRAMMAR REFERENCE GUIDE Pre-Unit 1: PAGE 1 OF 21

Program Matrix - Reading English 6-12 (DOE Code 398) University of Florida. Reading

- Period - Semicolon - Comma + FANBOYS - Question mark - Exclamation mark

TOWNSHIP OF UNION PUBLIC SCHOOLS

Greeley-Evans School District 6 French 1, French 1A Curriculum Guide

CAAP. Content Analysis Report. Sample College. Institution Code: 9011 Institution Type: 4-Year Subgroup: none Test Date: Spring 2011

Basic Syntax. Doug Arnold We review some basic grammatical ideas and terminology, and look at some common constructions in English.

SPRING GROVE AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT

A Minimalist Approach to Code-Switching. In the field of linguistics, the topic of bilingualism is a broad one. There are many

Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Beginners French FREN 101 University Studies Program. Course Outline

Transcription:

ELP Listening/Speaking, Vocabulary, and Grammar Pacing Guide Stage IV (6th - 8th grades) The ELP Pacing Guide is constructed from the 2010 Arizona English Language Proficiency Standards. The first section of the pacing guide contains the year-long standards. These standards should be embedded into your daily instruction and common formative assessments as an ongoing process. The next section lists standards per quarter to be integrated into the ELD blocks. Listening/Speaking standards and Vocabulary standards should be integrated with reading instruction. Grammar standards should be integrated with writing instruction. The Listening & Speaking and Vocabulary standard included in this document do not have an AZCCRS correlation and therefore were not included in the ELA pacing guide. Both of these documents must be used in tandem when planning lessons in an ELD classroom.

Year Long Standards: Listening & Speaking IVLS1:E-2: segmenting multi-syllabic words into syllables. (/but/ter/fly/) (6th-8th grades). IVLS2:HI-3: expressing and justifying personal needs and emotions in complete sentences (6th-8th grades). IVLS2:HI-7: issuing a sequence of steps to carry out a familiar process using academic vocabulary (6th-8th grades). Vocabulary IVL2:HI-2: identifying the meaning/usage of sight words and applying them in context. (math, science, social studies) (6 th -8 th grades). IVL2:HI-3: identifying the meaning/usage of high frequency words and applying them in context. (math, science, social studies) (6 th -8 th grades). IVL2:HI-8 stating the words represented by abbreviations and acronyms(6th-8th grades). IVL2:HI-10: applying knowledge of homonyms in context (6th-8th grades). IVL2:HI-11: applying knowledge of homographs in context (6th-8th grades). IVL2:HI-15: distinguishing the literal and figurative meanings of idioms (8 th grade). Grammar IVL1(Q): HI-1: producing single word sentences to ask a question, using inflection when produced orally. IVL1(Q): HI-15: producing interrogative sentences beginning with what. IVL1(Q): HI-16: producing interrogative sentences beginning with where. IVL1(Q): HI-17: producing interrogative sentences beginning with who and whom. IVL1(Q): HI-18: producing interrogative sentences beginning with when. IVL1(Q): HI-19: producing interrogative sentences beginning with why. IVL1(Q): HI-20: producing interrogative sentences beginning with how. IVL1(Q): HI-21: producing interrogative sentences beginning with which. IVL1(Q): HI-22: producing interrogative sentences beginning with whose.

ELP Listening/Speaking, Vocabulary, and Grammar Pacing Stage IV Quarter 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4 Listening/Speaking IVLS1:HI-1: distinguishing between individual phonemes in minimal pairs, minimal phrases, and minimal sentences (6th-8th grades). IVLS1:E-2: segmenting multi-syllabic words into syllables. (/but/ter/fly/) (6 th -8 th grades) IVLS1:HI-6: producing the final steps to complete a set of teacher initiated instructions for familiar processes or procedures. (math, science, social studies) (6 th -8 th grades). IVLS2:HI-3: expressing and justifying personal needs and emotions in complete sentences. (6 th -8 th grades). Vocabulary IVL2:HI-1: reading and classifying words into conceptual categories and providing rationale for classification. (math, science, social studies) (6 th -8 th grades) IVL2:HI-6: applying contractions in context. (6 th -8 th grades) Listening/Speaking IVLS1:HI-5: sequencing events from information presented in read-alouds, presentations, and conversations. (math, science, social studies) (8 th grade) Vocabulary IVL2:HI-5: analyzing compound words in context. (math, science, social studies) (6 th -8 th grades) IVL2:HI-17: interpreting the words and clauses that signal chronological sequence, description, cause and effect, and problem and solution. (8 th grade) Verb Tenses Simple Past Refer to Grammar Guide page 48-50 IVL1 (V)HI-9: producing declarative, simple past tense regular verbs with subject-verb (math, science, social studies) IVL1 (V)HI-10: using simple past tense irregular verbs: to be, to have, to do, and to go to produce declarative, negative, and interrogative simple sentences (subjectverb agreement). Verb Tenses Future Perfect Refer to Grammar Guide page 91 IVL1(V)HI-29: producing declarative, future perfect tense verbs with subject-verb IVL1(Q)HI-11: producing questions in the future perfect tense, which require a yes or no response. Present Perfect Progressive Refer to Grammar Guide page 98 IVL1(V)HI-30: producing declarative, present perfect progressive tense with subject-verb IVL1(Q)HI-12: producing questions in the present perfect progressive tense, which require a yes or no response. Past Perfect Progressive Refer to Grammar Guide page 100 IVL1(V)HI-31: producing declarative, past perfect progressive tense verbs with subject-verb Listening/Speaking IVLS1:HI-4: making inferences and drawing conclusions from presentations. (math, science, social studies) (8 th grade) Vocabulary IVL2:HI-9: completing and explaining analogous relationships (e.g., hot: cold::small: ). (math, science, social studies) (6 th & 8 th grades) Verb Tenses The verb tense study standards should all be taught directly by the conclusion of the third instructional period and spiraled through instructional period 4. GRAMMAR. Verbs (V) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 33, 137 IVL1(V)HI-24: differentiating between the use of action verbs and nonaction/stative verbs without a present progressive. IVL1(V)HI-25: differentiating between the use of action verbs and nonaction/stative verbs (e.g., see/watch,

Verb Tenses Present Progressive Refer to Grammar Guide pages 42-43 IVL1 (V)HI-7: producing declarative, negative and interrogative sentences using present progressive tense verbs with subject-verb IVL1 (V)HI-8: differentiating between the use of simple present and present progressive verb tenses. IVL1 (V)HI-14: producing declarative, negative and interrogative sentences using the present participle going with the infinitive verb to form the future tense (e.g. I am going to dance) with subject-verb IVL1 (Q)HI-4: producing Yes/No questions in the present progressive tense. (math, science, social studies) IVL1(V)HI-13: differentiating between past, present and future verb tenses by responding to a prompt. Past Progressive Refer to Grammar Guide page 44 IVL1 (V)HI-16: producing declarative, negative and interrogative sentences using the past progressive tense with subjectverb IVL1 (Q)HI-7: producing Yes/No questions in the past progressive tense. Future Progressive Refer to Grammar Guide page 45 IVL1 (V)HI-20: producing declarative, negative and interrogative sentences using the future progressive tense with subject-verb agreement IVL1 (V)HI-11: producing declarative, irregular simple past tense verbs with subject-verb IVL1 (Q)HI-5: producing Yes/No questions in the simple past tense. Simple Future Refer to Grammar Guide page 51 IVL1 (V)HI-12: producing declarative, negative and interrogative sentences using the simple future tense (will) with subjectverb agreement IVL1 (Q)HI-6: producing Yes/No questions in the simple future tense with instructional support. (math, science, social studies) Present Perfect Refer to Grammar Guide page 56-57 IVL1(V)HI-21: producing declarative, negative and interrogative sentences using regular present perfect tense verbs with subject-verb agreement IVL1 (V)HI-22: producing declarative, negative and interrogative sentences using irregular present perfect tense verbs with subject-verb IVL1 (Q)HI-9: producing Yes/No questions in the present perfect tense. Past Perfect Refer to Grammar Guide page 94-95 IVL1(V)HI-28: producing declarative, negative, and interrogative sentences using past perfect tense verbs with subject-verb IVL1(Q)HI-10: producing questions in the past perfect tense, which require a yes or no response. IVL1(Q)HI-13: producing questions in the past perfect progressive tense, which require a yes or no response. Future Perfect Progressive Refer to Grammar Guide page 101 IVL1(V)HI-32: producing declarative, negative, and interrogative sentences using future perfect progressive tense verbs with subject-verb IVL1(Q)HI-14: producing questions in the future perfect progressive tense, which require a yes or no response. GRAMMAR Nouns (N) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 64, 66,74, 102,122, 135 IVL1(N)HI-4: using count and noncount nouns with definite and indefinite articles and/or quantifiers as appropriate. Pronouns (PRO) Refer to Grammar Guide page 34, 86-87, 136 IVL1(PRO)HI-6: using and justifying interrogative pronouns. IVL1(PRO)HI-9: using and justifying the use of relative pronouns. Verbs (V) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 33, 137 IVL1(V)HI-18: producing sentences using modal auxiliary verbs, negative modal auxiliary verbs, and present progressive modals (e.g., may be talking) with subject-verb agreement and with instructional support. IVL1(V)HI-26: producing sentences using the passive voice in the simple and hear/listen) in context. IVL1(V)HI-27: comparing transitive (e.g., lay, raise) and intransitive (e.g., lie, rise) verbs in context, with instructional support. Sentence Construction IVL1(SC) Producing sentences with the habitual past "state of being" sentence frame (subject + used to + simple present). IVL1(SC) Producing sentences with the habitual past repeated action sentence frame. (when + subject + simple past + comma +subject + "would" + simple present). IVL1(SC) Producing sentences in the present unreal conditional. L1(SC) Constructing sentences with the present future conditional tense. (e.g., "If it snows, I will go skiing."). Questions (Q) IVL1(Q)HI-26: producing tag questions.

IVL1 (Q)B-8: producing Yes/No questions in the future progressive tense. Simple Present Refer to Grammar Guide pages 46-47 IVL1 (V)HI-5: using simple present tense irregular verbs: to be, to have, to do, and to go to produce declarative, negative, and interrogative simple sentences with subject-verb IVL1 (V)HI-6: producing declarative, negative, and interrogative sentences using simple present tense verbs with subject-verb (math, science, social studies) IVL1(Q)HI-2: producing Yes/No questions in the simple present tense. IVL1(Q)HI-3: producing questions beginning with various forms of to be and containing a complement, which require yes or no responses. GRAMMAR Adjectives (ADJ) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 60, 62, 80, 86, 134 IVL1(ADJ)HI-1: producing a series of adjectives in the correct order (i.e., quantity/ concept/size/shape/ color). IVL1(ADJ)HI-3: using sensory/personality IVL1(ADJ)HI-5: defining and using proper adjectives with nouns. IVL1(ADJ)HI-7: using regular and irregular comparative Nouns (N) Refer to Grammar Guide page 64, 66,74, 102,122, 135 IVL1(N)HI-1: justifying use of common GRAMMAR Adjectives (ADJ) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 60, 62, 80, 86, 134 IVL1(ADJ)HI-2: using possessive IVL1(ADJ)HI-4: using demonstrative IVL1(ADJ)HI-6: using indefinite IVL1(ADJ)HI-8: using participles as Nouns (N) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 64, 66,74, 102,122, 135 IVL1(N)HI-6: distinguishing between plural nouns and singular possessive nouns. IVL1(N)HI-7: using regular and irregular plural possessive nouns. Verbs (V) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 33, 137 IVL1(V)HI-3: using imperative verbs. IVL1(V)HI-15: using linking verbs of sensation (e.g., taste, smell, sound, feel), linking verbs of being (e.g., act, seem, appear, look), and linking verbs of change (e.g., became, turned, has gone) to complete a declarative, negative, and interrogative sentence with subject-verb IVL1(V)HI-23: differentiating between the use of simple past tense and the present perfect tense. Pronouns (PRO) Refer to Grammar progressive tenses with instructional support. IVL1(V)HI-33: explaining the difference between the use of simple, progressive, and perfect verb tenses. Adverbs (ADV) Refer to Grammar Guide page 34, 86-87, 136 IVL1(ADV)HI -7: using intensifier adverbs (e.g., too, not, very, some, any hardly, barely, enough). IVL1(ADV)HI-8: using adverbs to show cause and effect. IVL1(ADV)HI-9: producing contrast IVL1(ADV)HI-10: using conditional Conjunctions (C) Refer to Grammar Guide page 78, 114, 128, 129, 130, 131, 140 IVL1(C)HI-3: defining and differentiating subordinating conjunctions. IVL1(C)HI-4: identifying and using subordinating conjunctions to begin a clause introducing a complete sentence. Sentence Construction (SC) IVL1(SC)HI-14: producing compound sentences. (i.e., independent clause + conjunction + independent clause). IVL1(SC)HI-15: producing compound sentences (i.e., independent clause + semi-colon + conjunctive adverb + independent clause). IVL1(SC)HI-16: constructing sentences using present habitual tense (e.g., "If it rains, I have my umbrella."). IVL1(SC)HI-18: producing sentences

versus proper nouns and definite versus indefinite articles IVL1(N)HI-2: justifying use of singular versus plural nouns, common versus proper nouns, and definite versus indefinite articles IVL1(N)HI-3: using singular or plural common and proper nouns with definite and indefinite articles as appropriate. IVL1(N)HI-5: using collective nouns with definite and indefinite articles as appropriate. Pronouns (PRO) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 34, 86-87, 136 IVL1(PRO)HI-1: using and justifying the appropriate personal subjective pronouns based upon the antecedent. IVL1(PRO)HI-5: using and justifying demonstrative pronouns. Verbs (V) Refer to Grammar Guide page 33, 137 IVL1(V)HI-1: defining and classifying physical action, mental action, and state of being (to be) verbs; explaining the relationship of a verb to the subject. IVL1(V)HI-4: identifying the infinitive form of the verb. IVL1(V)HI-17: distinguishing between the auxiliary (helping) verb and the main verb. L1(V) IVL1(V)HI-19: producing sentences with phrasal verbs. Adverbs (ADV) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 34, 86-87, 136 Guide pages 34, 86-87, 136 IVL1(PRO)HI-2: using and justifying (e.g., I used them instead of they because ) the appropriate personal subjective and personal objective pronouns. IVL1(PRO)HI-3: using and justifying (e.g., I used your instead of yours because ) the appropriate adjective form of the personal possessive pronoun versus the objective form. IVL1(PRO)HI-4: differentiating between personal subjective, personal objective, and personal possessive pronouns and their placement in sentences. IVL1(PRO)HI-7: stating when to use reflexive and intensive pronouns and using reflexive and intensive pronouns. IVL1(PRO)HI-8: using and justifying the use of indefinite pronouns. Adverbs (ADV) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 34, 86-87, 136 IVL1(ADV)HI-5: using regular and irregular comparative and superlative IVL1(ADV)HI-6: using conjunctive Prepositions (PREP) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 68, 70, 139 IVL1(PREP)HI-5: using prepositions of opposition. IVL1(PREP)HI-6: differentiating among prepositions of location, direction, time, action and movement, and opposition. IVL1(PREP)HI-7: using propositions of cause and effect, exception and contrast. Conjunctions (C) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 78, 114, 128, 129, using the passive voice. IVL1(SC)-19 producing sentences in the present real conditional. IVL1(SC)HI-23: completing a sentence frame consisting of an independent clause + relative pronoun + dependent clause to form a complex sentence IVL1(SC)HI-24: completing a sentence frame consisting of a dependent clause + comma + independent clause to form a complex sentence. Questions (Q) IVL1(Q)HI-23: producing questions with to be + there + subject + preposition + noun. IVL1(Q)HI-24 producing a question beginning with a modal auxiliary followed by a conditional dependent clause beginning with if. (e.g., Would you drive us to the movie, if we gave you gas money? ) IVL1(Q)HI-25: producing questions, which include the negative construction, using contractions.

IVL1(ADV)HI-1: using "when" IVL1(ADV)HI-2: using "frequency" IVL1(ADV)HI-3: using "how" adverbs IVL1(ADV)HI-4: using "where" Prepositions (PREP) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 68, 70, 139 IVL1(PREP)HI-1: using prepositions of location. IVL1(PREP)HI-2: using prepositions of direction. IVL1(PREP)HI-3: using prepositions of time. IVL1(PREP)HI-4: using prepositions of action and movement (including compound prepositions). Conjunctions (C) Refer to Grammar Guide pages 78, 114, 128, 129, 130, 131, 140 IVL1(C)HI-1: defining and justifying the use of coordinating conjunctions used to combine nouns, verbs, adjectives, phrases, or clauses. Phrase & Clause Construction (PH/CL) IVL1(PH/CL)HI-1: using a noun phrase in a complete sentence. IVL1(PH/CL)HI-2: using a joined noun IVL1(PH/CL)HI-3: using a verb phrase in a complete sentence. IVL1(PH/CL)HI-4: using a joined verb L1(PH/CL)HI-5: using a prepositional 130, 131, 140 IVL1(C)HI-2: defining and differentiating correlative conjunctions. Interjections (I) Refer to Grammar Guide page 141 IVL1(I)HI-1: using interjections in appropriate context. Phrase & Clause Construction (PH/CL) IVL1(PH/CL)HI-7: using an adverbial IVL1(PH/CL)HI-8: using an auxiliary and/or modal auxiliary verb phrase in a complete sentence. IVL1(PH/CL)HI-9: using an adverb + an adjective (e.g., too hot, very cold) in a sentence. IVL1(PH/CL)HI-12: using a participial IVL1(PH/CL)HI-13: using noun clauses in a complete sentence. IVL1(PH/CL)HI-14: using a gerund Sentence Construction (SC) IVL1(SC)HI-7: producing sentences with a subject + verb + direct object + indirect object with subject-verb (math, science, social studies) IVL1(SC)HI-8: producing sentences with a subject + verb + indirect object + direct object with subject- verb (math, science, social studies)

IVL1(PH/CL)HI-6: using an infinitive verb phrase to complete a sentence frame. IVL1(PH/CL)HI-10: using a linking verb + adjective complement to complete sentence. IVL1(PH/CL)HI-11: using a linking verbs + noun complement to complete sentence. Sentence Construction (SC) IVL1(SC)HI-1: identifying the subject (e.g., singular, plural, compound, collective nouns) in a sentence. IVL1(SC)HI-2: identifying the predicate in all sentence construction patterns. IVL1(SC)HI-3: producing sentences with a subject, linking verb, complement (S-V- C) with subject-verb IVL1(SC)HI-4: producing sentences in the negative construction with a subject, linking verb, and predicate adjective/nominative complement (S- V- C) with subject-verb IVL1(SC)HI-11: producing sentences with an adverb to modify the verb. IVL1(SC)HI-12: producing sentences with an adverb to modify an adjective. IVL1(SC)HI-13: producing sentences with an adverb to modify an adverb. IVL1(SC)HI-17: constructing a sentence using reflexive pronouns. IVL1(SC)HI-20: producing imperative sentences. IVL1(SC)HI-21: producing sentences with interjections. (e.g., "Ouch, that hurt. ) IVL1(SC)HI-22: producing sentences in the subjunctive mood. (e.g., "Jack recommended that Jill stop.") IVL1(SC)HI-5: producing sentences with a subject, verb and object (S-V-O) with subject-verb IVL1(SC)HI-6: producing sentences in the negative construction with subject- verb IVL1(SC)HI-9: producing sentences with a subject, verb and prepositional phrase, with subject-verb IVL1(SC)HI-10: producing sentences using There + to be + subject + prepositional phrase, with subject-verb