Genitourinary Radiology: Kidney, Bladder and Urethra

Genitourinary Radiology: Kidney, Bladder and Urethra

Vikram S. Dogra Gregory T. MacLennan Editors Ahmet Tuncay Turgut Anastasia Canacci Associate Editors Mehmet Ruhi Onur Assistant Editor Genitourinary Radiology: Kidney, Bladder and Urethra The Pathologic Basis

Editors Vikram S. Dogra, M.D. University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester New York USA Associate Editors Ahmet Tuncay Turgut, M.D. Ankara Training and Research Hospital Ankara, Turkey Gregory T. MacLennan, M.D. Institute of Pathology Cleveland Ohio USA Anastasia Canacci, M.D. Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH, USA Assistant Editor Mehmet Ruhi Onur, M.D. University of Firat Elazig, Turkey ISBN 978-1-84800-244-9 ISBN 978-1-84800-245-6 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-84800-245-6 Springer London Heidelberg New York Dordrecht Library of Congress Control Number: 2012948391 Springer-Verlag London 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, speci fi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on micro fi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied speci fi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a speci fi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

This book is dedicated to all my teachers Vikram S. Dogra This book is dedicated to my best friend, my wife, Carrol Anne MacLennan Gregory T. MacLennan

Preface There are many excellent textbooks in the disciplines of Radiology and Pathology. However, no current textbook includes both radiologic and pathologic descriptions of disease entities. It is our impression that, although Radiologists are certainly very well-versed in the intricacies of Radiology, they are less familiar with the vast amount of knowledge available regarding the underlying pathology of the entities that they encounter in their diagnostic work. The editors of this book are both deeply interested in diseases of the genitourinary tract, as well as gynecologic diseases, and have worked together to create a number of scientific and educational publications in those fields, each of us contributing materials from our own specialties: Pathology in Dr. MacLennan s case, and Radiology in Dr. Dogra s case. Our mutual interest in these fields led us to believe that it would be beneficial, from an educational standpoint, to create one or more textbooks that would describe current genitourinary and gynecologic radiologic imaging and diagnostic techniques, and whenever possible, to embellish the radiologic material with descriptions of the pathology of the genitourinary disease entity under discussion. With the help of many dedicated and highly respected colleagues, and our publisher, we have done that to the best of our abilities. We hope the reader finds our offerings helpful. Gregory T. MacLennan, M.D. Vikram S. Dogra, M.D. vii

Acknowledgements We sincerely appreciate and acknowledge the assistance of Patty Miller in the Department of Imaging Sciences at the University of Rochester Medical Center for assisting us in the manuscript preparation for this book. ix

Contents 1 Renal Neoplasms...................................................... 1 Mehmet Ruhi Onur, Shweta Bhatt, Vikram S. Dogra, and Gregory T. MacLennan 2 Inflammatory Conditions of the Kidney.................................. 65 Kemal Ödev, Ahmet Tuncay Turgut, and Gregory T. MacLennan 3 Cystic Diseases of the Kidney........................................... 95 Adnan Kabaalioğlu and Gregory T. MacLennan 4 Renal Calculus Disease............................................. 121 Alparslan Ünsal and Can Zafer Karaman 5 Vascular Disorders of the Kidney.................................... 145 Ahmet Yigit Göktay and Gregory T. MacLennan 6 Medical Renal Disease and Transplantation Considerations.............. 185 Suha Sureyya Ozbek and Gregory T. MacLennan 7 Non-neoplastic Disorders of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter................. 213 Suat Fitoz and Gregory T. MacLennan 8 Neoplasms of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter............................. 239 Mustafa Seçil and Gregory T. MacLennan 9 Renal and Ureteral Trauma......................................... 269 Mehmet Ruhi Onur and Vikram S. Dogra 10 Nonneoplastic Disorders of the Bladder............................... 279 Artur Salmaslioglu, Baris Turkbey, Musturay Karcaaltincaba, and Gregory T. MacLennan 11 Neoplasms of the Bladder........................................... 297 Eriz Özden, Ahmet Tuncay Turgut, and Gregory T. MacLennan 12 Bladder Trauma.................................................. 329 Artur Salmaslioglu, Baris Turkbey, and Musturay Karcaaltincaba 13 Congenital and Acquired Nonneoplastic Disorders of the Urethra......... 335 Mustafa Seçil and Gregory T. MacLennan 14 Neoplasms of the Urethra........................................... 355 Michele Bertolotto, Massimo Valentino, Libero Barozzi, Giovanni Serafini, Francesca Cacciato, Pietro Pavlica, and Gregory T. MacLennan Index................................................................ 371 xi

Contributors Editors Vikram S. Dogra M.D. University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA Gregory T. MacLennan, M.D. Division of Anatomic Pathology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA Associate Editors Anastasia Canacci, M.D. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA Ahmet Tuncay Turgut, M.D. Department of Radiology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Assistant Editor Mehmet Ruhi Onur, M.D. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey Authors Libero Barozzi, M.D. Department of Radiology, University Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy Michele Bertolotto, M.D. Department of Radiology, Cattinara Hospital, University Hospital Riuniti Trieste, Trieste, Italy Shweta Bhatt, M.D. Department of Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA Francesca Cacciato, M.D. Department of Radiology, Cattinara Hospital, University Hospital Riuniti Trieste, Trieste, Italy Suat Fitoz, M.D. Department of Radiology, Medical School, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey Ahmet Yigit Göktay, M.D. Department of Radiology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Inciralti, İzmir, Turkey Adnan Kabaalioğlu, M.D. Department of Radiology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey Can Zafer Karaman, M.D. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey Musturay Karcaaltincaba, M.D. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey xiii

xiv Contributors Kemal Ödev, M.D. Department of Radiology, Meram Medical School of Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey Suha Sureyya Ozbek, M.D. Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty, Ege University School of Medicine, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey Eriz Özden, M.D. Department of Urology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey Pietro Pavlica, M.D. Department of Radiology, University Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy Clinica Privata Villalba Hospital, Bologna, Italy Artur Salmaslioglu, M.D. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Mustafa Seçil, M.D. Department of Radiology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Inciralti, İzmir, Turkey Giovanni Serafini, M.D. Department of Radiology, S. Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy Baris Turkbey, M.D. Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA Alparslan Ünsal, M.D. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey Massimo Valentino, M.D. S.S: D. Radiologia d Urgenza, Dipartimento di Radiologia e Diagnostica per Immagini, Maggiore Hospital, University Hospital Parma, Parma, Italy