Careers in Medicine Physician Assistant Medical Doctor Radiologist
Health Care Industry in America The health sector now accounts for 15% of our nations economy Healthcare jobs make up approximately 11% of total US workforce (1 in 9 jobs) The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that by 2014, one of every 5 new jobs will be in health care. Total US Employment dropped 2% between 2000 and 2010 US Health Care Employment increased 25% in the same period US Health Care Sector is projected to add over 4.2 million jobs between 2010 and 2020
Physician Assistants A healthcare professional who is licensed to practice medicine as part of a team with physicians. PAs help prevent and treat illness by providing a broad range of health care services in collaboration with a physician or surgeon. They perform physical exams, diagnose and treat illnesses, order and interpret tests, perform procedures, prescribe medications, counsel on preventive health care and may assist in surgeries. PAs work with all types of physicians; family practice, internal medicine, pediatrics, emergency medicine, psychiatry and general and specialty surgeons
Physician Assistants Academic Requirements (University of Utah) Bachelor s Degree (4 year college degree) Prerequisite College Coursework Human Anatomy, Human Physiology, Biology, Chemistry Minimum College GPA of 3.0 Health Care Experience Minimum of 2000 hours at application Direct patient care preferred 27 month training program Practice Perform Physical Exams, Diagnose & Treat Illnesses, Order & Interpret Lab Tests, Perform Procedures, Prescribe Medications Tuition (2014): $62,384. Salary (2013): $60,000 $130,000.
Physician Assistants University of Utah (Class of 2013 2015) 907 Applicants 91 Interviewed 44 Accepted 20 female, 24 male 22 In-State, 22 Out-of-State Age Range: 23-50 Average Age: 31 Average GPA: 3.52 Average Science GPA: 3.51 Average Hours of Health Care Experience: 13,459 (6.5 years) Undergraduate Degrees Athletic Training-2, Biology/Chemistry-7, Business-2, Exercise Science-2, Health Education/Science-10, Psychology-2, Respiratory Therapy-5, Anthropology, Computer Science, History, Home Economics, Political Science, Nutrition, Radiography Health Care Experience Medical Assistant-7, Paramedic-7, Medic-2, EMT-3, Athletic Trainer-3, Radiology Technologist-2, Massage Therapist, Physical Therapist, Psychotherapist, Pulmonary Tech, Surgical Tech, LPN
Medical School Academic Requirements (University of Utah) Bachelor s Degree GPA 3.2, No specific major (many have science degrees) Premedical Coursework Chemistry (2 years), Physics (1 year), Writing/Communications (1 year) Biology (2 courses), Social Science (1 course), Humanities (1 course) Diversity (1 course) Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) Physical Sciences General Chemistry, Physics Biological Sciences Biology, Organic Chemistry Verbal Reasoning Humanities, Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, Technology Physical & Biological Sciences Cognitive Skills Verbal Reasoning Cognitive Skills Required Activities Extracurricular Work, Athletics, Family, Church, Clubs, Hobbies, Volunteering Community & Volunteer Service Leadership Employment, Church, Community, School Organizations Research Physician Shadowing Patient Exposure
Medical School University of Utah School of Medicine - 2014 1523 Applicants 560 Interviewed 102 Accepted Going Forward Do not need ties to Utah, Will accept 122 4 Year Curriculum Phase 1 (4 months) Medical Science Gross Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Genetics Clinical Medicine Interviewing & Physical Examination Skills Phase 2 (18 months) Medical Science Molecules, Cells & Cancer, Host & Defenses, Metabolism & Reproduction, Circulation/Respiration & Regulation, Brain & Behavior, Skin/Muscle/Bone & Joint, The Life Cycle Clinical Medicine students see patients in clinics and are exposed to subspecialty practices
Medical School 4 Year Curriculum continued Phase 3 (12 months) Medical Science Lectures Clinical Medicine Clerkships: Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Surgery & Neurology Phase 4 (12 months) Tracks Elective rotations that allow students to prepare for their chosen residencies and career paths Graduate Medical Education Internship & Residency Make Application for Residency Training Interview with Residency Programs Rank your Residency Programs Match Day
Residency Training Family Practice 3 years Internal Medicine 3 years Anesthesiology 3 years Pediatrics 3 years Emergency Medicine 3 years Ophthalmology Internship + 3 years Obstetrics & Gynecology 4 years Pathology 4 years Psychiatry 4 years General Surgery 5 years Orthopedic Surgery 5 years
Residency Training Cardiology Internal Medicine Residency + 3 years Gastroenterology Internal Medicine Residency + 3 years Otolaryngology (ENT Head & Neck Surgery) 5 years Neurosurgery 7 years Cardiothoracic Surgery 7+ years Radiology 5-7 years Year 1: Years 2-5: Internship Radiology Residency Years 6-7: Fellowship (Musculoskeletal, Neuroradiology, Body Imaging, Pediatric Radiology, Interventional Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, Women s Imaging, Emergency
Let s talk dollars Association of American Medical Colleges 2013-14 Average Medical School Tuition and Fees Public Medical School (State Universities) Resident (In State) $33,220 / year $132,880 Non-Resident $57,238 / year $228,952 Private Medical School (Harvard, Johns Hopkins, Mayo Clinic) Resident $51,980 / year $207,920 Non-Resident $52,918 / year $211672 University of Utah (Resident) $34,524/year $138,096 Resident/Fellow Salaries 2011-2012 PGY-1 $49,394 PGY-5 $57,738 PGY-2 51,270 PGY-6 60,015 PGY-3 53,384 PGY-7 62,023 PGY-4 55,516 PGY-8 63,816
Let s talk dollars Medscape Physician Compensation Report 2014 Average Physician Salaries Family Practice $174,000 Pediatrician $181,000 Internal Medicine $188,000 Neurology $219,000 Obstetrics & Gynecology $243,000 Emergency Medicine $272,000 Oncology $290,000 Ophthalmology $291,000 General Surgeon $295,000 Dermatology $308,000 Anesthesiologist $338,000 Cardiologist $351,000 Orthopedic Surgeon $413,000
The Future for Physicians Association of American Medical Colleges Increase in doctor visits for persons over 45 years old Decreased work hours for physicians generational, gender Increase in doctors trained (2006 25,000; 2020 27,600) Increase in productivity using more PAs and NPs Future Shortages of Physicians All Specialties Primary Care Specialties 2015 62,900 29,800 33,100 2020 91,500 45,400 46,100 2025 130,600 65,800 64,800
The Future for Physicians The future of medicine under the ACA is uncertain Physician incomes are falling Practice expenses are rising Doctors must see more patients per day to maintain income Education takes years (11-15) and costs $100,000 - $200,000 Control of decisions shifting to health system executives You will always be able to find a job You will make relatively good money by most standards You will make a difference in the lives of your patients If you enter medicine with the right understanding and for the right reasons You will have job satisfaction
If this doesn t end well
The Radiologist s Role
The Radiologist s Role
Intro to Radiology Diagnostic Radiologists Interpret images of the body to diagnose diseases Imaging Tests Radiography (X-rays) Computed Tomography (CT scan or CAT scan) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Ultrasonography (US) Nuclear Medicine Interventional Radiologists Perform procedures using imaging guidance
Diagnostic Radiologist Interventional Radiologist
X-rays
Radiology Report XYZ Hospital Date: 10/09/2014 Patient: John Doe DOB: 06/14/1985
Radiology Report XYZ Hospital Date: 10/25/2012 Patient: John Doe DOB: 06/14/1985 Exam: PA Chest X-Ray. History: Shortness of breath and chest pain. Technique: Single PA view is submitted. Findings: The lungs are clear without infiltrate. No pneumothorax or pleural effusion is evident. Heart size and mediastinal contour are normal. No acute bony abnormality is evident. Impression: 1. No active pulmonary disease.
X-Ray Table
Anatomic Planes of the Body
Ultrasound Machine
CT Scanner
MRI Scanner
The magnetic field of a typical MRI is 25,000 times stronger than the earth s magnetic field. Caution: Strong Magnetic Field. Please remove all metal objects from your person before entering the MRI room.
CT image in the transverse plane through the upper abdomen The patient s right side is on the left of the image The front of the patient is at the top of the image
MRI image in the sagittal plane through the head
THE END Thanks