Applied Radiological Anatomy Second Edition
Applied Radiological Anatomy Second Edition Edited by: Paul Butler Consultant Neuroradiologist, The Royal London Hospital, Adam W. M. Mitchell Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London; Honorary Senior Lecturer at Imperial College Jeremiah C. Healy Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London; Honorary Senior Lecturer at Imperial College
cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Tokyo, Mexico City Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York Information on this title: /9780521766661 First edition Cambridge University Press 1999 Second edition Cambridge University Press 2011 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First edition published 1999 Second edition published 2011 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Applied radiological anatomy / edited by Paul Butler, Adam Mitchell, Jeremiah C. Healy. 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-521-76666-1 (hardback) 1. Radiography, Medical. 2. Human anatomy. 3. Human anatomy Atlases. I. Butler, Paul, 1954 June 4 II. Mitchell, Adam W. M. III. Ellis, Harold, 1926 IV. Title. RC78.A675 2011 616.07'572 dc22 2011007348 ISBN 978-0-521-76666-1 Hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Every effort has been made in preparing this book to provide accurate and up-to-date information which is in accord with accepted standards and practice at the time of publication. Although case histories are drawn from actual cases, every effort has been made to disguise the identities of the individuals involved. Nevertheless, the authors, editors and publishers can make no warranties that the information contained herein is totally free from error, not least because clinical standards are constantly changing through research and regulation. The authors, editors and publishers therefore disclaim all liability for direct or consequential damages resulting from the use of material contained in this book. Readers are strongly advised to pay careful attention to information provided by the manufacturer of any drugs or equipment that they plan to use.
Contents List of contributors Section 1 Central Nervous System 1 The skull and brain 1 Kieran M. Hogarth, Jozef Jarosz and Paul Butler 2 The orbit and visual pathway 35 Indran Davagnanam and Jonathan L. Hart 3 The petrous temporal bone 47 Tim Beale and Simon Morley 4 The extracranial head and neck 56 Tim Beale 5 The vertebral column and spinal cord 75 Asif Saifuddin Section 2 Thorax, abdomen and Pelvis 6 The chest 91 Sheila Rankin 7 The heart and great vessels 109 Simon Padley and Narayan Karunanithy 8 The Breast 126 Steven D. Allen 9 The anterior abdominal wall and peritoneum 134 Nishat Bharwani and Rodney H. Reznek 10 The abdomen and retroperitoneum 150 Navin Ramachandran and Aslam Sohaib 11 The gastrointestinal tract 181 Nasir Khan 12 The kidney and adrenal gland 213 Uday Patel and Hema Verma ix 13 The male pelvis 230 Nevin T. Wijesekera, Michael Gonsalves and Uday Patel 14 The female pelvis 247 Catriona L. Davies Section 3 Upper and Lower Limb 15 The upper limb 278 Gajan Rajeswaran and Justin Lee 16 The lower limb 319 Gonzalo Ansede, Adam W. M. Mitchell and Jeremiah C. Healy Section 4 Obstetrics and Neonatology 17 Obstetrical imaging 366 Ian Suchet Index 383 v
Contributors Steven D. Allen, BSc, MBBS, MRCS, FRCR Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK Gonzalo Ansede Specialist Registrar in Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Tim Beale University College London Hospitals and Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, Nishat Bharwani, BSc, MBBS, MRCP, FRCR Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Paul Butler, MRCP, FRCR Consultant Neuroradiologist, The Royal London Hospital, Indran Davagnanam, MB, BCh, BAO, BMedSci, FRCR Neuroradiology Specialist Registrar, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, Catriona L. Davies, MBBS, MRCP, FRCR Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Michael Gonsalves Radiology Registrar, St George s Hospital, Jonathan L. Hart, MA (Oxon), BMBCh, MRCS, FRCR Specialist Registrar, Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, Jeremiah C. Healy Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London; Honorary Senior Lecturer, at Imperial College Kieran M. Hogarth, BSC, MBBS, FRCR Consultant Neuroradiologist, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK Josef Jarosz Consultant Neuroradiologist, King s College Hospital, Narayan Karunanithy, MRCS, FRCR Guy s and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, and Honorary Clinical Lecturer King s College, Nasir Khan, MBBS, MRCP, FRCR Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Justin Lee Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Adam W. M. Mitchel Chelsea, and Westminster Hospital, London; Honorary Senior Lecturer, at Imperial College Simon Morley University College London Hospitals, Simon Padley, BSc, MBBS, FRCP, FRCR Chelsea and Westminster and Royal Brompton Hospitals and Honorary Senior Lecturer, Imperial College Uday Patel St George s Hospital, Gajan Rajeswaran, FRCR Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, vii
Contributors Navin Ramachandran, BSc, MBBS, MRCP, FRCR University College London Hospitals, Sheila Rankin Radiology Department, Guy s Hospital, Rodney H. Rezrek, MA, FRANZCR (hon), FFR RCSI (hon), FRCP, FRCR Emeritus Professor of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Bartholomew s Cancer Institute, St. Bartholomew s and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of Asif Saifuddin Consultant Musculoskeletal Radiologist, The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, UK Aslam Sohaib, MRCP, FRCR Royal Marsden Hospital, Ian Suchet Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada Hema Verma, MRCP, FRCR Specialist Registrar in Radiology, St G e orge s Hospit a l, Nevin T. Wijesekera Specialist Registrar in Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, viii