Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar: Communication In Action Silver Level 2004 Pennsylvania Academic Standards for Reading, Writing, Listening, and Speaking 1.1. Learning to Read Independently 1.1.8. GRADE 8 A. Locate appropriate texts (literature, information, documents) for an assigned purpose before reading. B. Identify and use common organizational structures and graphic features to comprehend information. C. Use knowledge of root words as well as context clues and glossaries to understand specialized vocabulary in the content areas during reading. Use these words accurately in speaking and writing. SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion SE/TE: Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion SE/TE: Vocabulary and Spelling, 694; Developing Your Vocabulary, 695 698; Studying Words Systematically, 699 701; Studying Word Parts and Origins, 702 705; Spelling, 706 717. Vocabulary and Spelling Workbook and Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 19 32: Writing Support; 1
D. Identify basic facts and ideas in text using specific strategies (e.g., recall genre characteristics, set a purpose for reading, generate essential questions as aids to comprehension and clarify understanding through rereading and discussion). E. Expand a reading vocabulary by identifying and correctly using idioms and words with literal and figurative meanings. Use a dictionary or related reference. F. Understand the meaning of and apply key vocabulary across the various subject areas. SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion SE/TE: Vocabulary and Spelling, 694; Developing Your Vocabulary, 695 698; Studying Words Systematically, 699 701; Studying Word Parts and Origins, 702 705; Spelling, 706 717. Vocabulary and Spelling Workbook and Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 19 32: Writing Support; SE/TE: Vocabulary and Spelling, 694; Developing Your Vocabulary, 695 698; Studying Words Systematically, 699 701; Studying Word Parts and Origins, 702 705; Spelling, 706 717. Vocabulary and Spelling Workbook and Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 19 32: Writing Support; 2
G. Demonstrate after reading understanding and interpretation of both fiction and nonfiction text, including public documents. Make, and support with evidence, assertions about texts. Compare and contrast texts using themes, settings, characters and ideas. Make extensions to related ideas, topics or information. SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion SE/TE: Comparing, 679, 730; Comparison-and Contrast Essay pages 162 185 Companion SE/TE: Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion Describe the context of a document. SE/TE: Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion 3
Analyze the positions, arguments and evidence in public documents. SE/TE: Persuasive Essay, 134 161; Persuasive Techniques, 684; Persuasive Language, 678; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion H. Demonstrate fluency and comprehension in reading. Read familiar materials aloud with accuracy. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 Workbooks, Self-correct mistakes. SE/TE: Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion Use appropriate rhythm, flow, meter and pronunciation. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 Workbooks, 4
Read a variety of genres and types of text. SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: The Star of the Rodeo 50 53; New Clothes for School 78 83; Accounts Settled 108 111; Darkness at Noon 136 139; Are Animals Smart? 164 165; Why Is the Sea Blue? 188 189; A Simple Shadow 212 213; The Underground Railroad 236 237; Welcome Back 262 263; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion Demonstrate comprehension (Standard 1.1.8.G.). (Recommend: 25 books/year) SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion 1.2. Reading Critically in All Content Areas 1.2.8. GRADE 8 A. Read and understand essential content of informational texts and documents in all academic areas. Differentiate fact from opinion utilizing resources that go beyond traditional text (e.g., newspapers, magazines and periodicals) to electronic media. SE/TE: Facts from Opinions, 678; Persuasive Essay, 134 161; Bias, 684 Companion 5
Distinguish between essential and nonessential information across texts and going beyond texts to a variety of media; identify bias and propaganda where present. Draw inferences based on a variety of information sources. Evaluate text organization and content to determine the author s purpose and effectiveness according to the author s theses, accuracy and thoroughness. SE/TE: Viewing Information Media Critically, 683, 684; Interpreting Fine Art, 685 Workbooks, SE/TE: Inferences, 108, 111, 728, 738, 739; Conclusions, 39, 294 Companion SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion B. Use and understand a variety of media and evaluate the quality of material produced. Compare and analyze how different media offer a unique perspective on the information presented. Analyze the techniques of particular media messages and their effect on a targeted audience. SE/TE: Viewing Information Media Critically, 683, 684; Interpreting Fine Art, 685 Workbooks, SE/TE: Viewing Information Media Critically, 683, 684; Interpreting Fine Art, 685 Workbooks, TECH: itext CD-ROM; Resource Pro CD-ROM 6
Analyze the techniques of particular media messages and their effect on a targeted audience. Use, design and develop a media project that expands understanding (e.g., authors and works from a particular historical period). C. Produce work in at least one literary genre that follows the conventions of the genre. TECH: SE/TE: Viewing and Representing Skills, 680; Creating Visual Aids, 686 687, Formatting, 688; Working with Multimedia, 689; Creating a Video, 690; Performing or Interpreting, 691 Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book; Assessment; Companion SE/TE: A Walk Through the Writing Process pages 12 27; Autobiographical Writing pages 48 75; Short Story pages 76 105; Description pages 106 133; Persuasive Essay pages 134 161; Comparison-and Contrast Essay pages 162 185; Cause-and-Effect Essay pages 186 209; How-to Essay pages 210 233; Research Report pages 234 259; Response to Literature pages 260 287; Writing for Assessment pages 288 304 1.3. Reading, Analyzing and Interpreting Literature 1.3.8. GRADE 8 A. Read and understand works of literature. SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: The Star of the Rodeo 50 53; New Clothes for School 78 83; Accounts Settled 108 111; Darkness at Noon 136 139; Are Animals Smart? 164 165; Why Is the Sea Blue? 188 189; A Simple Shadow 212 213; The Underground Railroad 236 237; Welcome Back 262 263; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 7
A. Read and understand works of literature. B. Analyze the use of literary elements by an author including characterization, setting, plot, theme, point of view, tone and style. Companion SE/TE: Characters, 57, 77, 87, 91, 103; Plot, 58, 88, 103, 104; Point of View, 114, 117, 119, 731; Theme, 77, 87, 103, 104, 170, 269; Reading Skills, 719 737 Companion C. Analyze the effect of various literary devices. Sound techniques (e.g., rhyme, rhythm, meter, alliteration). Figurative language (e.g., personification, simile, metaphor, hyperbole, allusion). D. Identify poetic forms (e.g., ballad, sonnet, couplet). SE/TE: Vivid Words, 295; Images, 73; Alliteration, 128; Figurative Language, 696, 734 Workplace Skills Activity Book; Writing, Grammar, Usage and Mechanics, Assessment; Workbooks: Writing Support; SE/TE: Figurative Language, 696, 734 Workplace Skills Activity Book; Writing, Grammar, Usage and Mechanics, Assessment; Workbooks: Writing Support; SE/TE: Poetry, 733 734 Workbooks: Writing Support; 8
E. Analyze drama to determine the reasons for a character s actions taking into account the situation and basic motivation of the character. F. Read and respond to nonfiction and fiction including poetry and drama. 1.4. Types of Writing SE/TE: Drama, 691, 732 733 SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263; Reading Skills: Reading Methods and Tools, 719 724; Reading Nonfiction Critically, 725 730; Reading Literary Writing, 731 735; Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737 Companion 1.4.8. GRADE 8 A. Write short stories, poems and plays. Apply varying organizational methods. SE/TE: A Walk Through the Writing Process, 12 27; Autobiographical Writing, 48 75; Short Story, 76 105 Use relevant illustrations. SE/TE: Autobiographical Writing, 48 75; Short Story, 76 105 9
Utilize dialogue. SE/TE: Dialogue, 95, 100, 483, 615; Autobiographical Writing, 48 75; Short Story, 76 105 Apply literary conflict. SE/TE: Autobiographical Writing, 48 75; Short Story, 76 105 Include literary elements (Standard 1.3.8.B.) SE/TE: Autobiographical Writing, 48 75; Short Story, 76 105 Use literary devices (Standard 1.3.8.C.). SE/TE: Autobiographical Writing, 48 75; Short Story, 76 105 B. Write multi-paragraph informational pieces (e.g., letters, descriptions, reports, instructions, essays, articles, interviews). Include cause and effect. SE/TE: Cause-and-Effect Essay pages 186 209 Test Bank CD-ROM 10
Include cause and effect. Develop a problem and solution when appropriate to the topic. Use relevant graphics (e.g., maps, charts, graphs, tables, illustrations, photographs). TECH: Writer s at Work Videotape; Writing and Grammar Companion SE/TE: Problem Solution Essay, 229 SE/TE: Viewing and Representing Skills, 680; Creating Visual Aids, 686 687, Formatting, 688; Spotlights on the Humanities, 72, 102, 130, 158, 182, 206, 230, 257, 284, 302; Media and Technology Skills, 73, 103, 131, 159, 183, 207, 231, 258, 285, 303 Use primary and secondary sources. SE/TE: Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 762; Internet Research Handbook, 769 771 C. Write persuasive pieces. Include a clearly stated position or opinion. SE/TE: Per Bias, 684; Persuasive Essay, 134 161; Persuasive Techniques, 684; Persuasive Language, 678 Test Bank CD-ROM 11
Include a clearly stated position or opinion. Include convincing, elaborated and properly cited evidence. TECH: Writer s at Work Videotape; Writing and Grammar Companion SE/TE: Per Bias, 684; Persuasive Essay, 134 161; Persuasive Techniques, 684; Persuasive Language, 678 Develop reader interest. SE/TE: Per Bias, 684; Persuasive Essay, 134 161; Persuasive Techniques, 684; Persuasive Language, 678 Anticipate and counter reader concerns and arguments. D. Maintain a written record of activities, course work, experience, honors and interests. SE/TE: Per Bias, 684; Persuasive Essay, 134 161; Persuasive Techniques, 684; Persuasive Language, 678 SE/TE: Writing Portfolio, 67, 96, 125, 152, 177, 202, 226, 251, 279, 297; Rubric for Self Evaluation, 67, 96, 125, 152, 177, 202, 226, 251, 279, 297 12
1.5. Quality of Writing 1.5.8. GRADE 8 A. Write with a sharp, distinct focus. Identify topic, task and audience. SE/TE: Prewriting: Audience, 57, 87, 114, 142, 168, 193, 216, 241, 267; Purpose, 57, 87, 114, 142, 168, 193, 216, 241, 267, 291 Establish a single point of view. SE/TE: Point of View, 114, 117, 119, 731; Drafting Strategies, 18, 58, 59, 88, 89, 116, 117, 144, 145, 170, 171, 194, 195, 218, 219, 242, 243, 270, 271, 292, 293 B. Write using well-developed content appropriate for the topic. Gather, determine validity and reliability of and organize information. SE/TE: Prewriting Strategies, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 52, 53, 54, 55, 67, 71, 78, 79, 80, 81, 93, 97, 102, 103, 104, 105, 118, 128, 129, 130, 131, 144, 149, 154, 155, 156, 157, 169, 173, 178, 179, 180, 181, 193, 197, 202, 203, 204, 205, 217, 221, 228, 229, 230, 231, 243, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 269, 270, 276, 277, 278, 287 13
Employ the most effective format for purpose and audience. Write paragraphs that have details and information specific to the topic and relevant to the focus. SE/TE: Prewriting: Audience, 57, 87, 114, 142, 168, 193, 216, 241, 267; Purpose, 57, 87, 114, 142, 168, 193, 216, 241, 267, 291 SE/TE: Effective Paragraphs, 33 37; Revising: Paragraphs, 63, 91, 120, 148, 174, 197, 221, 245, 273, 294 C. Write with controlled and/or subtle organization. Sustain a logical order within sentences and between paragraphs using meaningful transitions. Establish topic and purpose in the introduction. SE/TE: Basic Sentence Parts, 396-425; Chapter Review, 426 427; Effective Sentences, 464-497; Chapter Review, 498 499 Book; Grammar Exercise Workbook; Assessment; Writing Support SE/TE: Topic Sentences, 33 34, 174, 197; Drafting Strategies, 18, 58, 59, 88, 89, 116, 117, 144, 145, 170, 171, 194, 195, 218, 219, 242, 243, 270, 271, 292, 293 14
Reiterate the topic and purpose in the conclusion. SE/TE: Topic Sentences, 33 34, 174, 197; Drafting Strategies, 18, 58, 59, 88, 89, 116, 117, 144, 145, 170, 171, 194, 195, 218, 219, 242, 243, 270, 271, 292, 293 D. Write with an understanding of the stylistic aspects of composition. Use different types and lengths of sentences. SE/TE: Basic Sentence Parts, 396-425; Chapter Review, 426 427; Effective Sentences, 464-497; Chapter Review, 498 499; Revising: Sentences, 63, 92, 121, 149, 175, 198, 222, 246, 274, 295; Sentence Combining, 29 32 Book; Grammar Exercise Workbook; Assessment; Writing Support Use tone and voice through the use of precise language. E. Revise writing after rethinking logic of organization and rechecking central idea, content, paragraph development, level of detail, style, tone and word choice. SE/TE: Tone, 42; Voice, 522 527; Revising: Sentences, 63, 92, 121, 149, 175, 198, 222, 246, 274, 295 SE/TE: Revising Strategies, 9 21, 60 65, 70 71, 75, 90 94, 100 101, 105, 118 123, 128 129, 146 150, 156 157, 161, 172 175, 180 181, 185, 196 200, 205, 209, 220 224, 229, 233, 244 248, 255, 272 277, 282 283, 287, 294 295, 300 301 Test Bank CD-ROM 15
E. Revise writing after rethinking logic of organization and rechecking central idea, content, paragraph development, level of detail, style, tone and word choice. TECH: Writer s at Work Videotape; Writing and Grammar Companion F. Edit writing using the conventions of language. Spell common, frequently used words correctly. SE/TE: Revising: Word Choice, 64, 93, 122, 150, 175, 200, 223, 248, 276, 295; Vocabulary and Spelling, 694; Developing Your Vocabulary, 695 698; Studying Words Systematically, 699 701; Studying Word Parts and Origins, 702 705; Spelling, 706 717. Vocabulary and Spelling Workbook and Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 19 32; Assessment; Writing Support Use capital letters correctly. SE/TE: Capitalization, 636 669; Editing, 5, 13, 26, 31, 66, 70, 71, 75, 95, 100, 101, 105, 124, 128, 129, 151, 156, 157, 161, 176, 180, 181, 185, 201, 205, 209, 225, 229, 233, 250, 255, 278, 282, 283, 287, 296, 300, 301, 599, 601, 604, 608, 624, 629, 633, 653, 715 Book; Grammar Exercise Workbook; Assessment; Writing Support Punctuate correctly (periods, exclamation points, question marks, commas, quotation marks, apostrophes, colons, semicolons, parentheses). SE/TE: Chapter 26: Punctuation, 594 595; End Marks, 596 599; Commas, 600 609; Semicolons and Colons, 610 613; Quotation Marks, 614 622; Hyphens and Apostrophes, 623 631; Chapter Review, 632 633; Standardized Test Preparation Workshop, 634 635 Book; Grammar Exercise Workbook; Assessment; Writing Support Test Bank CD-ROM 16
Punctuate correctly (periods, exclamation points, question marks, commas, quotation marks, apostrophes, colons, semicolons, parentheses). Use nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions and interjections properly. Use complete sentences (simple, compound, complex, declarative, interrogative, exclamatory and imperative). G. Present and/or defend written work for publication when appropriate. TECH: Writer s at Work Videotape; Writing and Grammar Companion SE/TE: Nouns and Pronouns, 308 327; Verbs, 328 345; Adjectives and Adverbs, 346 369; Prepositions, 370 379; Conjunctions and Interjections, 380 393; Basic Sentence Parts, 396 429; Phrases and Clauses, 430 463; Effective Sentences, 464 503; Using Verbs, 504 537; Using Pronouns, 538 551; Making Words Agree, 552 571; Using Modifiers, 572 593 Book; Grammar Exercise Workbook; Assessment; Writing Support SE/TE: Basic Sentence Parts, 396-425; Chapter Review, 426 427; Effective Sentences, 464-497; Chapter Review, 498 499; Revising: Sentences, 63, 92, 121, 149, 175, 198, 222, 246, 274, 295; Sentence Combining, 29 32 Book; Grammar Exercise Workbook; Assessment; Writing Support SE/TE: A Walk Through the Writing Process pages 12 27; Autobiographical Writing pages 48 75; Short Story pages 76 105; Description pages 106 133; Persuasive Essay pages 134 161; Comparison-and Contrast Essay pages 162 185; Cause-and-Effect Essay pages 186 209; How-to Essay pages 210 233; Research Report pages 234 259; Response to Literature pages 260 287; Writing for Assessment pages 288 304 17
G. Present and/or defend written work for publication when appropriate. [1.6. Speaking and Listening 1.6.8. GRADE 8 A. Listen to others. Ask probing questions. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 Workbooks, Analyze information, ideas and opinions to determine relevancy. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 Workbooks, Take notes when needed. SE/TE: Notes, 675, 743, 763; Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 B. Listen to selections of literature (fiction and/or nonfiction). Workbooks, Relate them to previous knowledge. SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263 18
Relate them to previous knowledge. Companion Predict content/events. SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263 Companion Summarize events and identify the significant points. SE/TE: Summarizing, 733, 743, 764; Paraphrasing, 734, 766 Companion Identify and define new words and concepts. SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263 Companion Analyze the selections. SE/TE: See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263 Companion 19
C. Speak using skills appropriate to formal speech situations. Use complete sentences. SE/TE: Speech, 135; Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 Workbooks, Pronounce words correctly. SE/TE: Speech, 135; Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 Workbooks, Adjust volume to purpose and audience. SE/TE: Speech, 135; Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 Workbooks, Adjust pace to convey meaning. SE/TE: Speech, 135; Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 Workbooks, Add stress (emphasis) and inflection to enhance meaning. SE/TE: Speech, 135; Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 Workbooks, 20
D. Contribute to discussions. Ask relevant, probing questions. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676; Discussion, 54, 55, 57, 63, 65, 67, 72, 84, 85, 87, 94, 97, 100, 101, 97, 100, 101, 113, 123, 125, 130, 140, 142, 150, 152, 157, 159, 175, 182, 183, 191, 200, 202, 205, 207, 221, 224, 226, 248, 277, 282, 283, 284, 285, 340, 377, 404, 446, 474, 526, 547, 566, 582, 631, 651, 677, 678, 679 Workbooks, Respond with relevant information, ideas or reasons in support of opinions expressed. Listen to and acknowledge the contributions of others. SE/TE: Discussion, 54, 55, 57, 63, 65, 67, 72, 84, 85, 87, 94, 97, 100, 101, 97, 100, 101, 113, 123, 125, 130, 140, 142, 150, 152, 157, 159, 175, 182, 183, 191, 200, 202, 205, 207, 221, 224, 226, 248, 277, 282, 283, 284, 285, 340, 377, 404, 446, 474, 526, 547, 566, 582, 631, 651, 677, 678, 679 Workbooks, SE/TE: Discussion, 54, 55, 57, 63, 65, 67, 72, 84, 85, 87, 94, 97, 100, 101, 97, 100, 101, 113, 123, 125, 130, 140, 142, 150, 152, 157, 159, 175, 182, 183, 191, 200, 202, 205, 207, 221, 224, 226, 248, 277, 282, 283, 284, 285, 340, 377, 404, 446, 474, 526, 547, 566, 582, 631, 651, 677, 678, 679 Workbooks, 21
Adjust tone and involvement to encourage equitable participation. Clarify, illustrate or expand on a response when asked. SE/TE: Discussion, 54, 55, 57, 63, 65, 67, 72, 84, 85, 87, 94, 97, 100, 101, 97, 100, 101, 113, 123, 125, 130, 140, 142, 150, 152, 157, 159, 175, 182, 183, 191, 200, 202, 205, 207, 221, 224, 226, 248, 277, 282, 283, 284, 285, 340, 377, 404, 446, 474, 526, 547, 566, 582, 631, 651, 677, 678, 679 Workbooks, SE/TE: Discussion, 54, 55, 57, 63, 65, 67, 72, 84, 85, 87, 94, 97, 100, 101, 97, 100, 101, 113, 123, 125, 130, 140, 142, 150, 152, 157, 159, 175, 182, 183, 191, 200, 202, 205, 207, 221, 224, 226, 248, 277, 282, 283, 284, 285, 340, 377, 404, 446, 474, 526, 547, 566, 582, 631, 651, 677, 678, 679 Workbooks, Present support for opinions. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676; Discussion, 54, 55, 57, 63, 65, 67, 72, 84, 85, 87, 94, 97, 100, 101, 97, 100, 101, 113, 123, 125, 130, 140, 142, 150, 152, 157, 159, 175, 182, 183, 191, 200, 202, 205, 207, 221, 224, 226, 248, 277, 282, 283, 284, 285, 340, 377, 404, 446, 474, 526, 547, 566, 582, 631, 651, 677, 678, 679 Workbooks, 22
Paraphrase and summarize, when prompted. SE/TE: Summarizing, 733, 743, 764; Paraphrasing, 734, 766 Companion E. Participate in small and large group discussions and presentations. Initiate everyday conversation. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676; Discussion, 54, 55, 57, 63, 65, 67, 72, 84, 85, 87, 94, 97, 100, 101, 97, 100, 101, 113, 123, 125, 130, 140, 142, 150, 152, 157, 159, 175, 182, 183, 191, 200, 202, 205, 207, 221, 224, 226, 248, 277, 282, 283, 284, 285, 340, 377, 404, 446, 474, 526, 547, 566, 582, 631, 651, 677, 678, 679 Workbooks, Select a topic and present an oral reading. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676; See the Reading/Writing Connection for the following Literary Selections: 50 51, 78 83, 108 111, 136 139, 164 165, 188 189, 212 213, 236 237, 262 263 Conduct interviews as part of the research process. Workbooks, SE/TE: Interviews, 57, 87, 190, 283; Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 23
Organize and participate in informal debates. SE/TE: Speaking and Listening Skills, 673; Using Informal Speaking Skills, 673; Using Formal Speaking Skills, 674 676 F. Use media for learning purposes. Describe how the media provides information that is sometimes accurate, sometimes biased based on a point of view or by the opinion or beliefs of the presenter. SE/TE: Viewing Information Media Critically, 683, 684; Interpreting Fine Art, 685 Workbooks, Analyze the role of advertising in the media. SE/TE: Advertisement, 156 157; Viewing Information Media Critically, 683, 684; Bias, 684 Workbooks, Create a multimedia (e.g., film, music, computer-graphic) presentation for display or transmission. SE/TE: Viewing and Representing Skills, 680; Creating Visual Aids, 686 687, Formatting, 688; Working with Multimedia, 689; Creating a Video, 690 Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book; Assessment; Companion 1.7. Characteristics and Functions of the English Language 1.7.8. GRADE 8 A. Describe the origins and meanings of common, learned and foreign words used frequently in English language (e.g., carte blanche, faux pas). SE/TE: Vocabulary and Spelling, 694; Developing Your Vocabulary, 695 698; Studying Words Systematically, 699 701; Studying Word Parts and Origins, 702 705. 24
A. Describe the origins and meanings of common, learned and foreign words used frequently in English language (e.g., carte blanche, faux pas). B. Analyze the role and place of standard American English in speech, writing and literature. C. Identify new words that have been added to the English language over time. 1.8. Research 1.8.8. GRADE 8 Vocabulary and Spelling Workbook and Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 19 32; Assessment; Writing Support SE/TE: Vocabulary and Spelling, 694; Developing Your Vocabulary, 695 698; Studying Words Systematically, 699 701; Studying Word Parts and Origins, 702 705. Vocabulary and Spelling Workbook and Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 19 32; Assessment; Writing Support SE/TE: Vocabulary and Spelling, 694; Developing Your Vocabulary, 695 698; Studying Words Systematically, 699 701; Studying Word Parts and Origins, 702 705. Vocabulary and Spelling Workbook and Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book, 19 32; Assessment; Writing Support A. Select and refine a topic for research. SE/TE: Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 762; Internet Research Handbook, 769 771 25
B. Locate information using appropriate sources and strategies. Determine valid resources for researching the topic, including primary and secondary sources. Evaluate the importance and quality of the sources. Select essential sources (e.g., dictionaries, encyclopedias, other reference materials, interviews, observations, computer databases). Use tables of contents, indices, key words, cross-references and appendices. SE/TE: Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737; Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 762; Internet Research Handbook, 769 771 SE/TE: Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 762; Internet Research Handbook, 769 771 SE/TE: Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 762; Internet Research Handbook, 769 771 SE/TE: Reading from Varied Sources, 736 737; Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 762; Internet Research Handbook, 769 771 Test Bank CD-ROM 26
Use tables of contents, indices, key words, cross-references and appendices. TECH: Writer s at Work Videotape; Writing and Grammar Companion Use traditional and electronic search tools. SE/TE: Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Internet Research Handbook, 769 771 C. Organize, summarize and present the main ideas from research. Identify the steps necessary to carry out a research project. SE/TE: Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 762; Internet Research Handbook, 769 771 Take relevant notes from sources. SE/TE: Notes, 675, 743, 763 Academic and Workplace Skills Activity Book; Assessment; Companion Develop a thesis statement based on research. SE/TE: Research Report, 234 259 27
Give precise, formal credit for others ideas, images or information using a standard method of documentation. Use formatting techniques to create an understandable presentation for a designated audience. SE/TE: Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 762; Internet Research Handbook, 769 771 SE/TE: Research Report, 234 259; Basic Study Skills, 741 743; Reference Skills, 744 754; Creating Visual Aids, 686 687; Using Formatting Features, 688 Reference: http://www.pde.state.pa.us/k12/lib/k12/reading.pdf 28