The 2 nd Internationa Mutidiscipinary Conference 216 November USE OF SOFTWARE LINDO WITH GUIDED DISCOVERY LEARNING METHOD TO INCREASE THE OTIVATION OF STUDENT LEARNING IN LINEAR PROGRAM COURSE Hastri Rosiyanti Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Indonesia hastrirosiyanti@yahoo.com Abstract Mathematics education cass of 21 students at University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta have ess motivation to study. This can be inferred from the grades of the students in Linear Agebra Course. Amost a of students got E in inear agebra. Some students not motivated in the expanation of the ecture and they not foowed the earning process. The earning process is sti centered on the teacher, so the students seem waiting the ecture from the teacher. Therefore, we conduct Cassroom Action Research in the Linear Program course to the cass of 21 to improve students motivation. The Cassroom Action Research use guided discovery method assisted Software LINDO. Linear program is a mathematica method of aocating scarce resources to achieve a singe goa such as maximizing profits or minimizing cost. Guided discovery method is a deveopment method of Pieget Constructvism theory, that is a earning that emphasizes the importance of students sctivities who are active in constructing his knowedge. In genera, software LINDO wi provide direct experience for students to formuate, sove and verify a vaid formua based on the soution method. In our resut, There is an increase 2.82% on students motivation from Cyce I (69.46%) to Cyce II(72.28%), and there is an increase 2.8% from Cyce II (72.28%) to Cyce III (75.11%). The students motivation in Linear program course has reached 75.11% using this approach. Moreover, the percentage of students interest of the approach assisted Software LINDO is 9.75%. Keywords: Software LINDO, Guided Discovery Learning Methods, Linear Program, Mathematics Education. INTRODUCTION Linear Programming is a mathematica method that aocate imited resources to achieve the best outcome such as maximum profit or owest cost. Linear Programming widey appied to sove the probems in economic, socia and miitary industry. In rea ife we often use unwitingy the principes of Linear Programming as in buiding projects, parking ot and so forth. Linear programming subject needs to be given to students of Mathematics education to equip the students in soving various probems in rea ife as in in economic, socia and miitary industry and so forth. In a earning process of Linear programming course on coege, ecturers shoud pick and use strategies that invove students activey in earning. For exampe, students can observe, impement and abe to answers question and discuss to a given topic. In the earning process, the ecturers seeking a more conducive atmosphere for earning and more dominant students in earning activities. Based on our observations in mathematics education student cass of 21 FIP UMJ Cirendeu, we got the fact that there are students who get E on courses in Mathematics, namey Linear Agebra. Some students ooked not motivated to pay attention to the expanation of ecturers and not foowing 797
The 2 nd Internationa Mutidiscipinary Conference 216 November the earning process conducted by ecturers. Learning is sti centered on teachers, so students seem waiting for the materia. Guided discovery method is a deveopment method of Constructivism Piaget's Theory i.e a earning that emphasizes the importance of student activities who are active in constructing his own knowedge. This method aows the students to be active in finding concepts of inear programming knowedge with the hep of facuty guidance. Besides the use of appropriate earning methods, motivation to earn is aso affected by the media used. In order to achieve the educationa goas, it is necessary to note everything that supports the success of the educationa program. Among a factors of supporting the success of educationa goas, success in the earning process is one of the very dominant factor. In a earning process it is necessary to create a conducive atmosphere so that students are reay interested and activey participate in the process. Media is one of the factors that contribute to the success of earning to be a conducive earning atmosphere. Learning media is very diverse, and amost a usefu. Quite a ot of media types and forms that are known, one of which is a computer. Computer is one medium that is sti popuar among students that can make earning interesting. Soution of inear programming probems with many variabes woud be easier by using a computer program. Aong with the deveopment computer technoogy, then there is a ot of software that can be used to sove inear programming probems. This software was created to hep students to sove their probems or works. For the purposes of soving a inear program there are severa specia programs. One of the computer appication that can be used to study the inear program is software LINDO (Linear INteractive Discrete Optimizer). This software can sove inear programming probems easiy, quicky and accuratey even abe to resove the probem of inear programming up to 1 constraints. The main working principe of thelindo program is to enter a formua, finish and assessing vaidity and feasibiity of a formua based soution. The formua here is a mathematica forms. Linear programming probems were abe to be soved by LINDO software program. In genera, LINDO software wi provide hands on experience to students in earning to formuate, finaize and assessing vaidity and feasibiity of a formua based soution. Thus, the LINDO software support discovery activities and abe to motivate students to earn inear programming. Based on the issues presented and some aternative methods, the researchers wi use the software LINDO with guided discovery methods in the course of the inear program in this study. In this study, the authors hope LINDO software with guided discovery method can increase motivation to earn the Linear Programming course. Formuation of the probem in this research is (1) How is the attitudes of students towards earning process using the LINDO software guided discovery methods on the Linear Programming Course? How is the motivation of the fifth semester students earning after foowing the study using LINDO software with guided discovery methods on the Linear Programming course? Based on iterature review, the term motivation comes from the word motive which can be interpreted as the power contained within the individua, which causes the individua acts. The motive is an encouragement directed to meeting the needs of psychic (Sukmadinata, 27: 61). A motive is a state in the person that encourage individuas to undertake certain activities in order to achieve something of interest. (Suryabrata, 25: 7). Thus, the motive is not a thing that can be observed, but it is a thing that can be inferred from the existence of something that coud be witnessed. Motivation to earn mathematics is a conscious effort to move it, directing and maintaining behavior so that students are encouraged to do the math earning activities to achieve maximum resuts mathematics earning. Indicators of motivation to earn that researchers take is (1) Persevering in the face of duty, (2) Tenacious in the face of adversity, () Showing interest, (4) Love to work independenty, (5) Fast bored with routine tasks, (6 ) abiity to maintain his opinion, (7) Not easy to remove their beiefs and (8) Love to find and troubeshoot probems. Based on its kind, the media is divided into media audio, visua and audiovisua media. Audio media is amedia that rey on voice capabiities, such as radios, cassette recorders, LPs. Visua media is a media that rey on the sense of sight. There is a visua media that dispays a moving image or symbo ike a fim strip (movie chain), photographs, drawin gs or paintings, prints. There is aso a 798
The 2 nd Internationa Mutidiscipinary Conference 216 November visua medium that dispays an image or symbo that moves ike a sient movie, cartoon. Whie the audio-visua media is a media that have an eement of sound and picture (Sutikno, 29: 19). Media are substantiay the human, materia or events that estabish students conditions so that they abe to acquire the knowedge, skis or attitudes. Media is a thing that can bring information and knowedge in the interaction that takes pace between researchers and students. In this study, we use a type of visua media, the software LINDO. LINDO (Linear Interactive Discrete Optimizer) is one of the software computer. The main uses of of this program is to enter the formuation of the inear program quicky, sove it, and set the basic formua repairs or checks on the soution. The main menus on LINDO are Fie, Edit, Sove, Report, Window, Hep. Seection of the main menu of LINDO can be done by pressing At + F, At + E, At + S, At + R, At + W, At + H or highight it with the mouse and press cick on the highighted icon. Figure 1 Dispay of LINDO Software Based on studies of software LINDO and guided discovery methods, it can be concuded that the procedures carried out by the researchers in this study, i.e: a). Formuate and deveop probems that wi be given to students in the form of LINDO fies and Worksheet Students ceary.b).the LINDO fies given by researchers wi be dispayed on each student aptop. Students are asked to compie, process and anayze the data with the hep of the guidance of researchers and Worksheet Students. c).students are asked to prepare a conjecture (forecasts) on the resuts of their anaysis. d). Researchers drive around to contro students and give guidance so that the earning in accordance with the direction and goas to be achieved.e).students were asked to coect a conjecture of their own anguage. Conjecture inference can be done with the percentage of anaytica resuts. f).researchers provide an exercises or additiona questions to examine whether the findings were true as a means of evauation. RESEARCH METHODS This research is a cassroom action research. This Cass Action Research is a actions research to improve students' motivation by using statistica software LINDO through guided discovery earning methods in the Linear Programming course. This study design refers to the process of impementation of action research modes Kemmis & Taggart with the stages of action pan, actuating, observing and refecting. 799
The 2 nd Internationa Mutidiscipinary Conference 216 November The research was conducted from Juy to December 215 at the University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta FIP addressed J.KH.Ahmad Dahan Cirendeu, Ciputat 15419. The research subject is the student of Mathematics Education cass 21 FIP UMJ. The object of this study is the overa process of the appication software usage modes LINDO with guided discovery methods on the subject of inear programming. This study using a cass setting, which is observing the impementation of earning activities of students in earning mathematics. Impementation of research and coection of data obtained during the process of earning activities in the cassroom. The steps after pre Cassroom action research consists of severa cyces, that is: The First, Cyce 1 : a).panning. (1) Making Unit of Learning Reference, (2). Preparing aptops and LINDO software that wi be used in earning process, (). Preparing Student Worksheet, (4) Preparing earning motivation questionnaire sheet, (5) Preparing the questionnaires, (6) Preparing a bank sheet for fied notes, (7) Preparing the camera. b). Action. After the pan are considered mature and idea, then we conduct the research pan. The impementation have to perform as good as possibe to fit what is aready panned. The actions of the research incude: (1). Researchers carrying out guided discovery earning methods with the hep of software LINDO. (2) Researchers observed an ongoing earning process. () Researchers distribute student worksheet to each student in the earning process.c).observation. In the monitoring, We recording the earning process using fied notes. To obtain more objective data, the observation aso uses optica devices or eectronics, such as digita cameras. d).refection. The Refection is performed after an action and observation. Refection activity generates the data obtained during the observation, then the data was coected, reduced, anayzed and summarized. Data are in the form of data sheets interview, sheet motivation questionnaire, fied notes and data documentation. Resuts of refection is used to determine further steps in order to achieve success indicator. The Second, constitutes of Cyce II,The second cyce is performed as the first stage in the cyce. The second cyce is made based on a refection of the first cyce. Activity in the second cyce are intended as improvements to the impementation of the first cyce. If the second cyce has been reached the indicators of success and researchers fee enough, then the next cyce is not necessary. If it has not reached in the second cyce, the Cassroom Action Research wi be continued in the next cyce through simiar stages of the previous cyce unti the achievement of indicators of success. Data coection methods used in this study are as foows: (1) Methods of Observation : In connection with the data coection techniques which are used, then the data coection instruments used in the observation methods incude: fied notes, interview, and photographs. (2) Questionnaire: A questionnaire which used in this study is a questionnaire motivation earning. so the statements are prepared based on motivationa aspects of earning. The technique of questionnaires conducted every end of the cyce and is used to achieve success indicator. RESULT AND DISCUSSION The resuts showed an increase of earning motivation of the student of Mathematics Education cass 21 FIP UMJ on the Linear Programming Course after three cyces carried out with guided discovery earning using LINDO software. 8
The 2 nd Internationa Mutidiscipinary Conference 216 November Tabe 1 Comparison of Student Learning Motivation Cass 21 FIP UMJ Mathematics Education N o Indicator Cyce 1 Cyce 2 Cyce % Info % Info % Info 1 Persevering in the face of adversity 7,5 9 72, 6 75, 2 Tenacious in the face of adversity 75, 78,5 8, Showing interest 68,8 2 72,6 5 75, 4 Love to work independenty 66,2 7 7,9 8 75,2 9 5 Quicky bored with routine tasks 7,5 7,5 7,5 6 abiity to maintain his opinion 66,6 7 69,4 1 72,9 4 7 Not easy to remove their beiefs 7,5 9 71,7 6 7,5 8 Love to find and troubeshoot probems 6,9 2 67,4 5 72,9 4 Interviews were conducted at the end of each cyce. In the first cyce, there are 2 students who become informants, that is the students who score the owest and highest questionnaire with with the, percentage is = 81,25%. In the second cyce, there are 2 students who become informants, that is the students who score the owest and highest questionnaire with with the percentage is, = 9,75%. In the third cyce, there are 2 students who become informants, that is the students who score the owest and highest questionnaire with with the percentage is, = 9,75%. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The motivation of student earning in the course of the inear programming with guided discovery earning methods aided software LINDO has reached 75.11% with a high category. Furthermore, students ove to earning guided discovery with LINDO software with the percentage is 9.75%. After doing this study, researchers have severa suggestions to improve earning, that is : The ecturer shoud do a variety of earning methods in teaching the students so that students are motivated to earn, and the use of mathematica software in earning so that students are more motivated to earn. 81
The 2 nd Internationa Mutidiscipinary Conference 216 November REFERENCES Sukmadinata, Nana Syaodih.(27).Landasan Psikoogi Proses Pendidikan. Bandung:PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Suryabrata, Sumadi.(25).Psikoogi Pendidikan. Jakarta:PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Sutikno, Sobry.(29).Beajar dan Pembeajaran Upaya Kreatif daam Mewujudkan Pembeajaran yang Berhasi. Bandung: Prospect 82