LESSON 25 TEACHER S GUIDE What is Green Technology? by Christina Claassen Fountas-Pinnell Level W Informational Text Selection Summary Global warming is a complex issue. Green technology is one approach to help people use the earth s resources more efficiently. It can alter the way cars use energy and how people get electricity. Number of Words: 2,318 Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational text Text Structure Second- and third-person narrative, organized categorically into eleven chapters Content Themes and Ideas Language and Literary Features Sentence Complexity Cause and effect and problem and solution text structures Current energy issues Changing cars, fuels, and electricity sources for a greener planet The future involving green technology Green technology will alter the way humans live and use the earth s resources. Long-term effects of humans on the earth Wise use of resources can create the necessary conditions for Earth s future. Literary device of fl ash forward connect modern experience to future experience Complex sentences containing clauses Variety of sentence types, including declarative, interrogative, and imperative Parentheses and quotations Vocabulary Scientifi c terms, some of which might not be familiar to English language learners, such as energy, atmosphere, pollute. Cultural references such as food scraps, run on electricity (p. 9). Words Multisyllable target vocabulary: artifi cial, inaccessible, literally, stimulus, uncanny Illustrations Photographs with captions and labels Book and Print Features Seventeen pages of text, most with photographs Easy-to-read chapter headings, introduction, diagrams, bulleted lists, and sidebars 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-31063-3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. 6_310633_ELL_LRTG_L25_GreenTech.indd 1 11/5/09 8:10:35 PM
What is Green Technology? by Christina Claassen Build Background Help students use their knowledge of alternative energy and saving energy to visualize the text. Build interest by asking a question such as the following: What do you know about how global warming affects Earth? Read the title and author and talk about the cover photograph. Note the eleven chapter heads. Tell students that this selection is informational text, so it will give facts and examples about a topic. Frontload Vocabulary Some everyday words may be unfamiliar to English language learners. Before reading, check understanding of the following words: future, modern, solar, pollution, artificial. Introduce the Text Guide students through the text, reading the captions, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Call their attention to any important labels. Here are some suggestions: Page 2: Point out the boldface text. Explain that students will read about how Earth is getting warmer, and that greener technology can help solve this problem. Suggested language: Green in this text means healthy. How might improving the technology used to make buildings and cars be considered green? Page 3: Read the sidebar. Explain that the greenhouse effect is a synonym for global warming. Ask: How can young people help reduce global warming? Page 7: Read the last sentence on the page. Ask: If a car technology is inaccessible to car buyers, how could that make it diffi cult to buy a green car? Pages 9 10: Point out the chapter heading: Earth-Friendly Electricity. Explain that most electricity is made by burning coal, which makes greenhouse gases. Look at the photographs on page 10. Ask: How are these examples of Earth-friendly technology? Pages 14 15: Point out the caption and the chapter head: Growing Healthy Food. Cultural Support: Explain that organic foods are made without synthetic chemicals. Now turn back to the beginning of the text to learn why green technology is important and how it could help the Earth. Target Vocabulary artificial made by people, not natural, p. 11 data a set of facts or numbers, often used by a computer, p. 2 domestic has to do with the household or home, p. 12 inaccessible impossible to get to, p. 7 interaction communicate or affect, p. 4 literally exactly, p. 11 sensors electronic devices that detect, and react to, changes in movement, light, or air, p. 7 stimulus an action or event that causes a response or reaction, p. 17 ultimate last, farthest, or greatest in a series, p. 16 uncanny remarkable, strange, or weird, p. 6 2 Lesson 25: What is Green Technology? 6_310633_ELL_LRTG_L25_GreenTech.indd 2 11/5/09 8:11:55 PM
Read Have students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed. Remind students to use the Visualize Strategy to form pictures in their mind of what they read. and to use text details Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response Invite students to share their personal responses to the text. Suggested language: Why is it important for people to limit how much they depend on coal for electricity and synthetic chemicals for preserving food? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help students understand these points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text People realize they can improve the earth by reducing the use of non-renewable resources. Green technology can help to reuse materials, save energy, or use alternate energy sources. Using green technology will change how people use the earth s resources. Green technology has advantages and disadvantages. Green technology will probably improve and expand in the future. 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. The text explains areas in which green technology can help people meet their needs while reducing use of non-renewable resources. Sidebars provide information about science topics. The diagram of the greenhouse effect shows how it involves the sun. Choices for Further Support Fluency Invite students to choose a passage from the text to demonstrate phrased fl uent reading. Remind them to adjust their reading rate when reading items in a series, such as the bulleted list on page 13. Comprehension Based on your observations of the students reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas. Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Remind students that some word etymology comes from both Greek and Latin. For example, atmosphere is derived from the Greek word atmos meaning vapor and the Latin word sphaera, meaning sphere. Other words that use at least one of these roots include stratosphere and spherical. 3 Lesson 25: What is Green Technology? 6_310633_ELL_LRTG_L25_GreenTech.indd 3 11/5/09 8:11:04 PM
Writing about Reading Have students complete the questions on BLM 25.10. Responding Have students complete the activities at the back of the book, using their Reader s Notebook. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill. Target Comprehension ension Skill Sequence of Events Remind students to identify time order in which events take place. Model how to add details to the Graphic Organizer, using a Think Aloud like the one below. Think Aloud Think about what you read about the greenhouse effect, and look at the chart on page 19. Refer to the diagram on page 3. Step 1 refers to the sunlight heating Earth. Step 2 might be found in the second item the sun s heat bounces back into space. Continue filling in the steps. Practice the Skill Have students share examples of another sequence of events in this book. Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text Have students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use their personal knowledge to reach new understandings. Assessment Prompts From the diagram on page 3, the reader can conclude that. What does the word run mean in the second paragraph on page 9? Identify two sentences on page 16 that support the benefi ts of using green technology. 4 Lesson 25: What is Green Technology? 6_310633_ELL_LRTG_L25_GreenTech.indd 4 11/5/09 8:11:15 PM
English Language Development Reading Support Pair English-speaking and English language learners so that they can check their understanding with each other. Remind students that using green technology is a way to use the Earth s resources more efficiently. Cultural Support The text includes references that might be unfamiliar to English language learners. Explain to students that smart cars (p. 7) refers to cars made with sophisticated, or smart, technology. Oral Language Development Check student comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches your students English proficiency level. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the student. Beginning/Early Intermediate Intermediate Early Advanced/ Advanced Speaker 1: What is this text about? Speaker 2: green technology Speaker 1: What are two types of green technology you read about? Speaker 2: green cars and solar power Speaker 1: What kind of farming is healthy? Speaker 2: organic farming Speaker 1: What is global warming? Speaker 2: It is the increase in Earth s temperature, when gases trap heat. Speaker 1: What are the two types of car fuel you read about? Speaker 2: I read about biodiesel fuel and ethanol. Speaker 1: How can you conserve energy at home? Speaker 2: I could turn off lights when I leave a room, or shut off the TV. I can tell my family about using energy-saving light bulbs and getting new appliances that use green technology. Name Date Lesson 25 BLACKLINE MASTER 25.10 Read and answer the questions. Possible responses shown. What Is Green Technology? 1. Think within the text What are two effects of global warming? Water temperatures rise, and hurricanes get stronger due to global warming. 2. Think within the text How does the selection define green technology? The selection defines it as technologies that are good for Earth. 3. Think beyond the text Name two events in sequence that can happen as a result of global warming. What do you predict could happen next? As a result of global warming, Arctic ice melts. Then, sea levels rise and flooding can occur. People that live closer to the water could lose their homes or their lives. 4. Think about the text Based on information from What Is Green Technology?, do you think we should change our way of doing things to protect the environment? Why or why not? Yes. There is scientific evidence to show that our planet is in danger. We should do everything we can to help make our planet a cleaner, better place. Making Connections What is one thing that you or your family do to help the environment? What other things would you like to do in the future? Write your answer in your Reader s Notebook.. All rights reserved. 12, Unit 5: Taking Charge of Change 5 Lesson 25: What is Green Technology? 6_310633_ELL_LRTG_L25_GreenTech.indd 5 1/8/10 9:08:16 PM
Name Date What is Green Technology? Thinking Beyond the Text Think about the questions below. Then write your answer in one or two paragraphs. Remember that when you think beyond the text, you use your personal knowledge to reach new understandings. In the first two paragraphs on page 16, the author describes green schools. What makes these schools green? Do you think learning in a green school would be very different from learning in a school that isn t green? Why or why not? Explain your answer, giving examples from the text. 6 Lesson 25: What is Green Technology? 6_310633_ELL_LRTG_L25_GreenTech.indd 6 7/24/09 3:05:36 PM
Name Read and answer the questions. Date Lesson 25 BLACKLINE MASTER 25.10 What Is Green Technology? 1. Think within the text What are two effects of global warming? 2. Think within the text How does the selection define green technology? 3. Think beyond the text Name two events in sequence that can happen as a result of global warming. What do you predict could happen next? 4. Think about the text Based on information from What Is Green Technology?, do you think we should change our way of doing things to protect the environment? Why or why not? Making Connections What is one thing that you or your family do to help the environment? What other things would you like to do in the future? Write your answer in your Reader s Notebook. 7 Lesson 25: What is Green Technology? 6_310633_ELL_LRTG_L25_GreenTech.indd 7 1/8/10 9:08:34 PM
Student Date What Is Green Technology? LEVEL W Lesson 25 BLACKLINE MASTER 25.14 What Is Green Technology? Running Record Form page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 5 People can help stop global warming. One way is to change the way people make things. Technologies that are good for the earth are called green. They help keep our planet healthy, or green. People can use green technology to build green cars and buildings. Now, imagine that you are 30 years old. You work in an office. When you walk into your office, your window shades go up. The morning sun lights your office, not light bulbs. 6 You don t need electricity to run your computer. It runs on a green battery. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/92 100) % Total Self- Corrections Behavior Code Error Read word correctly cat 0 Repeated word, sentence, or phrase Omission cat 0 cat 1 Behavior Code Error Substitution cut cat 1 Self-corrects cut sc cat 0 Insertion the 1 Word told T 1 cat 1414496 8 Lesson 25: What is Green Technology? 6_310633_ELL_LRTG_L25_GreenTech.indd 8 7/24/09 3:05:38 PM