Teaching AR Timelines and Geography Using the Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture (EOA) Lesson Plan by Kay Bland, Educator, Race Relations Project Funded by the Winthrop Rockefeller Foundation Butler Center/CALS 2008-09 School Year Utilizing Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture A resource of the Butler Center for Arkansas Studies Central Arkansas Library System Launched in May, 2006, The Encyclopedia of Arkansas is a free, authoritative source of information about the rich history, geography, and culture of Arkansas. It is updated regularly to ensure the people of Arkansas have an accurate and accessible resource to explore our heritage. It will also benefit people outside the state who are seeking information about Arkansas. Educators using this lesson plan may wish to browse the text entries and media galleries to learn more about the people, places, events, legends, and lore of the 25th state. This site is a work in progress. New entries, photographs, maps, videos, and audio file are added frequently. Check to see what s new. Lesson Plan Goal: Students will utilize the online encyclopedia about Arkansas history and culture to complete timeline or geography activities. Where possible, educators should guide students in locating resources regarding Arkansas s diverse cultural past. Grade Levels: K-12 Objectives: Students will identify, analyze, or use AR history timelines. Students will utilize identify, analyze or use Arkansas maps. Introduction: The teacher will select the student learning expectations for his or her class, review the key terms, and prepare the handouts, as needed, from the Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture at http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net. Collaboration with the school library media specialist for assistance with online resource tools found outside the school library media center is suggested. The Butler Center digital databases include searchable oral history clips from diverse points of view as well as lesson plans on many topics associated with Arkansas s past. See http://www.butlercenter.org/online-collections/index.html for a list of the digital collections.
Topic: Timelines The EOA media galleries have numerous visuals to represent events which occurred during the Eight Eras of Arkansas History. The Arkansas Social Studies Curriculum Framework document defines timeline as a span of chronological time during in which something exists or happens. Arkansas Curriculum Frameworks: Arkansas History or History Student Learning Expectations: Grades: K - 4 H.6.K.5 Identify events that take pace in sequential order (e.g., family photos, pictures from magazines) H.6.1.5 Determine the sequential order of events on a timeline (e.g., school events, holidays, birthdays, historical events) H.6.2.5 Determine the data to be included on a personal timeline H.6.3.7 Analyze a timeline that illustrates selected historical events H.6.4.9 Evaluate data presented on a timeline of Arkansas history Grades: 5-8 H.6.5.2 Read and interpret timelines using the terms: ca (circa), Before Common Era/Common Era (BCE/BC), millennia, millennium, decade, century H.6.6.2 Create/Construction timelines using the terms: ca (circa), Before Common Era/Common Era (BCE/BC), millennia, millennium, decade, century H.6.7.2 Sequence significant historical events on a timeline to make predictions H.6.8.2 Compare historical events on a timeline to discover correlations Arkansas History Frameworks (AH.7-8) use the following timeline strands with associated standards. Early Arkansas (EA), Territorial Period to Statehood (TPS), Secession Through Reconstruction (SR), Reconstruction Through Progressive Era (RP), World War I Through the 1920 s (W), Great Depression (GD), World War II to Present (WWP)
Grades: 9-12 Arkansas History Frameworks (AH.9-12) use the following timeline strands with associated standards. Early Arkansas (EA), Territorial Period to Statehood (TPS), Secession Through Reconstruction (SR), Reconstruction Through Progressive Era (RP), World War I Through the 1920 s (W), Great Depression (GD), World War II to Present (WWP) Activity: Making A Timeline Using Online Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture Using the EOA Advanced Search Screen, mark the Media Only Section and select the Arkansas History Timeframe Era which is needed by the student or teacher. This could be a student assignment or a teacher classroom display activity. See below.
There will be multiple listings for media entries under each of the eight Arkansas History Eras. Although the student or teacher may select images of interest to them, the following are suggestions. Pre-European Exploration (Pre-History-1540) SUGGESTION: The Clay Pot is a graphic which could be used to illustrate this era. European Exploration and Settlement (1541-1802) SUGGESTION: The illustration of Marquette-Joliet Expedition is a possible illustration for this timeframe. Louisiana Purchase Through Early Statehood (1803-1860) SUGGESTION: The Arkansas Traveler could be used for this time in Arkansas History. Civil War Through Reconstruction (1861-1874) SUGGESTION: There is a piece of artwork depicting the Battle of Pea Ridge which could be used for this era. Post Reconstruction Through Gilded Age (1875-1900) SUGGESTION: Graphics of such things as Steamboats at Newport are available for this timeframe. Early Twentieth Century (1901-1940) TEACHER OR STUDENT CHOICE: Photographs are readily available for the 20 th and 21 st Centuries of Arkansas History. WWII Through Faubus Era (1941-1967) TEACHER OR STUDENT CHOICE: Arkansas History photographs are readily available from the 20 th Century. Modern Era (1968-Present) TEACHER OR STUDENT CHOICE: Photographs are readily available for the 20 th and 21 st Centuries of Arkansas History. *****************************************************************************************
Topic: Geography Four reproducible maps are part of the lesson plan. Since the geography skills from the Arkansas History Curriculum are aligned both horizontally and vertically, the teacher will have to review the maps to find the one that meets the expectations for his or her students. The student learning expectations can be introduced using the first three maps. Map One is called Arkansas: It s Place in the U.S. ; Map Two is called Arkansas Counties ; and Map Three is called Six Arkansas Land Regions. The fourth map is entitled Arkansas Map Quiz and is intended to be used to test the geographical knowledge of the students in grades 2-12. Map One can also be used as a quiz for Grades K-1 and 3. Arkansas Curriculum Frameworks: Arkansas History Student Learning Expectations: Grades: K - 4 G.1.K.3 Identify the state of Arkansas on a map of the United States G.1.1.2 Locate Arkansas on a United States map G.1.2.2 Locate the county in which the student lives on an Arkansas map G.1.2.3 Locate the capital of Arkansas G.1.3.2 Name and locate the states that border Arkansas G.1.4.2 Locate and describe physical characteristics of the six natural regions of Arkansas: ~Arkansas River Valley, ~Crowley s Ridge, ~Mississippi Alluvial Plain, ~Ozark Mountains (plateau), ~West Gulf Coastal Plain, ~Ouachita Mountains Grades: 5-8 G.1.5.2 Identify and describe the region of the United States in which Arkansas is located G.1.6.2 Examine the location, place, and region of Arkansas and determine the characteristics of each G.1.AH.7-8.1 Compare and contrast the six geographical land regions of Arkansas: ~Ozark Mountains (plateau), ~Ouachita Mountains, ~Arkansas River Valley, Mississippi Alluvial Plain, Crowley s Ridge, West Gulf Coastal Plain G.1.AH.7-8.4 Identify and map the major rivers in Arkansas
Grades: 9-12 G.1.AH.9-12.1 Investigate the six geographical land regions of Arkansas: ~Ozark Mountains (plateau), ~Ouachita Mountains, ~Arkansas River Valley, Mississippi Alluvial Plain, Crowley s Ridge, West Gulf Coastal Plain G.1.AH.9-12.4 Examine the practical uses of the major rivers in Arkansas (e.g., trade, transportation, recreation) Activity: Geography of Arkansas Teachers will select the appropriate student learning expectation(s), select and duplicate the appropriate map or maps, review the key terms listed below (as appropriate) and search the online Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture for the background text or media entries which would apply to the selected lesson. Use the search feature to find the text entries needed. Select Galleries under Browse Media and then select the Maps Gallery
Select View All to see all the maps available. Select and use as needed.
Key Terms: Alluvial Plain Place Region Uniformity Key Terms Defined: Alluvial Plain - mud, sand or other material left behind a flowing river Place - physical and human characteristics that distinguish one geographic location from another Region - an area with one or more common characteristics or features that give it a measure of uniformity and make it different from surrounding areas Uniformity - a condition in which everything is consistent and unvarying Key Words for Arkansas Map Quiz: Second Grade Third Grade Sixth Grade 4 th 12 th Grades Little Rock Louisiana Missouri Mississippi Oklahoma Tennessee Texas Arkansas River Arkansas River Valley Crowley s Ridge Mississippi Alluvial Plain Ouachita Mountains Ozark Plateau West Gulf Coastal Plain The Winthrop Rockefeller Foundation (Little Rock, Arkansas) has supported the creation of this Butler Center Lesson Plan as part of the Ruled by Race? project. Contact the Butler Center for Arkansas Studies, Central Arkansas Library System, 100 Rock Street, Little Rock, AR 72201 501-918-3056 www.butlercenter.org and www.cals.org
Arkansas: It s Place in the U.S. Reproducible Map One For AR History, K - 1 st (G.1.K.3, G.1.1.2) AR History, 3rd (G.1.3.2) AR History, 5 th 6 th (G.1.5.2, G.1.6.2) Map may be used as quiz for K-1, 3.
Benton Washington Crawford Sebastian Polk Sevier Scott Little River Carroll Madison Franklin Howard Miller Logan Pike Johnson Yell Montgomery Hempstead Lafayette Newton Clark Nevada Boone Pope Garland Columbia Perry Hot Spring Marion Searcy Baxter Van Buren Saline Ouachita Conway Dallas Grant Calhoun Union Stone Faulkner Pulaski Fulton Izard Cleburne Cleveland Independence White Lonoke Prairie Jefferson Bradley Lincoln Drew Ashley Sharp Monroe Arkansas Desha Chicot Randolph Lawrence Jackson Woodruff St. Francis Lee Phillips Clay Greene Craighead Poinsett Cross Mississippi Crittenden Little Rock - State Capital Entries for Arkansas counties can be found online at the Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Blank map available for quiz purposes in the Encyclopedia of Arkansas s map gallery. Arkansas Counties Reproducible Map Two For AR History, 2 nd (G.1.2.2, G.1.2.3) AR History, 7 th 8 th (G.1.AH.7-8.4) AR History, 9 th 12 th (G.1.AH.9-12.4)
Ozark Plateau Boston Mountains Crowley s Ridge Arkansas River Valley Ouachita Mountains Mississippi Alluvial Plain Arkansas River West Gulf Coastal Plain Six Arkansas Land Regions Reproducible Map Three For AR History, 4 th (G.1.4.2) AR History, 7 th 8 th (G.1.AH.7-8.1) AR History, 9 th 12 th (G.1.AH.9-12.1)
Arkansas Map Quiz For Grades 2 nd 12 th Fill in blanks on map as directed by teacher.