NCERT Class 9 Geography Chapter 6: Population Why population is Important? Resource human beings are producers and consumers Calamity Disaster
Why Census is Important? First census in 1872, complete census in 1881 Every 10 years Official enumeration of population Population Size and Distribution Population growth and change Characteristics and quality of population age, sex, literacy Census Highlights 2011 Motto Our Census, Our future Half of population lives in 5 states Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra Bihar West Bengal Andhra Pradesh
Population Distribution
Highest Populous UT Delhi Least Populous UT Lakshadweep Highest Populous state Uttar Pradesh Least populous state Sikkim Highest urban Population in India (State & UT) Maharashtra 4,11,00,980 Lowest urban Population in India (State & UT) Lakshadweep 26,967 Highest Rural Population in India (State & UT) Uttar Pradesh 13,16,58,339 Lowest Rural Population in India (State & UT) Lakshadweep 33,683
Population Change Death Rate Birth Rate Migration Internal & international 1951-81 steady increase in population Since 1981- population growth declined BR declined Urban All places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee, etc. All other places which satisfied the following criteria: Minimum population of 5,000 At least 75 per cent of the male main working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits Density of population of at least 400 persons per sq. km.
Total urban population in India as per Census 2011 is more than 377 million constituting 31.16% of the total population 3 megacities (population more than 10 million) Greater Mumbai, Delhi & Kolkata 53 million plus cities Age Composition
Sex Ratio & Child Sex Ratio Sex ratio in India 940 Highest sex ratio in state Kerala (1084) Lowest sex ratio in state Haryana (879) Highest sex ratio in UT Pondicherry (1037) Lowest sex ratio in UT Daman and Diu (618) Child (0-6 years) sex ratio 914 Highest child (0-6) sex ratio in state Mizoram (971) Lowest child (0-6) sex ratio in state Haryana (830)
Male literacy rate increased from 40.4% in 1961 Census to 82.14% in 2011 Female literacy rate increased from 15.4% in 1961 Census to 65.46% in 2011 Census 2011: A person in age limit of seven and above, who can both write and read with understanding in any of the language Total Person Literacy Rate 74% Males 82.14% Females 65.46% Highest Literacy Rate in State Kerala (94%) Lowest Literacy Rate in State Bihar (61.8%) Hightest Literacy Rate in UT Lakshadweep (91%) Lowest Literacy Rate in UT Dadra and Nagar Haveli (76.24%)
Hindi 41% population. Bengali (8.1%) Telugu (7.2%) Marathi (7%) Tamil (5.9%) Population of India is estimated to rise from 1.02 billion in 2001 to 1.19 billion in 2011 and 1.4 billion in 2026 Primary Secondary Tertiary Occupational Structure
Worker Classification In 1961: Any person who had worked at least one hour a day In 1971: Person worked on any one of the days during the reference period of one week prior to the date of enumeration 4: Cultivators, Agricultural laborers, Household industry (manufacturing, processing, service and repairs) and others 1981: Main workers (>183 days/year), marginal workers and non-workers 1991: 9 categories Cultivators; Agricultural Laborers; Livestock, forestry. fishing, hunting, plantations, orchards and allied activities; Mining and quarrying; Manufacturing, processing, servicing and repairs (Household industry & Other than household industry); Construction; Trade and commerce; Transport, storage and communication & Other services 2001: Cultivators, Agricultural laborers, Household industry (manufacturing, processing, service and repairs) and others Birth rate Death Rate Nutrition Girl Child Family Planning Program 1952
NPP 2000 Free and compulsory school education up to 14 years of age Reducing infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births Achieving universal immunization of children against all vaccine preventable diseases Promoting delayed marriage for girls Making family welfare a people-centered program