correlated to the Virginia Standards of Learning Grade 8

correlated to the Virginia Standards of Learning Grade 8

Number and Number Sense 8.1 The student will a) simplify numerical expressions involving positive exponents, using rational numbers, order of operations, and properties of operations with real numbers; b) recognize, represent, compare, and order numbers expressed in scientific notation; and c) compare and order decimals, fractions, percents and numbers written in scientific notation. 8.2 The student will describe orally and in writing the relationship between the subsets of the real number system. PE: 10-13, 16-20, 63-68, 71-75, 194-198 PE: 204-208, 209, 213, 214 (#26-33), 215 (#13-14) PE: 204-208, 219-224, 258, 329-333, 340-344 PE: 219-224, 258, 470-474, 502, 784 1

Computation and Estimation 8.3 The student will solve practical problems involving rational numbers, percents, ratios, and proportions. Problems will be of varying complexities and will involve real-life data, such as finding a discount and discount prices and balancing a checkbook. 8.4 The student will apply the order of operations to evaluate algebraic expressions for given replacement values of the variables. Problems will be limited to positive exponents. 8.5 The student, given a whole number from 0 to 100, will identify it as a perfect square or find the two consecutive whole numbers between which the square root lies. PE: 269-274, 275-279, 335-339, 340-344, 357-361 PE: 16-20, 26 (#72-74), 27 (#14-17), 56 (#14-17), 57 (#4) PE: 453-457, 461 (#42-45), 474 (#50-52), 475 (#1-4), 500 2

Measurement 8.6 The student will verify by measuring and describe the relationships among vertical angles, supplementary angles, and complementary angles and will measure and draw angles of less than 360. 8.7 The student will investigate and solve practical problems involving volume and surface area of rectangular solids (prisms), cylinders, cones, and pyramids. PE: 709-713, 720 (#29-31), 728 (#1-6), 752, 756 (#1-3) PE: 538-543, 544-549, 552-556, 558-563, 566-567 3

Geometry 8.8 The student will apply transformations (rotate or turn, reflect or flip, translate or slide, and dilate or scale) to geometric figures represented on graph paper. The student will identify applications of transformations, such as tiling, fabric design, art, and scaling. 8.9 The student will construct a three-dimensional model, given the top, side, and/or bottom views. 8.10 The student will a) verify the Pythagorean Theorem, using diagrams, concrete materials, and measurement; and b) apply the Pythagorean Theorem to find the missing length of a side of a right triangle when given the lengths of the other two sides. PE: 729-733, 734-738, 741-746, 747-751, 754-755 PE: 537, 538-541, 545-546, 547 (#10-12), 550-551 PE: 464, 465-469, 475 (#10-13), 476, 501 PE: 465-469, 475 (#10-13), 476, 501, 504 (#13-16) 4

Probability and Statistics 8.11 The student will analyze problem situations, including games of chance, board games, or grading scales, and make predictions, using knowledge of probability. 8.12 The student will make comparisons, predictions, and inferences, using information displayed in frequency distributions; box-and-whisker plots; scattergrams; line, bar, circle, and picture graphs; and histograms. 8.13 The student will use a matrix to organize and describe data. PE: 305, 306-311, 313-317, 627-632, 634-639 PE: 581-586, 588-592, 596-600, 609-613, 614 Opportunities to address this standard can be found on the following pages: PE: 287, 392-396, 584-586, 668, 799 5

Patterns, Functions, and Algebra 8.14 The student will a) describe and represent relations and functions, using tables, graphs, and rules; and b) relate and compare tables, graphs, and rules as different forms of representation for relationships. 8.15 The student will solve two-step equations and inequalities in one variable, using concrete materials, pictorial representations, and paper and pencil. 8.16 The student will graph a linear equation in two variables, in the coordinate plane, using a table of ordered pairs. 8.17 The student will create and solve problems, using proportions, formulas, and functions. 8.18 The student will use the following algebraic terms appropriately: domain, range, independent variable, and dependent variable. PE: 385-390, 397, 426-430, 679-684, 685 PE: 385-390, 397, 442, 679-684, 685 PE: 119, 120-124, 149-153, 154, 157 PE: 391-396, 397, 418 (#3-6), 426-430, 810 (#3-6) PE: 275-279, 280-284, 335-339, 385-390, 476-481 PE: 385-390, 396 (#51-54), 447 (#1), 574 (#1-2), 666 (#49-52) 6

Other Criteria 1. Materials emphasize the use of effective instructional practices and learning theory: Students are guided through problem-solving approaches. Concepts are introduced through concrete experiences that use manipulatives and other technologies. Multiple opportunities are provided for students to develop and apply concepts through the use of calculators, computers, and other technologies. Students use the language of mathematics including specialized vocabulary and symbols. Students use a variety of representations (graphical, numerical, symbolic, verbal, and physical) to connect mathematical concepts. PE: 105 (#11), 201 (#15), 309 (#6), 415 (#9), 531 (#6) PE: 90, 471, 506-507, 550, 633 PE: 367, 397, 425, 557, 606-607 PE: 52 (#1-4), 108 (#1-4), 154 (#1-4), 210 (#1-4), 258 (#1-6) PE: 5-9, 10-13, 22-26, 47-51, 96 7

Other Criteria 2. Materials present content in an accurate, unbiased manner: Materials are relatively free of content and production errors (misspelled words, word omissions, incorrect answers). Diverse groups (racial, ethnic, cultural, linguistic), males and females, people with disabilities, and people of all ages are represented appropriately. PE: 172-176, 219-224, 269-274, 329-333, 385-390 PE: 100, 131, 175, 417, 601 8

Other Criteria 3. The mathematics content is significant and accurate: Materials are presented in an organized, logical manner which represents the current thinking on how students learn mathematics. Materials are organized appropriately within and among units of study. Format design includes titles, subheadings, and appropriate cross-referencing for ease of use. Writing style, length of sentences, vocabulary, graphics, and illustrations are appropriate. Level of abstraction is appropriate, and real life examples, including careers, are provided. Sufficient applications are provided to promote depth of application. PE: 5-9, 84, 154-157, 214, 378-380 PE: 10-13, 182-186, 269-274, 385-390, 511-515 PE: 5-9, 84, 154-157, 214, 378-380 PE: 51, 101 (#39), 251, 300-304, 625 PE: 25 (#51), 140 (#11), 283 (#35), 303 (#39), 421 PE: 68 (#51c), 100 (#35d), 223 (#61c), 357-361, 416 (#31e) 9