Civil Engineering Construction Practice, Planning & Management Comprehensive Theory with Solved Examples and Practice Questions Publications
Publications MADE EASY Publications Corporate Office: 44-A/4, Kalu Sarai (Near Hauz Khas Metro Station), New Delhi-110016 E-mail: infomep@madeeasy.in Contact: 011-45124660, 8860378007 Visit us at: www.madeeasypublications.org Construction Practice, Planning & Management Copyright, by MADE EASY Publications. All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the above mentioned publisher of this book. First Edition: 2016 Second Edition (Revised and Updated): 2016 All rights reserved by MADE EASY PUBLICATIONS. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form without the written permission from the publisher.
Preface This book was motivated by the desire to further the evolution of a concise book on Construction Practice, Planning & Management. Keeping in focus the importance of this subject in GATE and ESE, we have done a proper study and thereafter developed the content of the book accordingly. This edition has an expanded discussion of all relevant topics in the subject. Initially, we compiled the perceptions of our students on their problems in GATE and ESE while dealing with the questions from this subject. We identified their various problems like- lack of fundamentals of the subject, difficulty in solving simple solutions, shortage of a complete study package, etc. These strengthened our determination to present a complete edition of Construction Practice, Planning & Management textbook. The book addresses all the requirements of the students, i.e. comprehensive coverage of theory, fundamental concepts, objective type problems and conventional problems, articulated in a lucid language. The concise presentation will help the readers grasp the concepts with clarity and apply them with ease to solve problems quickly. The books not only covers the entire syllabus of GATE and ESE, but also addresses the need of many other competitive examinations. Topics like Project Management and Network Theory, PERT and CPM, Crashing of Network, Resource allocation and CPM Updating, Construction Management, Engineering Economy Engineering Equipments, Quality Control, Safety Management and Legislations are given full coverage in line with our research on their importance in competitive examinations. We have put in our sincere efforts to present elaborate solutions for various problems, different problem solving methodology, some useful quick techniques to save time while attempting MCQs without compromising the accuracy of answers. A summary of important points to remember is added at the end of each topic. For the convenience of readers, points to remember are specifically highlighted in the form of a note- both in theory as well as solved examples. At the end of each chapter, sets of practice question are given with their keys, that will allow the readers to evaluate their understanding of the topics and sharpen their problem solving skills. Our team has made their best efforts to remove all possible errors of any kind. Nonetheless, we would highly appreciate and acknowledge if you find and share with us any printing, calculation and conceptual error. It is impossible to thank all the individuals who helped us, but we would like to sincerely thank all the co-authors, editors and reviewers for putting in their efforts to publish this book. We also express our thanks to MADE EASY publications for completing and publishing the book on time. With Best Wishes B. Singh CMD, MADE EASY
Contents Construction Practice, Planning & Management Chapter 1 Project Management and Network Theory... 1 1.1 Introduction... 1 1.2 Phases of Project Management... 1 1.3 Techniques Used for Project Management... 2 1.4 Network Diagram and Techniques... 3 1.5 Elements of a Network... 3 1.6 Rules of a Network... 6 Objective Brain Teasers... 8 Chapter 2 PERT and CPM... 10 2.1 Programme Evaluation and Review Technique... (PERT)...10 2.2 Mean Time, Standard Deviation and Variance of.. an Activity...10 2.3 Central Limit Theorem...11 2.4 Critical Path Method (CPM)...14 2.5 Comparison between PERT and CPM...14 2.6 CPM Systems...16 Objective Brain Teasers...26 Chapter 3 Crashing of Network, Resource allocation and CPM Updating... 28 3.1 Cost Model Analysis...28 3.2 Project Cost...28 3.3 Components of Project Cost...29 3.4 Resource Allocation...31 3.5 CPM Updating...32 Objective Brain Teasers...40 Chapter 4 Construction Management... 41 A. Tendering and Construction Contract 4.1 Introduction...41 4.2 Types of Construction Projects...42 4.3 Tenders and Contracts...42 4.4 Types of Tender...43 4.5 Types of Contracts...43 B. Rate Analysis and Standard Specifications 4.6 Rate Analysis and Standard Specifications...43 C. Estimating and Costing 4.7 Estimation...44 4.8 Measurement of Materials and Works...49 4.9 Detailed and Abstract Estimates of Buildings...57 Objective Brain Teasers...62 Chapter 5 Engineering Economy... 65 5.1 Introduction...65 5.2 Interest and Interest Formulae...65 5.3 Capitalised Cost...71 5.4 Comparison of Alternatives...72 5.5 Break Even Analysis...73 5.6 Depreciation...74 5.7 Depletion...79 Objective Brain Teasers...80 Chapter 6 Engineering Equipments... 82 6.1 Rolling Resistance...82 6.2 Grade Resistance...82 6.3 Earthwork Equipments...85 6.4 Compaction Equipments... 104 6.5 Drilling Equipments... 108 6.6 Blasting of Rocks... 110 6.7 Concreting Equipments... 112 6.8 Hoisting Equipments... 116 Objective Brain Teasers... 118 Chapter 7 Quality Control, Safety Management and Legislations... 120 7.1 Introduction... 120 7.2 Elements of Quality... 120 7.3 Organisation for Quality Control... 121 7.4 Quality Assurance Techniques... 121 7.5 Introduction of Safety Management... 122 7.6 Need for Legislation... 127 Objective Brain Teasers... 129 (iv)