THE DRAMATIC GROWTH OF OPEN ACCESS: THE SPECIAL CONTEXT OF DIRECTORY OF OPEN ACCESS JOURNALS (DOAJ) Bharat H Sondarva Librarian RK University, Rajkot & Ph.D Research Scholar, Saurashtra University, Rajkot E-Mail: baharatsondarva1@gmail.com ABSTRACT Directory of Open Access Journals is a service that indexes and provides access to qualitycontrolled Open Access Journals and their articles. The aim of the Directory is to increase the visibility and ease of use of open access scientific and scholarly journals thereby promoting their increased usage and impact. This article is discuss define open access and dramatic growth of directory of open access journals (DOAJ). Its collection, resource and How do search techniques in DOAJ and what information about a journal or article can find in the directory will be explored. Key Word: Open Access (OA), Open Access Journals and DOAJ INTRODUCTION Open Access is a key for providing universal access to information and knowledge. "Open Access" is a term used to describe a new method of access to literature, that is, any reader has access to literature on the Internet at no cost. The copyright owner, usually the author, allows the user to freely read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full text of the article, crawl it for indexing, convert the reported data to software, or use the article for any other lawful purpose. The basic purpose of Open Access is to make intellectual output of scholars and scientists and their institutions more visible, accessible, harvestable, searchable and useable by any potential user with access to the Internet. The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 162
service covers free, full text, quality-controlled scientific and scholarly journals with the aim to cover all subjects and languages on the Internet available from begin to 2003. LITERATURE REVIEW Because the open access publishing model is so new, some research articles have attempted to define and describe it. Because so many authors have published in open access sources, other articles address the question of how to encourage authors to take advantage of open access publishing options. Many of these articles conclude that academic reference librarians can play an important role in content recruitment for open access sources. Willinsky J. (2003). The Nine Flavours of Open Access Scholarly Publishing. It is often difficult to discuss the effects of open access publishing because there is not a clear consensus on its definition. In The Nine Flavors of Open Access Scholarly Publishing, Marion, J G. (2008). Exploring Academic Reference Librarians Familiarity with, Attitudes toward, and Use of Open Access Resources. Assessment of Educational Reference Librarians' familiarity with a survey of this study, the attitude, and presents the results of an open access resource use. Open access is defined by the Bethesda (2003) Statement on Open Access Publishing, Budapest Open Access( 2002) and Berlin Declaration their common ground, as the BBB definition by Peter Suber The other studies carried out in the field of DOAJ publishing include advisor reviews standard review Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) by Morrison, Indian Contribution to Open Access Literature: A Case Study of DOAJ & OpenDOAR by Fayaz Lone and Open Access Publishing in India: An Analysis of Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) by Pandita. OBJECTIVE The main objective of the study is to evaluate growth for delivering open access to the special context directory of open access journals (DOAJ). RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This study is based on review of literature on the Open Access movement, which includes books, journals, documents, seminar papers, etc. Relevant literature will also be collected and consulted IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 163
through internet browsing to the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) will accessed to get the data related to the study. In the final stage, the data will interpret and analyze based. OPEN ACCESS (OA) As academic publishing mergers and subscription prices increase, much attention has focused on the serials crisis in academic libraries often cannot afford to purchase subscriptions to journals in which the university faculty publishes, and rising subscription prices can even force libraries to cancel existing subscriptions. The increasing price of scholarly information, combined with new technologies that permit widespread access to electronic information, has led to an effort to allow researchers to access scholarly information online for free. In December 2002, the Open Society Institute (OSI) met in Budapest to discuss ways to accelerate progress in the international effort to make research articles in all academic fields freely available on the internet (Budapest Open Access Initiative). The OSI developed the Budapest Open Access Initiative to promote the effort of making peer reviewed research in all academic fields freely available on the internet. The BOAI defines open access to scholarly literature as. Here is the definition of "open access" from the BOAI: "By 'open access' to this literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited." (Budapest Open Access Initiative, FAQ) Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities, Definition of an Open Access Contribution (22 October 2003) The author(s) and right holder(s) of such contributions grant(s) to all users a free, irrevocable, worldwide, right of access to, and a license to copy, use, distribute, transmit and display the work IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 164
publicly and to make and distribute derivative works, in any digital medium for any responsible purpose, subject to proper attribution of authorship (community standards, will continue to provide the mechanism for enforcement of proper attribution and responsible use of the published work, as they do now), as well as the right to make small numbers of printed copies for their personal use. A complete version of the work and all supplemental materials, including a copy of the permission as stated above, in an appropriate standard electronic format is deposited (and thus published) in at least one online repository using suitable technical standards (such as the Open Archive definitions) that is supported and maintained by an academic institution, scholarly society, government agency, or other well established organization that seeks to enable open access, unrestricted distribution, inter operability, and long-term archiving. Open access is defined by the Bethesda (2003) Statement on Open Access Publishing as follows same. The Budapest (February 2002), Bethesda (June 2003), and Berlin (October 2003) definitions of "open access" are the most central and influential for the OA movement. Sometimes I refer to them collectively, or to their common ground, as the BBB definition by Peter Suber This definition of open access focuses on three main characteristics of open access information: it is available on the internet, there are no financial or legal barriers to accessing it, and authors use copyright only to maintain the integrity of their work and retain the right of attribution. While not everyone agrees with every aspect of the BOAI definition, it was a landmark effort to define the goal of the open access movement. DIRECTORY OF OPEN ACCESS JOURNALS (DOAJ) At the First Nordic Conference on Scholarly Communication in Lund/Copenhagen (http://www.lub.lu.se/ncsc2002), the idea of creating a comprehensive directory of Open Access Journals was discussed and the dream came true in founded the DOAJ in 2003. The Directory of Open Access Journals is hosted, maintained and partly funded by Lund University Libraries Head Office. Lars Bjornshauge - Managing Director. He was Director of Libraries at Lund IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 165
University from 2001 to 2011. He became Managing Editor of DOAJ in January 2013. He has vast experience in: change management; the re-engineering of academic libraries; the development of information services for research & higher education. He has been a strong advocate of open access and for providing services to the open access movement (open access to research publications). He is co-founder of OpenDOAR and the Directory of Open Access Books. Since 2011, he is the Director of SPARC Europe. The aim of the DOAJ is to increase the visibility and ease of use of open access scientific and scholarly journals, thereby promoting their increased usage and impact. The DOAJ aims to be comprehensive and cover all open access scientific and scholarly journals that use a quality control system to guarantee the content. In short, the DOAJ aims to be the one-stop shop for users of open access journals. It defines open access journals as journals that use a funding model that does not charge readers or their institutions for access. From the BOAI definition of "open access", we support the rights of users to "read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles" as mandatory for a journal to be included in the directory. The journal does exercise peer-review or editorial quality control to be included. DRAMATIC GROWTH DIRECTORY OF OPEN ACCESS JOURNALS (DOAJ) To execute the common operation like, addition, subtraction, percentage etc the data analysis has been undertaken mostly by putting data in the excel format. Point percentage has been taken up to two decimal points during the entire analysis. Table 1: Cumulative Growth of Open Access Journals Year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Growth Journals Year wise (%age increase) 1404 1988 2512 3031 3810 4506 5934 7371 8460 9745 14.40 5.99 5.37 5.32 7.99 7.14 14.65 14.74 11.17 13.18 IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 166
We have a closer look at the tabulated figures and the graphical presentation of the growth of open access journals at DOAJ. If we have a look at the growth of journals during an individual year we can see OA journals during the year 2004, to 2013 with almost equal growth. We see from the figures more percentage growth year 2004 (14.40%), 2010(14.65%) 2011 (14.74%) and 2013 (13.18%) by year wise. we have a look at the growth of journals during an individual year we can see Growth of journals 2011 (14.74%) year were shows better growth rate. Table 2: Cumulative Growth of Article of Journals Year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Growth Article Year wise (%age increase) 62703 83228 123985 166758 244307 333486 489940 720667 943475 1573847 3.98 1.30 2.58 2.71 4.92 5.66 9.94 14.66 14.15 40.04 IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 167
We have an analysis of cumulative growth of article of journals at DOAJ. There are 2004 in 1404 (14.40%) to 2013 in 9745 (13.18%) growth of journals, so we can see figures and the graphical presentation of the growth year wise article of journals 2004 (3.98 %) 2011 (14.66 %) and 2012 (14.15%) growth are more. If we have a look at the growth of journals during an individual year we can see Growth of article of journals 2013(40.04%) year were shows better growth rate. Table 3: Cumulative Growth of Journals searchable at Article level Year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Growth searchable at Article Year wise (%age increase) 374 492 746 986 1338 1747 2492 3525 4195 5673 6.59 2.08 4.47 4.23 6.20 7.20 13.13 18.2 11.81 26.05 IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 168
We have an analysis of cumulative growth of journals searchable at Article level at DOAJ. There are 2004 in 62703 (3.98%) to 2013 in 1573847 (40.04%) growth of journals searchable at Article level, so we can see figures and the graphical presentation of the growth year wise journals searchable at Article level 2004 (6.58 %) 2010 (13.13%) and 2011 (182%) growth are more. If we have a look at the growth of journals during an individual year we can see Growth of journals searchable at Article level 2013(26.05%) year were shows better growth rate. Conclusion The Directory of Open Access Journals is a significant resource. DOAJ has developed a welldeserved reputation for quality, and is the world s most authoritative list of fully Open Access, peer-reviewed titles. The size of the title list in DOAJ is very impressive, and compares favorably with commercial options. DOAJ is growing dramatically. The service provided by DOAJ is so obviously important, and the membership fees such an incredible bargain, that it seems highly likely that ongoing economic security will be a reality for DOAJ in the not too distant future. Libraries, consortia, universities, and research centers should consider IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 169
membership; vendors serving the library community are well advised to consider DOAJ membership or sponsorship. Reference 1) Berlin-Declaration. (Accessed on 19.09.2013), http://openaccess.mpg.de/286432/berlin- Declaration 2) Bethesda Statement. (Accessed on 21.12.2013), http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/bethesda.htm 3) Budapest Open Access Initiative, FAQ. (Accessed on 01.12.2013), http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm 4) Budapest Open Access Initiative. (Accessed on 01.12.2013), http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org 5) DOAJ. (Accessed on 20.01.2014), http://www.doaj.org/about#criteria 6) First Nordic Conference on Scholarly Communication Lund 22-23 October 2002 Copenhagen 24 October 2002. (Accessed on 12.01.2014), http://www.lub.lu.se/ncsc2002/ 7) Lone,Fayaz. and Rather,Rafiq (2010). Indian Contribution to Open Access Literature: A Case Study of DOAJ & OpenDOAR. Chinese Librarianship: an International Electronic Journal, 29 (2010). (Accessed on 02.02.2014), http://www.iclc.us/cliej/cl26fayaz.pdf 8) Marion N. Grabarek-Matthews. (May, 2008). Exploring Academic Reference Librarians Familiarity with, Attitudes toward, and Use of Open Access Resources. A Master s Paper for the M.S. in L.S degree. School of Information and Library Science of the University of North Carolina 2008 (Accessed on 22.01.2014), https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/indexablecontent?id=uuid:719e7895-2fe7-49d7-a528-37f69db7fe10&ds=data_file 9) Morrison, Heather(2008). ADVISOR REVIEWS STANDARD REVIEW Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) Date of Review: August 17, 2007. The Charleston Advisor / January 2008. (Accessed on 05.02.2014), www.charlestonco.com IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 170
10) Pandita, R. (2013). Open access publishing in India: An analysis of directory of open access journals (DOAJ). International Journal of Information Dissemination and Technology, 3(3), 176-183. (Accessed on 30.01.2014), http://ijidt.com/index.php/ijidt/issue/view/16 11) Peter, Suber. Open Access Overview. (Accessed on 03.01.2014), http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm 12) Willinsky J. (2003). The Nine Flavours of Open Access Scholarly Publishing. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, v49 (3), 263-267. (Accessed on 24.01.2014), http://www.jpgmonline.com/article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=2003;volume=49;issue=3;spage=263;epage=267;aulast=willinsky#ft8. IJODLS Geetanjali Research Publication 171