UNICEF/NYHA2-844 Josh Estey, Indonesia Access to sanitation in countries of East Asia: a snapshot of status A regional perspective based on new data from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Democratic People s Republic of Korea, Indonesia, Japan, Lao People s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Viet Nam Prepared for the 2 nd East Asia Ministerial Conference on Sanitation and Hygiene Manila, Philippines 27-29 January 21
Sanitation coverage Sanitation coverage trends, EASAN countries 5 7 1 1 12 12 17 Open Defecation 24 29 798 million people in East Asia do not use an improved sanitation facility 3 2 (millions) 15 China, 7 38 Indonesia: 19 million 8 Indonesia, 19 Viet Nam, 22.2 1 Philippines, 21. Cambodia, 1.4 Myanmar, 9.3 China: 7 million 9 3 2 Lao PDR, 2.9 Improved Thailand, 2.9 5 Mongolia, 1.3 48 Malaysia, 1.2 4 Timor-Leste,. Population in East Asia without improved sanitation, Total The majority of people without improved sanitation live in rural areas Sanitation coverage, 8 7 712 Population (millions) Total Percentage of the population using an improved sanitation facility, 5 493 4 3 35 2 212 /rural disparities in population without improved sanitation, and (millions) Front page: A boy brushes his teeth, while an adult washes his hair, in the remote village of Nogo Sar II in Bantul District in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
Coverage (%) The sanitation ladder by country Sanitation coverage, (Ranked by the proportion practising open defecation) Cambodia Timor-Leste Lao PDR Indonesia Mongolia Philippines Viet Nam China 29 5 53 52 5 7 75 55 4 43 38 2 13 8 4 Myanmar 81 1 Malaysia Thailand 9 9 Japan Republic of Korea Singapore 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 Coverage (%) Improved and rural disparities Large urban and rural disparities still exist in several countries 9 95 95 9 94 8 8 8 79 8 7 7 9 7 7 4 58 52 4 38 4 3 32 2 18 and rural sanitation coverage in East Asia, Note: estimates are not available for Brunei Darussalam and Democratic People s Republic of Korea
Prevalence of open defecation, Total 134 million people in East Asia still practise open defecation declined sharply in rural areas 2 (millions) Indonesia, 58 19 China, 5 15 Philippines,.8 Indonesia: 58 million China: 5 million Viet Nam, 5. Lao PDR, 2.3 Timor-Leste,.5 Mongolia,.3 Population (millions) Cambodia, 9.3 77 58 5 Myanmar,.3 27 Malaysia,.1 Population practising open defecation in East Asia, /rural disparities in population practising open defecation, and
Population (millions) Population (millions) Progress on sanitation Progress towards the MDG sanitation target, On track Coverage in was less than 5 per cent below the rate it needed to be for the country to reach the MDG target or coverage was higher than 95% Progress but insufficient Coverage in was 5 per cent to 1 per cent below the rate it needed to be for the country to reach the MDG target Not on track Coverage in was more than 1 per cent below the rate it needed to be for the country to reach the MDG target, or the trend shows a decreasing coverage No or insufficient data Data were unavailable or insufficient to estimate trends and rural disparities 233 million urban dwellers in East Asia use shared sanitation facilities 1,2 1, 8 4 2 Improved 1,2 1, 8 4 2 Improved Distribution of urban and rural populations in East Asia using different sanitation options, -
Improved Improved Improved Sanitation Coverage Sanitation coverage: Country estimates by type of sanitation practices,, 2, Sanitation Coverage (%) Population Total Country, area or territory Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China Democratic People s Republic of Korea Indonesia Japan Lao People s Democratic Republic Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Thailand Timor-Leste Viet Nam EASAN countries Year Total (,) (%) 257 5.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 333 71.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 392 74.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9 9 12. 38 5 9 48 5 1 5 89 9 2 5 84 2 12 7 1.9 5 7 37 1 2 82 17 3 74 14 52 21.5 7 9 2 22 18 4 3 75 29 5 2 4 1 142 9 27.4 48 25 24 3 38 47 9 41 11 41 7 2 1 2 954 35.8 55 28 12 5 4 7 41 49 15 3 1 337 411 43.1 58 3 52 8 38 2 55 17 24 4 2 143 58.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 22 859.2 58-42 - - 4-59 - 41-23 819 2. - - - - - - - - - - - - 177 385 3. 58 8 1 18 22 7 23 48 33 7 21 39 2 25 28 42. 3 8 12 17 3 9 19 42 44 9 1 31 227 345 51. 7 9 8 1 3 11 17 3 52 1 12 2 123 191 3.1 - - - 2 12 7 5.2 - - - 127 293.4 - - - 1995* 4 89 17.4 5 3 1 31 1 1 8 81 18 1 9 72 2 5 43 22. 2 4 8 2 1 1 8 75 2 2 8 4 25 3.9 8 5 3 38 2 8 52 53 3 38 18 13 49.8 88 4 7 1 81 3 7 9 84 3 8 5 2 23 274 2. 94 4 1 1 9 4 2 4 92 4 2 2 27 14 7.5 9 4 95 4 1 9 4 1995* 2 27 5.8 7 32 1 25 19 17 39 49 2 8 17 2 2 389 5. 32 2 2 2 18 3 49 27 8 1 2 41 57.1 4 31 2 3 32 24 18 2 5 28 9 13 1995* 43 84 2.1 77 9 12 2 39 5 29 27 49 25 2 2 4 1 28. 81 1 8 1 59 8 19 14 5 9 1 1 49 53 32. 8 1 4 79 11 9 1 81 11 7 1 2 427 48.8 7 14 8 8 4 9 22 23 58 11 15 1 2 77 89 58.5 7 15 3 59 12 11 18 9 14 11 9 348 5. 8 1 4 9 14 3 14 7 15 1 8 42 983 73.8 - - - 2 4 429 79. - - - 48 152 81.5 - - - 3 1 99-1 - 99-1 - 99-1 - 2 4 18 - - - 4 15 - - - 5 73 29.4 93 5 2 74 3 23 8 4 1 2 2 347 31.1 94 5 1 92 4 4 93 4 3 7 38 33.2 95 5 9 4 9 4 74 2.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 815 24.3 55 4 2 21 25 1 22 52 32 2 22 44 1 98 27.3 7 5 19 4 2 52 5 3 4 43 247 2.3 1 3 1 2 29 2 23 4 35 2 21 42 2 78 3 24.3 79 4 7 1 5 3 22 25 57 3 19 21 87 9 27.8 94 5 1 7 4 21 8 75 4 15 1 77 214 32.4 3 2 12 5 4 38 1 48 1 3 12 2 1 982 53 4. 7 22 5 49 7 32 12 5 13 22 9 2 114 943 4. 9 24 1 5 8 29 7 2 15 17 * 1995 estimates are given for Lao PDR, Mongolia and Myanmar, as there are no estimates Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on the maps in this document do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations or its specialized agencies