Mani Subramanian, ABB Network Management, 18 May 2009 DTS Session User Group Meeting Spring 2009 June 12, 2009 Slide 1
Application of DTS Use DTS to train operators Interface with DMS Interface with Markets software Post-disturbance replay/investigation from historian Use DTS for testing June 12, 2009 Slide 2
Enhancement to DTS Multiple SEFG/SICR sessions June 12, 2009 Slide 3
Use DTS to train operators Ability to use the DTS as a stand alone application, without trainer intervention, but with the ability to log performance Feature currently available Set up base case with pre-defined scenario Initialize simulation and get to HOLD state Perform snapshot (set retain snapshot to yes ) Retrieve snapshot for training session Start simulation June 12, 2009 Slide 4
Use DTS to train operators (Cont.) Ability to train system operator to recognize the approaching of system problems, and hence the adoption of remedial actions Prepare various scratchpads with scenario for various system conditions Build up training scenario with scratchpads (with pre-defined time) Insert scratchpads during simulation June 12, 2009 Slide 5
Use DTS to train operators (Cont.) Recovery from major system disturbances, such as black out, and voltage collapse Blackout System heading towards blackout conditions (internal area) System blackout Preparation for restoration Restoration via neighboring companies Restoration via black start units Voltage collapse System approaching system collapse Restoration of system to normal condition June 12, 2009 Slide 6
Use DTS to train operators (Cont.) Ability to train TRANSCO and GENCO operators TRANSCO Transmission (sub-transmission) system operates by trainee Generation control and interchange scheduling handle by Instructor (or other means) GENCO Generation control under trainee s attention Interchange schedule handled/coordinated by trainee Transmission (sub-transmission) system actions performed by Instructor (playing the role of system operator of associate TRANCO) June 12, 2009 Slide 7
Use DTS to train operators (Cont.) Use of Advance Network Applications functions All study mode network application function will function as EMS system (with or without simulation) With the simulation running Train the operator on Real-Time Application functions Train the operator to recognize abnormal conditions via SE solution June 12, 2009 Slide 8
Interface with DMS June 12, 2009 Slide 9
Interface with DMS (Cont.) June 12, 2009 Slide 10
Interface with DMS (Cont.) Generalized Approach EMS/DTS Model ICCP Link DMS Model Model June 12, 2009 Slide 11
Interface with Markets software To overcome the DTS clock synchronization issue, simulation will run in real-time clock Special logic to interface with market data is required Joint paper to be presented at upcoming IEEE PES General Meeting at Calgary in July 2009, Use of Simulators in Testing New Electricity Markets session. June 12, 2009 Slide 12
Post-disturbance replay/investigation from historian Disturbance from production system June 12, 2009 Slide 13
Post-disturbance replay/investigation from historian (Cont.) Disturbance from production and/or DTS system June 12, 2009 Slide 14
Use DTS for testing Validation of Power System Model Development and testing of software and evaluation of dispatchers responses Tune up other applications, like root cause alarm processor (GoalArt) June 12, 2009 Slide 15
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM Quick and simple use of DTS by operators (select a saved DTS case, select a set of scenario and run) Although, the exact function is not available at the current moment of time, however the snapshot capability can meet 90 percent of the requirement. Feature currently available Set up base case with pre-defined scenario Initialize simulation and get to HOLD state Perform snapshot (set retain snapshot to yes ) Retrieve snapshot for training session Start simulation June 12, 2009 Slide 16
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) Generation of Scenario Event For Specific system Condition The group member expressed the need to be able to generate appropriate events to reproduce a desire system condition under simulation mode (such as voltage collapse, circuit over load, blackout etc). The following suggestions were made:- Base on the ranked contingency analysis result, events can be created to simulate the consequences Use the result of the Voltage Stability Analysis to prepare a condition which will lead to voltage collapse June 12, 2009 Slide 17
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) DTS should help the operator to understand and learn the best practices and standards in power system operations All agreed that with careful setup of the training session, System conditions Sequence of events Instructor participation during training for interactions between control centers Post training discussions June 12, 2009 Slide 18
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) June 12, 2009 Slide 19 Simulation Modeling Issues The following simulation modeling topics were discussed:- The extend of the power system model will depend on the requirement of the training session. The model should cover all the equipment the trainee needs to see and reference to. The simulator cannot simulate the transient behavior of the power system. However, it provides facilities to the Instructor(s) to introduce the subsequent system responses to such transient occurrence (such as tripping of the relays etc.). These types of conditions can be pre built and stored in scratchpads and introduced by the Instructor(s) with the pre set scenario events or ad hoc events during simulation.
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) June 12, 2009 Slide 20 Simulation Modeling Issues (Cont.) It is important that appropriate staff is assigned to oversee and up keep the simulator database and scenario events for the training sessions. CAISO has shared their experiences with the group. The Grid Operator Training Simulator (GOTS) at CAISO has been modified to facilitate for use in conjunction with the market system. These changes are customized changes to meet their need. It was also suggested that some genetic sets of scenario be provided for some typical training sessions. It was found that, suggestion can be made but it will still rely on the individual utility to tune the events to suit their requirements.
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) The current set up time for DTS is too long The initial set up of the Base Cases and the library of scenario events (in Scenario Event File Save Cases and/or Scratchpads) may take a longer time. Subsequently, the simulation session can be formulated with the aide of these features. Note that the scenario events (Scenario Event File Save Cases and Scratchpads) can be transfer between databases. ABB will continue to simplify the setup procedures and at the same time provide as much as possible the freedom of flexibility to tailor the training secessions. June 12, 2009 Slide 21
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) Black Start: EPRI OTS require tuning for dynamic response of units ABB will look into the support requirement for providing tuning guideline for the dynamic components of the simulation model. June 12, 2009 Slide 22
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) Representation of feeder load and simulation of unbalance effects The issue of how to simulate the feeder loads, if the feeder is not part of the power system model, was discussed. The following views were exchanged:- To truly represent the feeder load, the feeder needs to be represented in the power system model. Majority of the time, the measurements from the feeder load are in ampere (sometime with three phase values), therefore historical load data (in MW and MVAR) cannot be readily determined. Nevertheless, some form of relationship can be established from the historical data and be used to form the bridge to overcome this shortfall. June 12, 2009 Slide 23
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) Representation of feeder load and simulation of unbalance effects (Cont.) Since the simulator is based on a balanced system and a single phase load flow is used to calculate the system conditions. Therefore, the unbalance ampere values cannot be represented. During the discussion session, a possible solution was tabled. Assuming that the active and reactive power value can be determined (this is most likely to be on the feeder points), then the balance phase ampere value can be determined. A random factor can be generated to off set the balance value by a small amount. Hence, unbalance effect can be simulated. June 12, 2009 Slide 24
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) Representation of feeder load and simulation of unbalance effects (Cont.) P L = Three phase load active power Q L = Three phase load reactive power R pa = Randon number for active power in phase a (0-1 same for b and c phases) R qa = Randon number for reactive power in phase a (0-1 same for b and c phases) F pa = Distribution factor for active power in phase a (same for b and c phases) = (1+ R qa )/(3 + R qa + R qb + R qc ) F qa = Distribution factor for reactive power in phase a (same for b and c phases) = (1+ R qa )/(3 + R qa + R qb + R qc ) June 12, 2009 Slide 25
Discussion Item Of Fall 2008 UGM (Cont.) Representation of feeder load and simulation of unbalance effects (Cont.) P a = Active power in phase a (0-1 same for b and c phases) = P L * F pa Q a = Reactive power in phase a (0-1 same for b and c phases) = Q L * F qa The corresponding ampere values can be calculated. June 12, 2009 Slide 26
June 12, 2009 Slide 27