TAKING AFRICAN GEOTHERMAL KNOWLEDGE TO A HIGHER LEVEL TRAINING ACTIVITIES OF UNU-GTP FOR AFRICA Lúdvík S. Georgsson and Ingimar G. Haraldsson UNU-GTP ARGeo-C6 conference Addis Ababa, November 2-4, 2016 1 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
CONTENTS 1. UNU Geothermal Training Programme in Iceland 2. UNU-GTP short courses and training in Africa 3. New developments at UNU-GTP 4. Looking into the future 2 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
WE DO NEED SPECIAL CAPACITY BUILDING FOR GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPEMENT! Developing geothermal resources is a multidisciplinary task of geoscientist and engineers of various specialities Geothermal aspects are not standard subjects in universities Serious development must be met by local expertise at least with the capacity to be able to select good consultants and then cooperate with them More importantly this ensures that knowhow is left behind for running the geothermal installations and monitoring the geothermal systems, and for going further for future development of a similar kind The mandate of UNU Geothermal Training Programme is to assist with such capacity building 3 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY GEOTHERMAL TRAINING PROGRAMME UNU-GTP has operated in Iceland since 1979 Aims at assisting developing nations with significant geothermal potential to build up expertise in most aspects of geothermal exploration and development. This we do through offering: - annual 6-month specialised training courses in Iceland for professionals in geothermal work, through UNU Fellowships, with weight on research projects, published in: Geothermal Training in Iceland and on our website: www.unugtp.is - additional Fellowships to former UNU Fellows to further their geothermal knowledge through MSc and PhD studies in Iceland - annual Short Course series in two key geothermal regions: in East Africa, and in Latin America and the Caribbean Islands (LAC), from 2005/2006 - general services of customer-designed sponsored courses in line with the needs of the customer 4 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
6-MONTH TRAINING THE REVIEWED TIME SCHEDULE FROM 2015 New or modified aspects were introduced in 2015: Some reorganization of study lines and a new line introduced: Project Management and Finances Group work introduced into the starting phase 5 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
MSc AND PhD STUDIES Carried out at the University of Iceland (UI) or Reykjavik University (RU) The 6-month training fulfils 25% of the requirements (30 out of 120 ECTS units) for an MSc degree UNU-GTP Fellowships cover costs associated with living and studying in Iceland Research projects published by UNU-GTP PhD studies at the University of Iceland (to date) Two Kenyan women the first Africans to defend a PhD degree at the University of Iceland, in 2013 and 2016, both on UNU-GTP Fellowships 6 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
Asia 35% Oceania 1% PARTICIPATION IN UNU-GTP IN ICELAND Europe 12% Africa 38% L-America & Caribbean 14% 1979 2016 647 (244) scientists and engineers from 60 (17) countries have completed the 6-month specialized course now given in 8 different lines of study Thereof 141 are women (22%) MSc programme with University of Iceland since 2000, and now also Reykjavik University: 51 (30) graduates 11 (7) enrolled (autumn 2016) PhD programme with UI from 2008 two have defended their PhD thesis currently 3 (2) are pursuing their studies Support to former UNU Fellows to attend WGC and UNU anniversaries, and some other key conferences 7 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
NUMBER OF UNU FELLOWS IN ICELAND 1979-2016 60 50 40 Non-African UNU Fellows MSc Fellows African UNU Fellows PhD Fellows 1 2 2 2 3 13 11 10 3 10 2 3 17 16 4 16 30 20 10 0 4 6 5 3 3 3 2 2 6 7 7 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 2 16 13 9 12 26 17 6 14 19 4 15 13 4 5 19 1 3 5 7 3 7 3 4 7 5 12 3 1 2 3 4 5 1 6 4 4 2 4 12 12 12 13 15 17 14 12 12 12 13 12 13 16 14 15 15 16 14 15 17 13 10 10 10 10 7 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 In 2013 five Fellows were trained in Kenya 8 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
HOME COUNTRIES OF UNU FELLOWS 1979-2016 Lithuania Lithuania 2 Bulgaria 2 5 Russia 9 Latvia 1 Poland 14 Ukraine Latvia 21 Slovakia 2 Hungary Ukraine 6 2 Mongolia 12 Serbia Slovakia 3 2 Romania Romania 5 9Mongolia 9 Russia 9 Macedonia Serbia 1 3 Bulgaria Turkey 510 China 72 Albania 2 Georgia Azerbaijan 1 1 China 85 Georgia Portugal Macedonia 4 1 Azerbaijan 1 Greece 3 Turkey 10 Iran 20 25 Nepal 2 Tunisia Algeria 46 Nepal 2 Honduras 23 Greece 3 Mexico 8 Morocco Algeria 4 1 Nicaragua 13 Pakistan 4 Thailand 5 Guatemala 3 Egypt 4 Jordan 6 Bangladesh 5 Jordan 6 Vietnam 5 Guatemala 3 Nicaragua Nevis 8 2 Tunisia 6 Eritrea Yemen 7 3 Vietnam 6 Sudan 1 India 2 Philippines 31 40 El Salvador 28 39 Dominica 1 Pakistan Ethiopia 38 Eritrea 6 Djibouti 5 4 St. Vincent 1 Yemen 4 Thailand 5 Costa Rica 16 18 Congo 1 Djibouti Ethiopia 15 Sri 26Lanka 4 Uganda 13 17 Kenya Rwanda3 117 Ecuador 3 12 45 Burundi 12 Comoros 2 Indonesia 24 29 Papua New Guinea 5 Bolivia 3 Tanzania 13 5 Malawi 3 Zambia 1 9 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
UNU FELLOWS IN ICELAND 2016 THE BIGGEST GROUP IN ICELAND TO DATE 34 UNU FELLOWS AS IN 2013 10 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
SHORT COURSES IN SUPPORT OF THE UN DEVELOPMENT GOALS Special contribution of the Government of Iceland towards the UN Millennium Development Goals was support for geothermal training in two continents, Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean Series of Annual Short Courses during 2005-2015 in total 12 events in Africa with about 550 participants, and 8 events in Central America with 410 participants Close cooperation partners in the African series have been the Kenyan energy companies KenGen (from the start) and GDC (from its establishment in 2009) In 2016 these have been reorganised with launching of the new SDG Short Course Series taking aim in geothermal energy s contribution to the UN Sustainable Development Goals SDGs agreed upon at the COP21 in Paris last year 11 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
UNU-GTP MILLENNIUM SHORT COURSES 2005-2015 UN MILLENNIUM WORKSHOP AND SHORT COURSES FOR E-AFRICA Event Main site Dates Workshop for Decision Makers on Geothermal Projects and their Management Naivasha, Kenya Nov. 14 18, 2005 5 Short Course on Surface Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Nov. 13 22, 2006 10 Short Course II on Surface Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Nov. 2 17, 2007 16 Short Course III on Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Oct. 24 Nov. 17, 2008 25 Short Course on Geothermal Project Management and Development Entebbe, Uganda Nov. 20 22, 2008 3 Short Course IV on Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Nov. 1 22, 2009 22 Short Course V on Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Oct. 29 Nov. 19, 2010 22 Short Course VI on Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Oct. 27 Nov. 18, 2011 23 Short Course VII on Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Oct. 27 Nov. 18, 2012 23 Short Course VIII on Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Oct. 31 Nov. 22, 2013 23 Short Course IX on Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Nov. 2 23, 2014 22 Short Course X on Exploration for Geothermal Resources Naivasha, Kenya Nov. 9 30, 2015 22 Duration (days) 12 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
PARTICIPATION IN THE E-AFRICAN SHORT COURSE SERIES 2005-2015 Country Kenya Kenya Kenya Kenya Ugan. Kenya Kenya Kenya Kenya Kenya Kenya Kenya 2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Tot. Algeria 1 1 2 Burundi 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 14 Cameroon 1 1 1 3 Comoros 2 2 3 2 1 1 2 1 14 D.R. Congo 1 1 1 3 3 2 2 13 Djibouti 2 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 25 Egypt 1 1 1 Eritrea 2 3 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 19 Ethiopia 5+2 3 1 2 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 35 Kenya 6+9 10 13 18 21 31 30 28 32 30 28 256 Malawi 3 3 2 3 1 2 14 Morocco 1 1 Mozambique 1 1 2 1 1 1 7 Niger 1 1 Nigeria 2 2 1 1 6 Rwanda 2 2 1 3 3 4 6 3 2 2 28 Sudan 2 3 2 1 8 Tanzania 2 2 2 2 4 3 3 2 3 2 3 7 35 Uganda 4 3 3 2 5 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 35 Zambia 2 2 2 3 2 3 1 2 17 Zimbabwe 1 1 Yemen 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 15 Others 2 13 1 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016 3 Total 30 23 30 37 24 45 56 58 61 70 58 62 554
Short Course / Workshop UNU-GTP MILLENNIUM SHORT COURSES 2005-2015 - LECTURERS Total Home country Neighboring countries International Iceland UNU- Fellows Kenya 2005 16 9 2 1 4 8 (50%) Kenya 2006 20 11 5 0 4 15 (75%) Kenya 2007 25 16 4 0 5 18 (72%) Kenya 2008 28 19 5 0 4 23 (82%) Kenya 2009 35 27 4 0 4 26 (74%) Kenya 2010 34 27 3 0 4 23 (68%) Kenya 2011 36 27 5 0 4 27 (75%) Kenya 2012 48 40 4 0 4 29 (73%) Kenya 2013 50 40 6 0 4 32 (64%) Kenya 2014 56 46 6 0 4 31 (55%) Kenya 2015 64 54 6 0 4 38 (59%) Uganda 2008 15 1 7 2 5 8 (53%) 14 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
15 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
POSITIVE SIDE CONSEQUENCES With the UN Millennium Short Course series, UNU-GTP has been able to reach out to a much larger number of people than proved possible through the training in Iceland The courses have proven a good venue for interviewing and selection of UNU Fellows for the more extensive training in Iceland The courses have also catalyzed increased regional cooperation, as well as being a venue for sharing knowledge between generations 16 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
LAUNCHING OF THE NEW SDG SHORT COURSE SERIES Held in support of the UN SDGs, in particular: Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all Goal 12: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts Basic setup similar as in the earlier short courses series, but: - With greater attention to the concept of sustainability and actions to combat climate change First event in the LAC series launched in September with the SDG Short Course I on Sustainability and Environmental Management of Geothermal Resource Utilization and the Role of Geothermal in Combatting Climate Change held in El Salvador, September 4-10, with 68 participants This month will see the launching of the new African series with the: SDG Short Course I on Exploration and Development of Geothermal Resources to be held in Kenya, November 10-30 17 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
AFRICAN SDG SHORT COURSE SERIES ON EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES Emphasis still on exploration, but other aspects of geothermal development addressed Includes field work at Lake Bogoria for 1 week, and 2 weeks of lectures and project work at Lake Naivasha including field trips to the Olkaria geothermal field Lectures have been added on reservoir engineering and project management Two different types of group work options will be offered based on the varying geothermal conditions in the participating countries, with emphasis on: low-temperature activity for participants from the Western Rift high temperature activity for the participants from the Eastern Rift We are expecting 60-65 participants from 16 countries to participate with Madagascar a new addition to the UNU-GTP family 18 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
CUSTOMER DESIGNED TRAINING ACTIVITIES Triggered by the urgent need for training in countries planning fast tracking of geothermal development with the first events in 2010 Made possible in part by the experience accumulated by running the Millennium Short Courses and education material prepared for them Have proven a good opportunity for some countries / institutions in need of a rapid capacity building process, beyond what the UNU-GTP can offer under its conventional operations 19 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
CUSTOMER DESIGNED TRAINING ACTIVITIES Financed by the beneficiary company/ institution or by the support of external sources such as bilateral or multilateral aid agencies In 2010-2016, close to 40 events, short courses or advanced training, have been run on 5 continents, 21 of these have been given in Africa Contents have varied from being general to indepth training Duration has varied from 2 days to 6 months 20 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
EXAMPLES OF CUSTOMER DESIGNED SHORT COURSES AND TRAINING ACTIVITIES IN AFRICA Event Location Dates Customer Duration Training Course on Exploration for Geothermal Resources Silali, Kenya May 17 Jun. 12, 2010 GDC 2 weeks Course on Geothermal Technology Naivasha, Kenya Apr. 16 Jul. 14, 2012 KenGen 13 weeks Advanced Training in Borehole Geology Jul. 16 Dec. 16, 2012 Naivasha, Kenya Jan. 7 Feb. 2, 2013 KenGen 6 months Training in Drilling Supervision Karisimbi & Kigali, Jul. 1, 2013 Rwanda Feb. 8, 2014 ICEIDA and EWSA 10 weeks Training in TFT-Measurements of Two-Phase Flow Naivasha, Kenya Mar. 31 Apr. 12, 2014 KenGen 2 weeks Short Course for Decision Makers on Geothermal Development Naivasha, Kenya Sep. 24 28, 2013 ICEIDA 5 days Short Course on Geothermal Project Management Nakuru, Kenya May 18 28, 2015 ICEIDA, NDF, GDC 10 days Short Course on Preparation of Bankable Documents Djibouti, Rep. Of ICEIDA, ODDEG, CERD, Sept. 5 10, 2015 for Geothermal Projects Djibouti MERN 5 days Short Course on Borehole Geophysics for Addis Ababa & Geothermal Development Aluto, Ethiopia June 6 18, 2016 ICEIDA, NDF, GSE, EEP 2 weeks 21 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
NEW CAPACITY BUILDING OPPORTUNITIES In 2016, UNU-GTP has cooperated with UNU-EHS on support for MSc programme of the Pan African University Institute of Water and Energy Sciences (PAUWES) in Tlemcen, Algeria, with 4 of its MSc students coming to Iceland for work on their MSc projects dealing with aspects of geothermal energy research Three of the students were from Kenya wile the fourth one came from Uganda All four stayed in Iceland for 3 months and had a teacher from UNU- GTP as their main supervisor in the MSc thesis work 22 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
THE DIPLOMA COURSE IN EL SALVADOR In 2010-2015, a postgraduate Diploma Course for Spanish speaking geothermal students in the LAC region was given five times at University of El Salvador, supported by different partners In April 2016, UNU-GTP signed a cooperation agreement with LaGeo, the main geothermal company of El Salvador, in becoming an active partner in the running of this 5-month Diploma Course, together with LaGeo Agreement was also reached with the Nordic Development Fund (NDF), with MFA/ICEIDA as an intermediary partner, to finance this in 2016 and 2017 The new SDG Short Course Series in El Salvador is now also an integral part of the Diploma Course, and a few experts from Iceland will come in as guest lecturers In 2016, 30 Spanish speaking geothermal students are attending the course Twenty of these are on full Fellowships with 10 coming from outside El Salvador 23 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
AFRICAN GEOTHERMAL CENTER OF EXCELLENCE Further growth of geothermal training in Africa should be through a sustainable regional geothermal centre The new SDG Short Course series could become an integral part of that With the MFA/ICEIDA and NDF ready to step in with Kenya and its geothermal companies and possibly UNEP in securing the financial background and UNU-GTP ready to assist in developing the curricula for the planned courses, there is no need to delay its development it has already taken far too long time If geothermal development in E-Africa is to continue at full speed, as we hope and expect it to do, we need to see it being formally launched in 2017 24 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
WORLD GEOTHERMAL CONGRESS - WGC2015 96 UNU FELLOWS ATTENDED THE MELBOURNE CONGRESS MORE THAN 260 PAPERS FROM ABOUT 180 UNU FELLOWS ACCEPTED 25 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
FOCUSSING ON A GEOTHERMAL FUTURE Our base programme is the 6-month training 34 participants in 2016 Increased number of fellowships for MSc studies and PhD studies in Iceland The annual Short Course Series in E-Africa and LAC area have been replaced with launching of new SDG Short Course Series with sharper focus on the new UN SDGs The Customer-Designed Short Courses are a significant and still growing factor Cooperation with other UNU institutions has been increased as seen in the support to the MSc education at PAUWES in Algeria Active participation in the running of the 5-month geothermal Diploma Course at UES a possible future model for the African Geothermal Center of Excellence Strengthening our general Policy-Making Role in geothermal, with emphasis on specific regions calling also for a more research orientated framework 26 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE Utilization of indigenous renewable energy resources as a replacement for fossil fuels is a must in a world where ever increasing emission of greenhouse gasses and global warming is becoming one of the greatest threats to mankind According to the new UN Sustainable Development Goals, we must: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all Capacity building, transfer of technology and increased emphasis on policy making are key issues in the sustainable development of geothermal resources The UNU-GTP will continue to support geothermal as best it can 27 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016
Thanks for the attention 28 LSG/IGH Nov. 3, 2016