TEACHING WRITING PROCEDURE TEXT BY COMBINING MAGNET SUMMARIES STRATEGY WITH EXIT SLIP STRATEGY AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Oleh: MELIA NOPITA *) **) Riny Dwitya Sani Staf Pengajar Program Study Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat ABSTRAK Melia Nopita (NIM. 10040272) Pengajaran Writing Dengan Menggabungkan Strategi Magnet Summaries dan Strategi Exit Slip untuk Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas, Makalah. Program Sarjana STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat. Padang. 2015 Penulisan makalah ini bertujuan untuk membantu mengatasi salah satu dari sekian banyak permasalahan yang ada dalam pengajaran writing di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Selain itu makalah ini juga dimaksudkan sebagai masukan bagi guru-guru Bahasa Inggris dalam mengajar writing sehingga siswa tertarik dan lebih termotivasi. Dalam makalah ini penulis membahas bagaimana pengajaran writing dengan menggunakan dua strategi yaitu Magnet Summaries Strategy dengan Exit Slip Strategy. Magnet Summaries Srategy merupakan salah satu strategi dalam mengajar menulis. Strategi ini menuntun siswa untuk lebih mudah memahami teks atau bacaan dan menulis kesimpulan dari bacaan tersebut dengan menemukan key point dalam teks. Menerapkan strategi Magnet Summaries Strategy akan membantu meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis. Disamping itu strategi Magnet Summaries ini juga mudah dimengerti oleh siswa. Exit Slip Strategy adalah salah satu dari berbagai strategi dalam pengajaran menulis, menuntun siswa untuk fokus dalam pembelajaran, karna diakhir proses pembelajaran siswa akan membuat kesimpulan pembelajara dalam selembar kertas sebagai tiket untuk keluar kelas atau pulang. Key Words :Writing, Magnet Summaries, Exit Slip *) Penulis **) Pembimbing 0
Introduction Writing is one of four skills in learning English and as one of important communication activity. Through writing people can express and explain their ideas, to tell their experiences and also to write the essay. Teaching writing is an activity that the teacher helps the students how to convey their ideas in writing. The teacher does not only teach about the way to arrange some sentences into a good writing but also teach how to create a meaningful writing. The purpose of teaching writing is the high school students in Indonesia are demanded to be able to express meaning of functional text, such as: Recount text, Descriptive text, procedure text, etc. The students should understand how to create the kind of text, generic structure of the text, and purpose of the text. Some interesting strategies that can be used by the teacher in teaching writing, in this paper the writer choose the strategy can be used by the teacher in teaching process. The strategies are Magnet Summaries Strategy combinining with Exit Slip Strategy. Magnet Summaries Strategy is strategy that can help the students writes a summary base on key words that their get from the text. Exit Slip Strategy is a strategy quick way to receive comment and respond about the lesson in writing activity. The combination both of this strategy will help the students to find the key words of the text. After that, the teacher can evaluate the students ability and respond about the lesson in writing activity. This strategy will be affective for the students and for the teacher. For the students, they can easier to identify the key word of the text and make the summary of the text. For the teacher, he / she can be easy to identify the students ability, knowledge and evaluate them in writing. Writing Human as the social creature needs to communication in life. Some way to communication in the life, such as direct communication and indirect communication. Direct communication is the communication between the people without the medium. Indirect communication is the communication used the medium to deliver the information. One of the indirect communications is writing. Writing is the medium to share the ideas, information s and experiences from the writer to reader. Based on writing the people more easy to communication, share their ideas and giving the information. Magnet Summaries Strategy Magnet summaries strategy have several definition. According to Buehl (1993) magnet summaries strategy is a strategy that helps students rise above the details and construct meaningful summaries in their own words. Magnet summaries involve the identification of key terms or concepts magnet words from a reading. It means that, magnet summaries strategy is the way to get the key point of the text or reading and arrange it into topic base on own words. Meanwhile, urquhart, Vicki and Monette Mclver (2005) states that, magnet summaries is a reading and writing strategy that helps students condence their reading about specific topics to several key words or phrases and then combine the words or phrases into a sentences or two that incorporetes all of the relevant information. In other hand, this strategy help the students to find the key word in the reading, and combine the key word to make sentences. Furthermore, Buehl (2001) explains that magnet summaries are another good way to teach summarization. Again, students look for the most important information in readings, eliminated unimportant information, and then write summary sentences. This strategy help the students to analyze the important information of the text to create 1
in the sentences and develop it in own word. Based on some definitions of Magnet Summaries Strategy above. The writer concludes Magnet summaries Strategy is the strategy that helps students to find the key point or key word in the text and arrange into sentences. The key word of the reading can helps to easier in make summary of reading the text. In summary writing, the students first read and comprehend, than restate what they have read in their own words. Exit Slip Strategy Many experts explain about exit slip strategy. Brunner (2012) adds that exit slips strategy is to help students organize their thoughts prior and coming to class or as they are preparing to leave. Exit slips are effective used before break time or last time of the lesson. The student must study hard to understand the lesson and make exit slips in other to they can go out the class in break time or quickly go home when the teacher teach in the last time. This strategy can support the students to more spirit and motivate in teaching learning. Then, Kruse (2012) also adds that exit slips strategy sometimes called ticket out the door exit slips are short written or diagrammatic responses to question posed at the end of a lesson. They are written on a sticky note, small index card or half sheet of paper, and handed to the teacher as students leave the room. Depending on the type of question asked, the teacher can get a very quick understanding of the material covered or of students questions or feeling about the topic. They can then use this information to plan the focus of the next lesson. Marzano (2009) states that a simple but effective self-reflection strategy is the closure activity called an exit slips. At the end of a lesson or a class period, students are asked to respond to a specific reflective question that the teacher feels is particularly relevant to that lesson. As their implies exit slips are required for student to leave the class. The students can make question or summary in a piece of paper, and after that they can go out of the class. Based on the experts explanation above, the writer can conclude that exit slips strategy is a strategy that can be used by teacher to check students understanding about the material. Student can write on a piece of paper about the summary or some lesson that they not understand. Exit slips can be alternative strategy before break time or the on of lesson. It is called tickets out the door. If they not make it, student can not go out of the class. So, student can more active in the class in other to they can make exit slips and go out the class. Combining of Magnet Summaries Strategy and Exit Slip Strategy The writer choose this strategy for combine because both strategies can complete each other, Magnet Summaries Strategy is the way to find the key word of the reading or text and arrange it into a summary, but in exit Slip Strategy is the good strategy useful in the end of lesson to make the students more attantion for any material, because at the and the learning will be ask to make conclussion of material as a ticket go out the class. There are some steps of combining Magnet Summaries Strategy and Exit Slip Strategy in teaching writing: First, explain about Magnet Summaries Strategy. (Magnet Summaries Strategy, Urquhart, Vicki and monette Mclver 2005) Teacher explain how to find the key word or magnet by giving a text. Second, lead the students to find the key word or magnet that is important to the topic of the text personaly or a partner.(magnet Summaries Strategy, Urquhart, Vicki and monette Mclver 2005). Third, students find the detail of the text that are connect to the magnet word. (Magnet Summaries Strategy, Urquhart, Vicki and monette Mclver 2005). Fourth, Distribute the index 2
card to students, asks them to write the key word in the index card. (Magnet Summaries Strategy, Urquhart, Vicki and monette Mclver 2005). Fifth, Recording the key word or magnet word, students develop it into short summary that logical order and related to the topic of the text. (Magnet Summaries Strategy, Urquhart, Vicki and monette Mclver 2005). Sixth, Remind students to edit the summary to make good writing, relate to variable of writing, such as: grammar, vocabulary, punctuation and spelling. (Magnet Summaries Strategy, Urquhart, Vicki and monette Mclver 2005). Seventh, Evaluate the students summary by collect their index card. (Magnet Summaries Strategy, Urquhart, Vicki and monette Mclver 2005). After evaluate the summary, in the post teaching students make conclusion or what they learned today and one question you have about the material on the back in a piece of paper or a card (exit slip). (Exit Slip Strategy, Buehl 2009) Example of the card : Next Student write the answers of the question on the card, if they are do not know the lesson today, they only write what they are get. Fot example: I don t know about.. (Exit Slip Strategy, Buehl 2009). Then, Write something in particular about today writing and learn think might be confusing to a lot of people (even your self) and comment on what might make confusing. (Exit Slip Strategy, Buehl 2009). Finally discuss with teacher and others student until end the lesson time. Exit slip is a ticket to out door. If student not make exit slip they can t leave the room. (Exit Slip Strategy, Buehl 2009) Magnet Summaries Strategy is the strategy used whilst-teaching activity. Students should find the key word of the text as magnet that can help them to arrange summary. Making the summary by logical order relate to the topic. Exit Slip used in post-teaching activities, it can complete the lesson because this strategy asks the student to make question or conclusion about the topic in a piece of paper or slip. Before they write their conclusion in exit slips the students can t go out of the class, because it is a ticket to the door. Finally, the students can conclude the lesson and they can more understand about it. Procedure of Teaching Pre- teaching Activities (15 minutes) First, the teacher greets the students by saying good morning, good afternoon, and good day and so on. Then, the teacher checks the student s attendance list and the teacher asks the students about material before. Whilst- teaching Activities (60 minutes) Exploration The teacher shows the pictures and asks the students to guess of material today. ( Brainstorming the students about material today) After that, the teacher asks the students steps how to make a glass of milk. Then, the teacher explains about Magnet Summaries, how to find the key word or magnet of the text. (Magnet Summaries Strategy from Urquhart, Vicki and Monnette Mclver 2005) 3
Elaboration The teacher lead the students to find the key words of the Procedure text by using magnet summaries strategy. (Magnet Summaries Strategy from Urquhart, Vicki and Monette Mclver) Then, the teacher distribute the index card to the students. The teacher ask them to write the key word in the index card. (Magnet Summaries Strategy from Urquhart, Vicki and Monette Mclver 2005) After that, the teacher asks students to write the key word and arrange it into sentences or summary that logical and related to the topic of the text. ( Magnet Summaries Strategy from Urquhart, Vicki and Monette Mclver 2005) And then, the teacher asks the students to edit their summary about grammar, vocabulary, punctuation and spelling. (Magnet Summaries Strategy from Urquhart, Vicki and Monette Mclver 2005) Confirmation The teacher asks the students to collect their summary. (Magnet Summaries Strategy from Urquhart, Vicki and Monette Mclver 2005) Next, the teacher and students evaluate and discussion about their summary. (Magnet Summaries Strategy from Urquhart, Vicki and Monette Mclver 2005) Then, the teacher lead the students to make conclusion of material today. Post- teaching Activities (15 minutes) The teacher asks students to make exit slip in a piece of paper. (Exit Slip Strategy from Buehl 2009) After that,the teacher asks students to share one thing they learned in the class about the topic today. (Exit Slip Strategy from Buehl 2009) Then, the teacher also asks the students to write something if they do not understand about the topic. (Exit Slip Strategy from Buehl 2009) Finally, the teacher and students discuss about the students answer. The students that have correct answer can go out door. If the students not make their slip, they can t leave the classroom. (Exit Slip Strategy from Buehl 2009) Conclusion Writing is a way to express idea, feeling, thoughts and information. The writer can express and deliver their ideas, mind, taught and ask something to order trough writing. By writing, we can learn through imitation and exploration of different kinds of model and make increase the writer intelligence. The writer can write a short story, essay, and journal. There are many interesting strategies that can be used by teacher in teaching writing. In this point the writer focuses on combining of teaching strategies to teach writing at school. The strategies are combining Magnet Summaries Strategy with Exit Slip Strategy. These strategies help students to get information from the text. Suggestions Teaching writing is not as easy as teaching other language skills. The teacher has to consider about some factors. Through this paper, the writer can suggest to the English teacher of senior high school students. The teacher has to make sure how to apply these strategies. The teacher also should give correct explanation about the strategy before going to the point of activities. In implementing these strategies, teacher should be creative during the lesson in other to students can more interest. Teacher can motivate the student in teaching English because some students thought English is a hard lesson and make them bored. Finally, in applying these strategies teacher can make the students enjoy in learning of writing. 4
References Brunner, J. T. 2012. Now I get it! Differentiate, Engage and Read for Deeper Meaning. USA : Library of Congress Cataloging- In- Publication Data. Buehl, D. 1993. Classroom Strategy for Interactive Learning. Madison: Wisconsin State Reading Association. Buehl, D. 2009. Classroom Strategies for Interactive Learning. The International Reading Association, Inc. Kruse, D. 2012. Assessment Strategies for The Inquiry Classroom. Australia : Education Services Australia, Ltd. Mahurt. 2005. Reading to Learn in Secondary Classrooms: Increasing Comprehension and Understanding. The united State of America: Acid- Free Paper. Urquhart, Vicki and Monette Mclver. 2005. Teaching Writing in the Conttent Areas. USA : ASCD. 5