New Language Learning and Teaching Environments Series edited by Hayo Reinders Titles include: Tasha Bleistein and Marilyn Lewis ONE-ON-ONE LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNING Theory and Practice Pornapit Darasawang and Hayo Reinders (editors) INNOVATION IN LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING The Case of Thailand Regine Hampel and Ursula Stickler (editors) DEVELOPING ONLINE LANGUAGE TEACHING Research-Based Pedagogies and Reflective Practices Marie-Noëlle Lamy and Katerina Zourou (editors) SOCIAL NETWORKING FOR LANGUAGE EDUCATION Mark Pegrum MOBILE LEARNING Hayo Reinders (editor) DIGITAL GAMES IN LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING Geoffrey Sockett THE ONLINE INFORMAL LEARNING OF ENGLISH Shona Whyte IMPLEMENTING AND RESEARCHING TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION IN LANGUAGE TEACHING The Case of Interactive Whiteboards for EFL in French Schools Bin Zou, Michael Hoey and Simon Smith (editors) CORPUS LINGUISTICS IN CHINESE CONTEXTS New Language Learning and Teaching Environments Series Standing Order ISBN 978 0230 28249 0 hardback 978 0230 28250 6 paperback (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBN quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England
Also by Hayo Reinders TBLT IN ASIA Challenges, Opportunities and Future Directions (Co-edited) NEW WAYS IN TEACHING ADULTS (Co-edited) FACILITATING WORKSHOPS A resource for Teachers and Trainers (Co-authored) CONTEMPORARY COMPUTER-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING (Co-edited) DIGITAL GAMES IN LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING (Edited) KEY CONCEPTS IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION (Co-authored) BEYOND THE LANGUAGE CLASSROOM (Co-edited) TASK-BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING AND TECHNOLOGY (Co-edited) GOOD TEACHER, BETTER TEACHER Strategies for the Multicultural Classroom (Co-authored) THE EFFECTS OF TASK TYPE AND INSTRUCTIONS ON SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT KNOWLEDGE IN A SECOND LANGUAGE (Co-authored) THE INTERNATIONAL STUDENT HANDBOOK (Co-authored) LEARNER AND TEACHER AUTONOMY Concepts, Realities, and Responses (Co-edited) INDEPENDENT LEARNING CENTRES Tips for Teachers (Co-authored) USING STUDENT-CENTERED METHODS WITH TEACHER-CENTERED STUDENTS 2nd Edition (Co-authored) TRANSFORM YOUR TEACHING Strategies for the Multicultural Classroom (Co-authored) INDEPENDENT LEARNING Issues and Interventions (Co-edited) LEARNER STRATEGIES: A GUIDE FOR TEACHERS (Co-authored) STUDY SKILLS FOR SPEAKERS OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (Co-authored)
Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching The Case of Thailand Edited by Pornapit Darasawang King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand and Hayo Reinders Unitec Institute of Technology, New Zealand
Selection and editorial content Pornapit Darasawang and Hayo Reinders 2015 Individual chapters Respective authors 2015 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6 10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-68646-9 ISBN 978-1-137-44975-7 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-137-44975-7 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Darasawang, Pornapit, 1960 author. Innovation in language learning and teaching : the case of Thailand / Pornapit Darasawang, King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand and Hayo Reinders, Unitec Institute of Technology, New Zealand. pages cm. (New Language Learning and Teaching Environments) 1. Language and languages Study and teaching Thailand. 2. Language and languages Study and teaching Technological innovations. 3. Language teachers Training of Thailand. 4. Interdisciplinary approach in education Thailand. 5. Education, Bilingual Thailand. 6. Thailand Languages. I. Reinders, Hayo, author. II. Title. P57.T5D37 2015 428.0071'0593 dc23 2015002987 Typeset by MPS Limited, Chennai, India.
To my family for their love, support and encouragement Pornapit Darasawang In loving memory of Agnes Theresia Reinders-van Wolde Hayo Reinders
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Contents List of Figures and Tables Notes on Contributors ix xi 1 Innovation in Language Teaching: The Thai Context 1 Pornapit Darasawang, Hayo Reinders and Alan Waters 2 National-Level Educational Innovations in Thailand 15 Richard Watson Todd 3 Innovation in Teacher Education in Thailand: The KMUTT MA Programme 29 Alan Waters 4 Flying Free: Unfettering the Spirit of Innovation in Doctoral Level Language Education Programmes 43 Pannathon Sangarun and Andrew Lian 5 The Implementation of an Online Collaborative Project: Lessons Learned from Failure 63 Sonthida Keyuravong 6 Roles of Self-Access Centres in the Success of Language Learning 76 Chada Kongchan and Pornapit Darasawang 7 Teachers Beliefs about Task-Based Language Teaching for Science and Engineering Students 89 Wareesiri Singhasiri and Kitcha Thepsiri 8 E-time: A Pilot Study of Blended Learning in Corporate Language Training 109 Troy Billsborrow and Stephen Louw 9 Implementing Outcome-Based Assessment: Lessons Learned from an English for Pharmacy Course 126 Jirada Wudthayagorn 10 Implementing Play-Based Language Learning with Children: From Potential to Practice 141 Rin Cheep-Aranai, Hayo Reinders and Punchalee Wasanasomsithi vii
viii Contents 11 Innovation in Language Teaching: Lessons Learned 160 Richard Watson Todd, Pornapit Darasawang and Hayo Reinders Index 169
List of Figures and Tables Figures 8.1 Learner usage statistics: time 120 8.2 Learner usage statistics: progress 120 8.3 Learner usage statistics: score 121 8.4 Usage statistics for learner d 121 Tables 2.1 International rankings of Thai education 19 4.1 Course enjoyment 53 4.2 Pre-course self-perception of innovativeness 54 4.3 Post-course self-perception of innovativeness 55 4.4 Post-course perception of the understanding of the concept of innovation 56 4.5 Post-course perception of risk-taking potential 57 7.1 Details regarding the real world tasks 97 7.2 Ten characteristics of a real world task 100 8.1 Course outline for the blended learning programme 113 9.1 Four units and four learning outcomes 131 9.2 Scoring rubrics for the pharmacist-patient communication role play 132 9.3 Scoring rubrics for discussion of pharmaceutical issues based on group performance 134 9.4 Scoring rubrics for discussion of pharmaceutical issues based on individual performance 134 9.5 Scoring rubrics for oral presentation based on content 135 9.6 Scoring rubrics for oral presentation based on language and non-verbal communication 136 10.1 Chapters and themes of the play-based course 146 ix
x List of Figures and Tables 10.2 Types of play organised by National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (2009) 148 10.3 An example of the timetable for a one-week play-based instruction 149
Notes on Contributors Troy Billsborrow is a teacher trainer for the Chichester College TESOL programme in Bangkok, a language specialist for the Royal Thai Army and an advocate of action research in ELT. He has taught English in several South-East Asian countries over the last 15 years. His research interests include classroom communication, reflection as a tool for teacher development and student motivation. Rin Cheep-Aranai is English Lecturer in the Foreign Language Teaching Section at the Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Faculty of Education, Silpakorn University, Thailand. Her main fields of interest include second language acquisition, English for business, young language learners and learner autonomy. Her recent publications are on extensive reading, business English, digital storytelling and primary English. Currently, she is a doctoral candidate in English as an International Language at Chulalongkorn University. She was also recently awarded the 2015 Junior Research Scholarship Program by Fulbright Thailand. Pornapit Darasawang is Associate Professor and Dean of the School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) in Thailand and the Director of Studies of the PhD programme in Applied Linguistics at KMUTT. She obtained her PhD in TESOL from the University of Edinburgh. She has been involved in teacher training and has given lectures and workshops in the areas of self access learning and qualitative research. Her areas of interest are learner autonomy, learner training and motivation in language learning. She has published widely in journals and books in these areas. Sonthida Keyuravong teaches at the Department of Language Studies, King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi. Her main interests lie in technology and self-access learning. She is involved with many government and non-government ELT developmental projects for Thailand and coordinates an iearn international network for online collaborating projects for schools worldwide. Chada Kongchan is Assistant Professor at the Department of Language Studies, School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi. She was Head of the Self-Access Learning Centre at the xi
xii Notes on Contributors university during 2002 2011. Her research interests are self-access learning, and technology in language learning and teaching. Andrew Lian holds professorial appointments at Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand, and Ho Chi Minh City Open University, Vietnam. He is also Professor Emeritus at the University of Canberra, Australia. He is the current President of the Asia Association of Computer-Assisted Language-Learning. Andrew Lian specialises in postmodern approaches to learning and teaching (languages). He is a pioneer of Technology-Enhanced Language-Learning in Australia and a member of the advisory or editorial boards of eight international peerreviewed journals. Stephen Louw is the lead trainer for the Chichester College TESOL programme in Bangkok and a doctoral candidate at King Mongkut s University of Technology, Thonburi in Thailand. He has worked in ELT for over 20 years in Africa and Asia, and is currently focusing on issues in pre-service teacher training in Thailand. Hayo Reinders is Professor of Education and Head of Department at Unitec in New Zealand and TESOL Professor and Dean of the Graduate School at Anaheim University in the USA. He is also Editor-in-Chief of the journal Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching. Hayo s interests are in technology in education, learner autonomy and out-of-class learning and his most recent books are on teacher autonomy, teaching methodologies and second language acquisition. He edits the book series New Language Learning and Teaching Environments for Palgrave Macmillan. Pannathon Sangarun is an associate professor at the School of Foreign Languages, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand where she is the Coordinator for graduate courses in Technology-Enhanced Language-Learning. She currently supervises several doctoral students. She is a member of the editorial board of the AsiaCALL OnLine Journal. Her research interests are in language-teaching methodology, with a specific focus on task-based learning, and technology enhanced language learning. She holds a PhD from the University of Toronto, Canada. Wareesiri Singhasiri is Assistant Professor in the Department of Language Studies, School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi. She has a PhD from the University of Essex. Her interests are learning strategies, learning styles and research methodology.
Notes on Contributors xiii Kitcha Thepsiri is a lecturer at the Department of Language Studies, School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT). He has his MA in Applied Linguistics in EST from KMUTT. He also holds his MEd in TESOL and a PhD in Educational and Applied Linguistics from Newcastle University, England. His interests include task-based and project-based learning. Richard Watson Todd is Associate Professor in the Department of Language at King Mongkut s University of Technology Thonburi. He has a PhD from the University of Liverpool and is the author of numerous articles and several books, including Classroom Teaching Strategies and Much Ado about English. Punchalee Wasanasomsithi holds an MA in Applied Linguistics and a doctorate in Language Education from Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA. She is currently an associate professor at Chulalongkorn University Language Institute in Bangkok, Thailand, where she has been teaching English to undergraduate and graduate students for more than 20 years. She is also the Director of English as an International Language Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, where she teaches and supervises MA and doctoral students. Her research interests includes ESP, language learning strategies and learner autonomy. Alan Waters was Senior Lecturer in the Department of Linguistics and English Language at Lancaster University, UK, until his recent retirement. He has published a number of books and articles on a variety of aspects of ELT. His main research interests are in the areas of teacher development and managing innovation in English language education. Jirada Wudthayagorn earned her PhD in Applied Linguistics, concentrating on Foreign Language Education, from University of Pittsburgh. Her research interests include language assessment, language policy and sociolinguistics. She is an instructor of English at Chulalongkorn University Language Institute.