LESSON 7 TEACHER S GUIDE Now Showing in Your Living Room by Lisa Cocca Fountas-Pinnell Level P Informational Text Selection Summary This selection spans the history of television in the United States, from its beginnings in 1925 through the Golden Age of Television, the invention and spread of color TV sets and programming, and today s satellite transmissions and proliferation of large-screen TVs. Number of Words: 885 Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational text Text Structure Five sections, with informative titles Each section presents a different period in the history of television in the United States Sections presented in chronological order Content Facts about invention of television and color television Facts about television signal transmission Popular TV programs of the 1950s Themes and Ideas Television sets and signal transmission continue to improve. Television is an important part of American life. Television viewing has good points and bad points. Language and Informal language Literary Features A mix of direct exposition and remarks directed at reader Sentence Complexity A mix of simple, compound, and complex sentences Parentheses; italics for names of television shows Items in a series Vocabulary Words and phrases associated with television: picture tube, remotes, commercials, teleplays, plasma screen Words Multisyllable words, such as television, inventors, affordable, satellites Illustrations Historic photographs with captions, timeline Book and Print Features Twelve pages of text, most with illustrations 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-30517-2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. 4_305172_BL_LRTG_L07_NowShowing.indd 1 11/4/09 11:18:25 PM
Now Showing in Your Living Room by Lisa Cocca Build Background Help students use their knowledge of television history to visualize the selection. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: What do you know about the history of television? What would you like to find out about television that you don t know? Read the title and author and talk about the cover photograph. Tell students that this is an informational text. Ask them what kinds of features they can expect to find in this type of text. Introduce the Text Guide students through the text, noting important ideas and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 2: Have students read the table of contents. What kind of information do you predict will be in the book? Pages 3 4: Call attention to the photographs and captions. Suggested Language: Imagine how thrilling it must have been for people visiting the World s Fair in 1939 to watch television for the fi rst time. Imagine the amount of interest the introduction of television generated at that World s Fair. Page 7: Ask students to read the heading and speculate on what it means. Ask: Do you think that the golden age of something is its beginning, its end, or somewhere in-between? Pages 10 12: Have students preview these sections by reading the headings and captions and studying the photographs: Ask: What do you think these two sections are about? Page 13: Make sure students understand that the timeline marks important milestones in television history. Now go back to the beginning and read to fi nd out about the fascinating history of television. Target Vocabulary advertise to inform the public about products, p. 8 angles points of view or ways of seeing things critics people who judge artistic creations entertaining when something is funny or enjoyable, p. 8 focus to pay attention to something generated created or produced something, p. 5 jolts sudden bursts of energy or excitement promote to try to make something popular, p. 11 target a goal or aim thrilling something that is exciting, p. 4 2 Lesson 7: Now Showing in Your Living Room 4_305172_BL_LRTG_L07_NowShowing.indd 2 12/17/09 11:48:12 AM
Read Have students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed. Remind students to use the Summarize Strategy as they read. Suggest that they pause after each section to summarize what they have just read. Discuss and Revisit the Text Personal Response Invite students to share their personal responses to the selection. Suggested language: What do you think the visitors at the World s Fair in 1939 thought when they saw television for the first time? Do you think the World s Fair helped make television popular? Why or why not? Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, help students understand these points: Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text Television was introduced to the public at the 1939 World s Fair. In 1925 the first television was made in the United States and had a one-inch-wide screen. The first color television programs were broadcast in 1951. Television changed home entertainment. Television enables us to see and better understand what is happening in the world. 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. The photographs show many details about the time period and events. The table of contents, headings, and captions give an overview of the selection. Choices for Further Support Fluency Invite students to participate in choral reading. Remind them to pay attention to punctuation for clues on when to pause or change their pitch, tone, or volume. Comprehension Based on your observations of the students reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas. Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Tell students that the root word of the fi rst part of television is from the Greek root tēle, meaning at a distance. Tell students that other words that use the same root include telegraph, telephone, and telepathy. 3 Lesson 7: Now Showing in Your Living Room 4_305172_BL_LRTG_L07_NowShowing.indd 3 11/4/09 11:18:32 PM
Writing about Reading Have students complete the questions on BLM 7.7. Responding Have students complete the activities at the back of the book, using their Reader s Notebook. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill. Target Comprehension Skill Fact and Opinion Remind students that a fact can be proved. An opinion is what someone thinks or believes is true. Model how to add details to the Graphic Organizer, using a Think Aloud like the one below: Think Aloud Page 3 talks about a football game on television. It says,... you can see every moment, as if you were there. That can t be proved to be true. It is the author s opinion. Add that as an opinion to the chart. The text also says the World s Fair was about just about the only place where you could watch television in 1939. That can be checked and proved. Add that as a fact to the chart. In this way, fact and opinion have been separated. Practice the Skill Encourage students to share examples of another selection that presents facts and opinions. Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the Text Have students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use their personal knowledge to reach new understandings. Assessment Prompts Which words on page 9 help the reader understand what teleplays means? The main purpose of the selection is to. The author organizes the selection by. 4 Lesson 7: Now Showing in Your Living Room 4_305172_BL_LRTG_L07_NowShowing.indd 4 11/4/09 11:18:40 PM
English Language Development Reading Support Pair advanced and intermediate readers to read the selection softly, or have students listen to the audio or online recordings. Remind them that this selection deals with the history of television. Vocabulary Help students use context clues to figure out the meanings of unfamiliar words. On page 4, explain the meaning of the words remotes and static. Oral Language Development Check student comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches your students English proficiency level. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the student. Beginning/Early Intermediate Intermediate Early Advanced/ Advanced Speaker 1: When was the World s Fair in New York City? Speaker 2: in 1939 Speaker 1: Why were more people able to afford television sets? Speaker 2: lower prices Speaker 1: How did television stations get more fans? Speaker 2: by adding new shows Speaker 1: How do television stations earn the money they need to put on television programs? Speaker 2: Television stations earn money by charging companies to advertise in commercials. Speaker 1: Why was there a large growth in the number of people owning television sets in the 1950s? Speaker 2: Television sets were getting cheaper, and more new shows were being broadcast. Speaker 1: In 1969, what historic event were Americans able to watch live on television? Speaker 2: In 1969, Americans were able to watch live on television as Neil Armstrong took the first steps on the moon. Name Date Lesson 7 BLACKLINE MASTER 7.7 Read and answer the questions. Possible responses shown. Now Showing in Your Living Room 1. Think within the text How did television stations attract new fans? Stations created programs that entertained people, such as comedies and dramas. 2. Think within the text List three of the shows that led to people buying their own televisions. Popular shows of the 1950s included I Love Lucy, The Ed Sullivan Show, and Lassie. 3. Think beyond the text Televisions have improved over the years. In your opinion, which change in television broadcasting was the most important? Explain your answer. The change from black-and-white to color was the most important. Color makes the pictures much more realistic. 4. Think about the text Think about the author s purpose. What is the author s opinion about television? Use details from the selection to support your answer. The author believes that television has become an affordable source of entertainment that is so common, some people don t think twice about owning one, watching one, or about the developments that have made it what it is today. Making Connections Imagine you are in the audience viewing the first television broadcast at the 1939 World s Fair. Describe the experience as if you were telling a friend or family member about this exciting new invention. Write your answer in your Reader s Notebook.. All rights reserved. 9, Unit 2: Do You Know What I Mean? 5 Lesson 7: Now Showing in Your Living Room 4_305172_BL_LRTG_L07_NowShowing.indd 5 11/4/09 11:18:56 PM
Name Date Now Showing in Your Living Room Thinking Beyond the Text Think about the questions below. Then write your answer in one or two paragraphs. Remember that when you think beyond the text, you use your personal knowledge to reach new understandings. How has television changed life for American families? Do you think those changes are good or bad? What do you think are the best things about television? What do you think are the worst things about it? Why? 6 Lesson 7: Now Showing in Your Living Room 4_305172_BL_LRTG_L07_NowShowing.indd 6 7/28/09 3:48:41 PM
Name Date Lesson 7 BLACKLINE MASTER 7.7 Read and answer the questions. Now Showing in Your Living Room 1. Think within the text How did television stations attract new fans? 2. Think within the text List three of the shows that led to people buying their own televisions. 3. Think beyond the text Televisions have improved over the years. In your opinion, which change in television broadcasting was the most important? Explain your answer. 4. Think about the text Think about the author s purpose. What is the author s opinion about television? Use details from the selection to support your answer. Making Connections Imagine you are in the audience viewing the first television broadcast at the 1939 World s Fair. Describe the experience as if you were telling a friend or family member about this exciting new invention. Write your answer in your Reader s Notebook. 7 Lesson 7: Now Showing in Your Living Room 4_305172_BL_LRTG_L07_NowShowing.indd 7 7/28/09 3:48:42 PM
Student Date Now Showing in Your Living Room LEVEL P Lesson 7 BLACKLINE MASTER 7.11 Now Showing in Your Living Room Running Record Form page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections 8 As television sets became more affordable, stations began creating entertaining programs to draw new fans. They did this by showing a children s program at eight o clock in the evening. The children were still awake, so the family could watch the show together. Later at night, the programming switched to dramas that adults could enjoy. Television stations earned money by allowing companies to advertise in commercials. 9 The adults stayed awake to watch teleplays created especially for the television audience. Many of these were live shows, and viewers were able to see all of the actors mistakes. Viewers enjoyed watching these dramas. Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/100 100) % Total Self- Corrections Behavior Code Error Read word correctly cat 0 Repeated word, sentence, or phrase Omission cat 0 cat 1 Behavior Code Error Substitution cut cat 1 Self-corrects cut sc cat 0 Insertion the 1 Word told T 1 cat 1413922 8 Lesson 7: Now Showing in Your Living Room 4_305172_BL_LRTG_L07_NowShowing.indd 8 7/28/09 3:48:43 PM