EFFECTIVE CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT UNDER COMPETENCE BASED EDUCATION SCHEME By C.S. MSIRIKALE NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques
Contents Introduction Meaning of Classroom Management Teaching methods under Competency-based system Importance of effective classroom management Designing Classroom Rules and Procedures Tips for an Effective Classroom Management Classroom Management Strategies Dealing with Confrontational Student(s) Conclusions NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 2
Introduction Individual classroom teachers can have a major impact on student learning achievement. Effective teaching and learning cannot take place in poorly managed classrooms. Well managed classrooms provide an environment in which teaching and learning can flourish. An effective approach to classroom management yields the best of student achievement from teaching and learning. This paper attempts to examine the important classroom management techniques that might help a teacher to create a well managed classroom under competence based learning scheme. NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 3
Definition of Classroom Management Is a term used by teachers to describe the process of ensuring that classroom lessons run smoothly despite disruptive behaviour by students. The term also implies the prevention of disruptive behaviour. Classroom management is essentially concerned with how the students interact with the teacher and with others in the classroom for conducive learning environment Skills such as effective classroom management are central to teaching and require common sense, consistency, a sense of fairness and courage to prevent disruptive behaviour to effective learning NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 4
Definition of Competency-based Education and Training System Is a system designed to ensure that upon graduation, the learner possesses the requisite competences that can be applied flexibly in relevant work places Here teaching and learning process is more interactive, inspirational, challenging and motivating the students to actively participate and providing sufficient space for the initiative, creativity and independence A variety of methods used in teaching/facilitating includes, small group work, discussions, simulations, experiments, role plays and other practical activities Also combines traditional methods like lectures and questions and answers NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 5
Why is Effective Classroom Management necessary for all teaching and facilitation? Establishes and sustains an orderly learning environment in the classroom while a lesson is being taught Increases meaningful academic learning enhances student academic skills and competences Facilitates social and emotional growth Decreases negative behaviours and increases time spent academically engaged Focuses on creating a peaceful learning environment Therefore, strategies serve as prevention and intervention methods that promote positive outcomes for students NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 6
Importance of Effective Classroom Management Establishes the environmental context that makes good instruction possible Influences the persistence of new teachers in teaching careers by handling disruptive classroom behaviour Promotes active learning and student involvement Changes student behaviour and ultimately affects student achievement positively NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 7
The dynamics of how a teacher produces student achievement Are based on three components Making wise choices about the most effective instructional strategies to employ Designing classroom curriculum to facilitate student learning Making effective use of classroom management techniques NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 8
Classroom management for Effective Teaching The Meta Analysis Theorists address 4 general components of effective classroom management. Rules and procedures Disciplinary intervention. Teacher student relationships. Mental set. NBAA : Classroom management Techniques 9
Design and implementation of Classroom Rules and Procedures o Classroom rules and procedures are stated expectations regarding behaviour They vary depending on the needs and disposition of the teacher and the students They involve guidelines for how to behave or when to move from the room and if they interrupt the teacher or one another They include efficient procedures and routines for common aspects of classroom life e.g. taking and reporting attendance, participating in discussions, collecting assignments, turning in materials or checking work Should not simply be imposed on students-should involve explanation and group input. NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 10
Typical use of Rules and Procedures General expectation for behaviour- general classroom behaviour- politeness, helpfulness, respect of others and their property, interrupting the teacher or others etc Beginning and ending the class day or the period- with pledge of allegiance Transitions and interruptions- e.g. leaving the room, returning to the room, split lunch period, use of play grounds, doing administrative activities e.g. taking attendance Materials and equipment -eg distributing materials, collecting assignments, use of library etc NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 11
Typical Rules and Procedures contd. Group work- movement in or out of the group, expected behaviour of students in the group, group communication with the teacher, group leadership and individual role in the group etc. Seatwork and teacher led activities student attention during presentations, student participation, talking among students, obtaining help, out of seat behaviour etc NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 12
Managing Inappropriate Behaviour Effective Classroom Managers practice skills that minimize misbehaviour by: Monitoring students carefully and frequently for early detection of misbehaviour-before it involves many students or becomes a serious disruption; Act to stop inappropriate behavior not to interrupt the instructional activity e.g. Moving close to the offending student or students, making eye contact and giving a non-verbal signal to stop the offensive behaviour; NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 13
Managing Inappropriate Behaviour contd. Calling a student name or giving a short verbal instruction to stop behaviour; Redirecting the student to appropriate behaviour by stating what the student should be doing; citing the applicable procedure or rule; For more serious disruptive behaviour e.g. fighting, continuous interruption of lessons, apply Tuition Center/College rules NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 14
Tips for an Effective Classroom Management Take charge of your class-apply a set of learnable skills- create class rules, norms and procedures Focus on disruptive students- show you love them but not their misbehaviour, Let students choose their seats but devise flexible seating arrangements conducive to particular form of learning Encourage student participation in learning- remind them of their true worth, encourage asking and answering questions, and handle disagreement with respect Keep an eye on your students- circulate the room and position yourself properly to see the whole class NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 15
Tips for an Effective Classroom Management contd. Give incentives to do their best on assignmentshold students accountable for their academic work Establish a positive relationship with the class - build trust Engage students in a variety of instructional methodslectures, small group projects, role play, discussions etc Avoid answering too many questions and stalling the lesson Establish appropriate consequences for misbehavingconfront major and smallest misbehaviours NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 16
Classroom Management Strategies Write with large letters on the board- helps avoid excuses for non -participation Speak loudly helps to avoid screamers and whisperers Learn names and use them- helps keep students focused and involved Write your agenda on the board- helps keep students focused on what is taught Do not race through lessons- don t cover too much too fast, ask questions to gauge students understanding Require students to raise their hands- allows calling different students NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 17
Classroom Management Strategies Contd. Give students enough time to raise their hands- allows time to listen, think about and formulate answers for a question posed; Ask obvious questions- ask questions at all levels of Bloom s Taxonomy- i.e. cognitive and affective,helps get more students involved, provides quick feedback on what the students are learning Handle wrong answers positively- try and point out something positive and turn their answers into a learning opportunity Don t take misbehaviour personally- learn how to redirect misbehaviour while not taking it to heart. NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 18
How to Deal with Confrontational Student(s) in your Classroom Do not lose temper remain calm or else you lower yourself to the student s level Do not raise your voice- to avoid escalating the situation, talk quieter as student gets louder Do not get other students involved they could take side Call the office if you require help or an office escort Use referrals if necessary- as a last resort for students who cannot be managed Talk with the student at a later time- privately speak to the student after the situation has been resolved Do not goad a student- do not show dislike of the student NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 19
Concluding Remarks Classroom management entails techniques teachers use to maintain control in the classroom. Solving behavioral and other disruptive problems facilitates effective teaching and learning environment. The key to effective classroom management is consistency, fairness, and having systems in place that actually work. For the students, lack of effective classroom management means that learning achievement is reduced in the classroom and students are robbed of precious in-class time. NBAA: Classroom Management Techniques 20
Conclusion Workshop participants, you are requested to receive, discuss and note the basics of Effective Classroom Management Techniques under Competence-based Examination Scheme for effective learning and teaching of NBAA programmes. Various principles, strategies, rules and tips have been examined. Thanks for your attention. NBAA : Classroom Management Techniques 21