California Standards for English Learners 55
ELD EL Standards Map Grades 6-8: Reading Fluency & Systematic Vocabulary Development 1 Use Vocabulary for Communication Produce simple vocabulary (single words or short phrases) to communicate basic needs in social and academic settings (e.g., locations, greetings, classroom objects). Respond with appropriate short phrases or sentences in various social and academic settings (e.g., answer simple questions). Retell stories by using phrases and sentences. 2 ES Use Social and cademic Vocabulary Use knowledge of literature and content areas to understand unknown words. (ES*) Use decoding skills and knowledge of both academic and social vocabulary to read independently. (ES*) Use decoding skills and knowledge of academic and social vocabulary to achieve independent reading. (ES*) pply knowledge of academic and social vocabulary to achieve independent reading. 1.3 Recognize the origins and meanings of frequently used foreign words in English and use the words accurately in speaking and writing. (ES) 1.2 Use knowledge of Greek, Latin, and nglo-saxon roots and affixes to understand content-area vocabulary. 1.2 Understand the most important points in the history of English language and use common word origins to determine the historical influences on English word meanings. 3 ES Decode New Words Read aloud simple words presented in literature and subject matter tests; demonstrate comprehension by using one to two words or simple-sentence responses. Read simple paragraphs and passages independently. Use knowledge of English morphemes, phonics, and syntax to decode texts. (ES*) Use knowledge of English morphemes, phonics, and syntax to decode and interpret the meaning of unfamiliar words. (ES*) 1.4 Monitor expository text for unknown words or words with novel meaning by using word, sentence, and paragraph clues to determine meaning. (ES*) = eginning = Early dvanced = Early ntermediate = dvanced = ntermediate ES = Essential EL and matching ELD standards (major emphasis in CST and CHSEE) From The Map of Standards for English Learners: ntegrating nstruction and ssessment of English Language Development and English Language rts Standards in California (4th Edition) by John Carr and Rachel Lagunoff. Copyright 2003 WestEd. See http://www.wested.org/cs/wew/view/rs/719. Reprinted by permission of WestEd, San Francisco. 56
ELD EL Standards Map Grades 6-8: Reading Fluency & Systematic Vocabulary Development 4 ES Recognize Words with Multiple Meanings Recognize that some words have multiple meanings. Recognize that some words have multiple meanings and apply this knowledge to read literature and texts in content areas. Recognize that some words have multiple meanings and apply this knowledge consistently in reading literature and texts in content areas. (ES*) 1.5 Understand and explain «shades of meaning» in related words (e.g., softly and quietly). (ES) 1.3 Clarify word meanings through the use of definition, example, restatement, or contrast. 1.3 Use word meanings within the appropriate context and show ability to verify those meanings by definition, restatement, example, comparison, or contrast. 5 ES Use nalogies and Metaphors Recognize simple idioms, analogies, figures of speech (e.g., «to take a fall»), and metaphors in literature and texts in content areas. Recognize idioms, analogies, and metaphors used in literature and texts in content areas. Use common idioms and some analogies (e.g., «shine like a star,» «let the cat out of the bag») and metaphors. 1.2 dentify and interpret figurative language and words with multiple meanings. (ES) 1.1 dentify idioms, analogies, metaphors, and similes in prose and poetry. 1.1 nalyze idioms, analogies, metaphors, and similes to infer the literal and figurative meanings of phrases. 6 Use a Dictionary Create a simple dictionary of words frequently used by the student. Use a standard dictionary to find the meaning of known vocabulary. Use a standard dictionary to determine meanings of unknown words. Use a standard dictionary to determine the meaning of unknown words (e.g., idioms and words with multiple meanings). Use a standard dictionary to determine the meaning of unknown words. = eginning = Early dvanced = Early ntermediate = dvanced = ntermediate ES = Essential EL and matching ELD standards (major emphasis in CST and CHSEE) 57
ELD EL Standards Map Grades 6-8: Reading Fluency & Systematic Vocabulary Development 7 Read loud Read aloud with appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression one s own writing of narrative and expository text. Demonstrate internalization of English grammar, usage, and word choice by recognizing and correcting some errors when speaking or reading aloud. Demonstrate internalization of English grammar, usage, and word choice by recognizing and correcting errors when speaking or reading aloud. Read grade-appropriate narrative and expository text aloud with appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression. (addition by WestEd) Read aloud with appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression increasingly complex narrative and expository texts. 1.1 Read aloud narrative and expository text fluently and accurately and with appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression. = eginning = Early dvanced = Early ntermediate = dvanced = ntermediate ES = Essential EL and matching ELD standards (major emphasis in CST and CHSEE) 58
ELD EL Standards Map Grades 6 8: Reading Comprehension 1 Follow Directions Understand and follow simple multiple-step oral directions for classroom or work-related activities. dentify and follow some multiple-step directions for using simple mechanical devices and filling out basic forms. Understand and orally explain most multiple-step directions for using a simple mechanical device and filling out simple applications. (ES*) 2.5 Follow multiple-step instructions for preparing applications (e.g., for a public library card, bank savings account, sports club, league membership). 2.5 Understand and explain the use of a simple mechanical device by following technical directions. 2.5 Understand and explain the use of a complex mechanical device by following technical directions. 2 nterpret Text Features Point out text features, such as the title, table of contents, and chapter headings. Recognize categories of common informational materials (e.g., newspaper, brochure). ( ES*) Use pictures, lists, charts, and tables found in informational materials, newspapers, and magazines to identify the factual components of compareand-contrast patterns. Orally identify the factual components of simple informational materials by using key words or phrases. dentify and orally explain categories of familiar informational materials by using simple sentences. dentify and use detailed sentences to explain orally the differences among some categories of informational materials. dentify and explain the differences between various categories of informational materials (e.g., text books, newspapers, instructional materials). dentify and analyze the differences between various categories of informational materials (e.g., textbooks, newspapers, instructional materials). 2.1 dentify the structural features of popular media (e.g., newspapers, magazines, online information) and use the features to obtain information. 2.2 nalyze test that uses the compare-and-contrast organizational pattern. 2.1 Understand and analyze the differences in structure and purpose between various categories of informational materials (e.g., textbooks, newspapers, instructional materials, signs). 2.2 Locate information using a variety of consumer, workplace, and public documents. 2.1 Compare and contrast the features and elements of consumer materials to gain meaning from documents (e.g., warranties, contracts, product information, instruction materials). 2.2 nalyze text that uses the proposition-and-support patterns. = eginning = Early dvanced = Early ntermediate = dvanced = ntermediate ES = Essential EL and matching ELD standards (major emphasis in CST and CHSEE) 59
ELD EL Standards Map Grades 6 8: Reading Comprehension 3ES Respond to Comprehension Questions Read simple texts and orally reposing to factual comprehension questions by using key words or phrases. Read and orally respond to simple literary texts and texts in content areas by using simple sentences to answer factual questions. Read literature and respond orally to it by answering in detailed sentences factual comprehension questions. 2.4 Clarify an understanding of texts by creating outlines, logical notes, summaries, or reports. 2.4 dentify and trace the development of an author s argument, point of view, or perspective in text. (ES) 2.3 Find similarities and differences between texts in the treatment, scope, or organization of ideas. (ES) 4ES Explain Main deas Orally identify, using key words or phrases, the main ideas and some details of familiar texts. Read text and orally identify the main ideas and details of informational materials, literary text, and text in content areas by using simple sentences. Read text and use detailed sentences to explain orally the main ideas and details of informational text, literary text, and text in content areas. (ES*) dentify and explain the main ideas and critical details of informational materials, literary text, and text in content areas. dentify and explain the main ideas and critical details of informational materials, literary text, and text in content areas. 2.3 Connect and clarify main ideas by identifying their relationships to other sources and related topics. (ES) 2.4 Compare the original text to determine whether the summary accurately captures the main ideas, includes critical details, and conveys the underlying meaning. (ES) 2.6 Use information from a variety of consumer, workplace, and public documents to explain a situation or decision and to solve a problem. = eginning = Early dvanced = Early ntermediate = dvanced = ntermediate ES = Essential EL and matching ELD standards (major emphasis in CST and CHSEE) 60
ELD EL Standards Map Grades 6 8: Reading Comprehension 5ES nalyze nformational Materials Orally identify examples of fact and opinion and cause and effect in simple texts. Read and orally identify examples of fact and opinion and cause and effect in written texts by using simple sentences. Understand and orally identify the features and elements of common consumer (e.g., warranties, contracts, manuals) and informational materials (e.g., magazines and books). nalyze a variety of rhetorical styles found in consumer (e.g., warranties, contracts, manuals) and informational materials (e.g., newspapers, magazines, and textbooks). nalyze a variety of rhetorical styles found in consumer (e.g., warranties, contracts) and informational materials (e.g., newspapers, magazines, signs, textbooks). 2.6 Determine the adequacy and appropriateness of the evidence for an author s conclusions. (ES) 2.7 Make reasonable assertions about a text through accurate, supporting citations. (ES) 2.8 Note instances of unsupported inferences, fallacious reasoning, persuasion, and propaganda in text. 2.3 nalyze text that uses the cause-and-effect organizational pattern. (ES) 2.6 ssess the adequacy, accuracy, and appropriateness of an author s evidence to support claims and assertions, noting instances of bias and stereotyping. (ES) 2.7 Evaluate the unity, coherence, logic, internal consistency, and structural patterns of text. (ES) = eginning = Early dvanced = Early ntermediate = dvanced = ntermediate ES = Essential EL and matching ELD standards (major emphasis in CST and CHSEE) 61