Brief Contents Acknowledgments About This Resource Video Clips by Chapter Video Clips by Grade, Including Demographics Teaching with the Common Core: Lesson Connections xvii xviii xxii xxv xxix Part 1 Getting Started with Differentiation 1 Chapter 1 What Is Differentiation? 3 Chapter 2 Know Your Students 27 Chapter 3 Know Your Standards: The Common Core State Standards for Mathematics 69 Chapter 4 Transform Your Tasks 107 Part 2 Tools for Differentiation 145 Chapter 5 Breaking Down Barriers to Learning 147 Chapter 6 Scaffold Learning 183 Chapter 7 Support Choice 225 Part 3 An Environment for Differentiation 259 Chapter 8 Manage the Classroom 261 Chapter 9 Teach with the Goal of Differentiation: Ten Ways to Sustain Your Efforts 291 vii
Contents Acknowledgments About This Resource Why This Resource? What s New In This Edition? Three Steps to Getting the Most out of This Resource Video Clips by Chapter Video Clips by Grade, Including Demographics Teaching with the Common Core: Lesson Connections xvii xviii xviii xx xxi xxii xxv xxix Part 1 Getting Started with Differentiation 1 Chapter 1 What Is Differentiation? 3 Introduction 4 Video Clip 1.1: What Does Differentiation Look Like? 4 Philosophy of Differentiated Instruction 5 Creating a Differentiation Planning Chart 7 What It Looks Like: Differentiation Within a Lesson 12 Connecting the Chapter to Your Practice 23 Lesson Idea 1.1 Even Steven and Odd Todd 24 Chapter 2 Know Your Students 27 Introduction 28 Questionnaires and Interviews 29 Video Clip 2.1: Interviewing Students During Class 35 ix
Chapter 3 Formative Assessment Strategies 36 Video Clip 2.2: Partners Working on an Open-Ended Task 49 Video Clip 2.3: Using Student Work to Differentiate Instruction 58 Teacher Collaborations 62 Connecting the Chapter to Your Practice 65 Lesson Idea 2.1 Solving Story Problems Involving Addition and Subtraction 66 Know Your Standards: The Common Core State Standards for Mathematics 69 Introduction 71 Video Clip 3.1: Thinking About Differentiation and the Common Core State Standards 71 Think About the Content Standards 72 Think About the Standards for Mathematical Practice 74 Integrate Content and Practices 76 Video Clip 3.2: Fostering the Common Core State Standards for Mathematical Practice 97 Identify Attributes of Tasks That Support the Mathematical Practices 97 Connecting the Chapter to Your Practice 100 Lesson Idea 3.1 Decompose and Compose Groups 101 Lesson Idea 3.2 Represent and Compare Fractions 103 Chapter 4 Transform Your Tasks 107 Introduction 108 Give Students Control Over the Difficulty Level 112 Video Clip 4.1: Giving Students a Choice of Their Challenge 113 x Contents
Open Up Problems 114 Video Clip 4.2: There s Many Solutions! 117 Provide Multiple Models 117 Vary the Challenge 119 Video Clip 4.3: Mystery Puzzles (A Tiered Activity) 134 Extend Your Resources 135 Connecting the Chapter to Your Practice 137 Lesson Idea 4.1 Sum Investigations (A Tiered Activity) 138 Lesson Idea 4.2 General Lesson Plan for a Tiered Activity 141 Lesson Idea 4.3 Mystery Puzzles (A Tiered Activity) 142 Part 2 Tools for Differentiation 145 Chapter 5 Breaking Down Barriers to Learning 147 Introduction 149 Attend to Language 149 Tap Into Multiple Intelligences 158 Video Clip 5.1: Tapping Into Multiple Intelligences: Choose Your Center 167 Engage Multiple Senses 170 Reduce Anxiety 172 Address Learning Challenges 175 Connecting the Chapter to Your Practice 180 Lesson Idea 5.1 Facts I Know!, Making Progress, and Too Hard Right Now 181 Chapter 6 Scaffold Learning 183 Introduction 185 Ask Questions 186 Video Clip 6.1: Asking Questions 186 Adapt Reading Strategies for Math 190 Contents xi
Video Clip 6.2: If It Works in Reading... 191 Have Students Collaborate 193 Video Clip 6.3: Fostering Collaborative Student Partnerships 193 Make Connections 197 Use Graphic Organizers 199 Video Clip 6.4: Using Word Banks 204 Connecting the Chapter to Your Practice 221 Lesson Idea 6.1 What We Know About Fractions 222 Chapter 7 Support Choice 225 Introduction 227 Centers 230 Math Workshops 232 Video Clip 7.1: Focusing on the Goal in a Math Workshop 234 Projects 235 Menus 238 Video Clip 7.2: Working Within a Math Menu: Scoop and Count 241 Think Tac Toe 246 Video Clip 7.3: Think Tac Toe 247 RAFT 248 Learning Stations 249 Keeping Student Interest Alive 257 Connecting the Chapter to Your Practice 258 Part 3 An Environment for Differentiation 259 Chapter 8 Manage the Classroom 261 Introduction 263 Classroom Space 264 Respect for Differences 268 xii Contents
Routines 274 Chapter 9 Video Clip 8.1: A Do-Now Routine 279 The Grouping of Students 279 Video Clip 8.2: A Math Clinic 281 Time with Individual Students 282 Ragged Time and Sponge Activities 285 Whole-Class Work 287 Revisiting Video Clips 4.3, 7.1, and 7.2: Debriefing Differentiated Tasks 289 Connecting the Chapter to Your Practice 290 Teach with the Goal of Differentiation: Ten Ways to Sustain Your Efforts 291 Introduction 293 Suggestion 1: Identify Where You Already Provide Differentiation 293 Suggestion 2: Recognize Where You Are Along the Journey 295 Suggestion 3: Start Small and Build up Your Differentiation Muscles 296 Suggestion 4: Anticipate 298 Suggestion 5: Expect Surprises 300 Suggestion 6: Let Students Help 301 Suggestion 7: Work with Parents 303 Video Clip 9.1: Student and Parent Interviews 303 Suggestion 8: Find Sources of Professional Development 306 Suggestion 9: Reflect on Your Journey 307 Suggestion 10: Keep the Vision 309 Video Clip 9.2: Sustaining Your Differentiation Efforts 310 Connecting the Chapter to Your Practice 310 Reproducibles 311 References 350 Contents xiii