Grammar (English) For All Government Exams (SSC, Banks, UPSC, PCS, Board Exams, B.ED, BTC, TET, LT Grade) INSTRUCTED BY RICHA DUBEY
What is Pronoun? A Pronoun is a word used instead of a Noun. Examples- I am young. We are young. You are young. They are young He (She / It ) is Young. Note- I, We, You, He, She, It, They are called pronouns.
Types of Pronouns Personal Pronouns Demonstrative Pronouns Distributive Pronouns Reflexive Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Interrogative Pronouns Relative Pronouns Indefinite Pronouns Reciprocal Pronouns
Personal Pronoun A personal pronoun refers a specific person or object or group of things directly. Examples- I, We, You, He, She, It, They are called personal pronouns because they stand for 3 Persons. 1 st Person Pronouns I and WE denote the person or persons speaking. 2 nd Person- Pronoun YOU denote the person or persons spoken to. 3 rd Person Pronouns HE/SHE/IT/THEY denote the person or persons spoken of.
Personal Pronoun First Person Types Singular Plural Nominative I, We We Possessive my, mine our, ours Accusative me us Types Nominative Possessive Accusative Singular / Plural You Your, Yours You Second Person Third Person Types Singular Plural Nominative He, She, It They Possessive His, Her, hers, Its Their, Theirs Accusative Him, Her, It Them
Demonstrative Pronouns A demonstrative pronoun is a Pronoun that is used to point to something specific within a sentence. When used to represent a thing or things, demonstrative pronouns can be either near or far in distance or time: Near in time or distance: this, these Far in time or distance: that, those Examples- This was my mother s ring. That looks like the car I used to drive. These are nice shoes, but they look uncomfortable. Those are apples on the plate.
Distributive Pronouns A Distributive Pronoun is a pronoun which refers to persons or things one at a time. Examples- Each of the students gets a prize. Either of you can go. Neither of you can do this task.
Reflexive Pronouns A reflexive pronoun expresses a noun when the subject s action affects (or influences) the subject itself. A reflexive pronoun always acts as an object, not as subject, and it expresses inter influence between a subject and the object Examples:- She was looking to herself in the picture. She locked herself in a room. He prepared himself for the test. They considered themselves the happiest people of the world.
Possessive Pronouns A possessive pronoun describes a close possession to an ownership or relationship to a noun. Examples- This book is yours. This laptop is mine. That car is hers. These houses are ours not theirs. He lost his books. He needs yours. This computer is mine, not yours.
RECIPROCAL PRONOUN A reciprocal pronoun is used when two or more nouns (subjects) are reciprocating to each other or one another in some action. A reciprocal pronoun is used if two or more subjects act in a same manner towards each other or one another. There are two reciprocal pronouns in English language. One another Each other Examples: Two girls pushed each other. Sara and John love each other. The people in the party greeted one another. Two students in exam copied from each other.
RELATIVE PRONOUNS A relative pronoun is a word which is used in relation to a noun and modifies (gives more information about) the same noun. Relative pronouns are those pronouns that join relative clauses and the relative sentences. Examples - which, who, that, whom, whose etc. OR Examples: It is the dog which barks at strangers. The girl who is walking in the garden is very beautiful It is the laptop which I like the more. They were the people who had come out for a strike
Indefinite Pronouns These pronouns stand for some person or thing, but we don't know for exactly whom. When we say, "Somebody stole my watch," we don't know to whom the word somebody refers to. The word somebody is an Indefinite Pronoun. one someone anyone no one everyone each somebody anybody nobody everybody A list of Indefinite Pronouns are... one - One should speak the truth. somebody - Somebody immediately called the doctor. anybody - Anybody can solve this problem. nobody - Nobody was present. many - Many are called, but few are chosen. others - Do good to others. (n)either something anything nothing everything you - You don't take coal to Newcastle, or coconuts to Kerala! they - They say that a poor workman blames his tools.
Interrogative Pronouns These look like Relative Pronouns, but have a different function. We use them for asking questions. There are three of them: Who (with its other forms, whose and whom) who - Who is that man? Whose - Whose is this wallet? Whom - Whom do you seek? Which - Which is your seat? What - What is your name?
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