Diagnosis and Management of Craniopharyngiomas

Diagnosis and Management of Craniopharyngiomas

Andrea Lania Anna Spada Giovanni Lasio Editors Diagnosis and Management of Craniopharyngiomas Key Current Topics

Editors Andrea Lania Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University Rozzano Italy Giovanni Lasio Neurosurgery Department Istituto Clinico Humanitas Rozzano (MI) Italy Anna Spada DISCO Department Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit University of Milan IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Milano Milan Italy ISBN 978-3-319-22296-7 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-22297-4 ISBN 978-3-319-22297-4 (ebook) Library of Congress Control Number: 2016937358 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland

Contents 1 Craniopharyngiomas: Natural History and Clinical Presentation................................................. 1 Niki Karavitaki 2 Craniopharyngioma: Pathological and Molecular Aspects......... 13 Federico Roncaroli and Juan Pedro Martinez-Barbera 3 Neuroradiological Diagnosis of Craniopharyngiomas............. 55 Gennaro D Anna, Marco Grimaldi, and Giuseppe Scotti 4 Transsphenoidal Approaches to Craniopharyngiomas............. 67 Timothy R. Smith, Breno Nery, Wenya Linda Bi, Ian F. Dunn, and Edward R. Laws Jr. 5 Surgical Approach to Craniopharyngiomas: Transcranial Routes......................................... 85 Pietro Mortini, Filippo Gagliardi, Michele Bailo, and Marco Losa 6 Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery for Craniopharyngiomas........ 101 Luca Attuati and Piero Picozzi 7 Endocrine Consequences: Diagnostic Workout and Treatment..... 113 Claudia Giavoli 8 Metabolic Consequences: Obesity and Energy Expenditure, Can They Be Treated?...................................... 129 Valentina Lo Preiato, Valentina Vicennati, Renato Pasquali, and Uberto Pagotto 9 Metabolic Consequences: Electrolyte Disturbances.............. 143 Alessandro Peri v

Contributors Luca Attuati, MD Department of Neurosurgery, Gamma Knife Unit, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy Michele Bailo Department of Neurosurgery, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Wenya Linda Bi Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Gennaro D Anna Department of Radiology, Humanitas Mater Domini, Castellanza, VA, Italy Ian F. Dunn Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Filippo Gagliardi Department of Neurosurgery, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Claudia Giavoli, MD Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS, Milan, Italy Marco Grimaldi Neuroradiology Service, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, MI, Italy Niki Karavitaki, MSc, PhD, FRCP Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK Edward R. Laws Jr., MD Dana-Faber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Marco Losa Department of Neurosurgery, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Juan Pedro Martinez-Barbera Birth Defects Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK vii

viii Contributors Pietro Mortini Department of Neurosurgery and Radiosurgery, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy Department of Neurosurgery, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Breno Nery Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Uberto Pagotto Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, Bologna, Italy Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy Renato Pasquali Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy Alessandro Peri Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, Endocrine Unit, Center for Research, Transfer and High Education on Chronic, Inflammatory, Degenerative and Neoplastic Disorders for the Development of Novel Therapies (DENOThe), University of Florence, Florence, Italy Piero Picozzi, MD Department of Neurosurgery, Gamma Knife Unit, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy Valentina Lo Preiato Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola- Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy Federico Roncaroli Departments of Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, UK Division of Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, The University of Manchester Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK Giuseppe Scotti Neuroradiology Unit, Humanitas Teaching Hospital, Rozzano, Milano, Italy Neuroradiology Service, Humanitas Teaching Hospital, Rozzano, Milano, Italy Timothy R. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Valentina Vicennati Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Centre for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola- Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy