Introduction... page 8 Units 1 Present simple... 12 Adverbs and expressions of frequency 2 Present continuous... 14 Comparison with present simple 3 Stative verbs... 16 With the present simple and present continuous 4 Present perfect simple and present perfect continuous 1... 18 For actions and situations in progress in the present 5 Review of units 1 to 4 Pronunciation: contracted forms... 20 6 Past simple and present perfect simple... 22 Finished actions in the past 7 Present perfect simple and present perfect continuous 2... 24 Recent events, news stories and present/future results of past events, just 8 Past simple, past continuous and past perfect simple... 26 9 Past perfect simple and past perfect continuous... 28 10 Review of units 6 to 9 Pronunciation: had and was... 30 11 Time linkers 1... 32 Sequencing: after, when, as soon as, once, before, until, by the time 12 Time linkers 2... 34 Actions that happen at the same time: when, while and as 13 Past habits: used to and would... 36 14 be used to and get used to... 38 15 Review of units 11 to 14 Pronunciation: used to... 40 16 Questions 1... 42 Review of common question forms 17 Questions 2... 44 Negative questions, indirect ways of asking questions and statements as questions 18 Question tags... 46 19 Short answers and responses... 48 Yes, I am./no, I m not. So do I./Neither do I. Do you?/don t you? 20 Review of units 16 to 19 Pronunciation: intonation in question tags... 50 3
21 Pronouns... page 52 Personal, possessive, reflexive and reciprocal pronouns and one/ones 22 Countability and plural nouns... 54 23 Articles 1... 56 Indefinite and definite articles, zero article, some 24 Articles 2... 58 the or no article 25 Review of units 21 to 24 Pronunciation: vowel sounds... 60 26 some, any, no, none, some-, any-, no-... 62 27 all, every, each, both, either, neither... 64 28 lots, much, many, little, few... 66 lots of, a lot of, how much/many, not much/many, a little/few, too much/many, too little/few 29 enough, plenty of, most, a large number of, a large amount of, a great deal of, several... 68 30 Review of units 26 to 29 Pronunciation: linking... 70 31 Adjectives 1... 72 Position and order of adjectives, the adjective 32 Adjectives 2... 74 -ing and -ed participles as adjectives, adjectives dependent prepositions, adjectives to infinitive 33 Adverbs 1: -ly adverbs... 76 Adverbs of manner, comment adverbs 34 Adverbs 2: adverbs of place and time... 78 Word order 35 Review of units 31 to 34 Pronunciation: syllables in adverbs... 80 36 Adjectives or adverbs?... 82 37 Modifying adjectives and adverbs... 84 Gradable and non-gradable adjectives, adverbs of degree 38 Focus adverbs... 86 alone, only, just, also, as well, too, even 39 so, such... 88 40 Review of units 36 to 39 Pronunciation: stressing words in sentences... 90 4 PG3_00_frontmatter_Withkey.indd 4
41 Comparatives and superlatives 1... page 92 Adjectives and adverbs 42 Comparatives and superlatives 2... 94 more, most, less, least as adverbs 43 Modifying comparatives and superlatives... 96 44 as as...... 98 45 Review of units 41 to 44 Pronunciation: as as weak form... 100 46 Prepositions of time 1... 102 in, on, at 47 Prepositions of time 2... 104 for, in, during, from to, between, by, until, before, after, since 48 Prepositions of place 1... 106 in, on, at 49 Prepositions of place 2... 108 on top of, on, next to, near, by, between, among, opposite, in front of, above, over, below, under 50 Review of units 46 to 49 Pronunciation: linking... 110 51 Prepositions of movement... 112 to, towards, at, in, into, on, onto, out of, out, over, across 52 Verbs and dependent prepositions... 114 53 Phrasal verbs 1... 116 Two-part verbs 54 Phrasal verbs 2... 118 Three-part verbs 55 Review of units 51 to 54 Pronunciation: stress patterns for separable phrasal verbs... 120 56 Future verb forms review... 122 Present simple, present continuous, future simple, going to 57 Future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous... 124 58 Present verb forms in future time clauses... 126 if, when, once, until, as soon as, before, after 59 Future phrases and future in the past... 128 about to, bound to, likely to, unlikely to, was/were going to 60 Review of units 56 to 59 Pronunciation: ll... 130 5 PG3_00_frontmatter_Withkey.indd 5
61 Verb infinitive... page 132 62 Verb -ing or infinitive 1... 134 63 Verb -ing or infinitive 2... 136 remember, forget, go on, mean, regret, stop, try 64 Verb two objects... 138 65 Review of units 61 to 64 Pronunciation: /t@/ and /f@/... 140 66 Ability can, could, be able to, manage to, succeed in... 142 67 Permission, obligation, prohibition and no necessity... 144 can, could, must, need to, have to, had to, let, allow, make 68 Certainty, speculation and deduction... 146 can t, could, may, might, must 69 Requests, suggestions, offers, advice and opinions... 148 can, could, may, would, will, shall, let s, should, ought to, had better, mind 70 Review of units 66 to 69 Pronunciation: weak form of have... 150 71 Reported speech... 152 Tense, say, tell, pronouns, place and time 72 Reported statements... 154 Change or no change to the verb 73 Reported questions, requests, instructions and orders... 156 74 Reporting verbs... 158 Verb patterns 75 Review of units 71 to 74 Pronunciation: contrastive stress... 160 76 The passive 1: tenses and modals... 162 77 The passive 2: the agent, verbs with two objects... 164 by, for, with 78 The passive 3: infinitive, -ing, it is said... 166 79 get, have, need with passive meaning... 168 80 Review of units 76 to 79 Pronunciation: intonation in passive reporting... 170 81 Relative clauses 1... 172 Defining relative clauses, who, which, that 82 Relative clauses 2... 174 Defining and non-defining 6 PG3_00_frontmatter_Withkey.indd 6
83 Formality and prepositions in relative clauses... page 176 whose, when, where, why, who(m) 84 Reduced relative clauses... 178 85 Review of units 81 to 84 Pronunciation: pausing... 180 86 if clauses 1: present verb forms... 182 Real situations in the present and future 87 if clauses 2: past simple... 184 Imaginary situations in the present and future, would, could, might 88 if clauses 3: past perfect Talking about things that did not happen, would have, could have, should have... 186 89 if clauses 4: past simple and past perfect... 188 Mixed time references 90 Review of units 86 to 89 Pronunciation: d, had and would... 190 91 wish / if only... 192 92 Alternatives for if... 194 unless, so/as long as, provided/providing, inversion with were to and had 93 Connectors 1: contrast... 196 although, though, even though, despite, in spite of 94 Connectors 2: reasons and purposes... 198 as, since, because, because of, due to, in order to/that, so as to, so that 95 Review of units 91 to 94 Pronunciation: linking... 200 96 Emphasis 1: do, does, did... 202 97 Emphasis 2: cleft sentences... 204 98 Emphasis 3: negative and limiting adverbials... 206 99 Emphasis 4: so, such, neither, nor... 208 100 Review of units 96 to 99 Pronunciation: emphatic sentence stress... 210 Progress tests... 212 Appendices 1 Punctuation 2 Spelling rules 3 Summary of main verb forms 4 Verbs 5 Common prepositions and their meanings... 232 Answer key (and tapescript)... 246 Index... 277 7 PG3_00_frontmatter_Withkey.indd 7