Course: ENGR 224 Thermodynamics Spring 2016 Credits - 5 Course Description: Introduction to principles of thermodynamics from a predominantly macroscopic point of view. Development of the basic laws of thermodynamics and their application to energy transformation and state changes in engineering problems. Topics include work, heat, energy, entropy, specific heat, open and closed system analysis, and applications to devices and systems. Simple power and refrigeration cycles, including Carnot, Otto, Diesel, Brayton and Rankine are introduced. Extensive use of concepts from Chemistry and Physics. Course Information Location: Brouillet Library/Science Building (LSC) 171 Meeting times: Monday Friday (Daily) 9:00 AM 10:00 AM Course Requirements Prerequisite: MATH 152 Calculus II PHYS 221 Engineering Physics I CHEM 161 General Chemistry with Lab I or instructor permission Instructor: Alan Man Office: College Center (CTR) 290N Email: aman@pierce.ctc.edu Email would be the easiest way to reach me if unable to attend office hours. Office hours: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 2:30PM - 3:30PM 11:00AM 12:00PM 2:30PM - 3:30PM 11:00AM 12:00PM 11:00AM 12:00PM Or by appointment Check LSC 173/174 if you can t find me Open door policy: Stop by if quick question. May be busy. Tutoring: Tutoring Center College Center (CTR) C170 M-TH: 8 AM 7 PM F: 8 AM 2 PM SAT: 10 AM 2 PM Course Website: All pertinent information will be on the Canvas webpage. Powerpoints, homework and supplementary material will be posted. Required Text: Çengel YA, Boles MA. Thermodynamics. 8 th Edition. ISBN-13: 978-0-07-339817-4 Older editions are acceptable for material. Learning Objectives: 1. Determine whether a real system should be modeled as closed or open. 2. Explain basic concepts of thermodynamics such as system, state, state postulate, equilibrium, processes and cycles.
3. Differentiate between intensive and extensive properties. 4. Use thermodynamic charts and tables to find values of intensive properties for systems in specified states. Intensive properties include temperature, pressure, specific volume, internal energy, enthalpy and entropy. 5. Use P-V-T surfaces to visualize a thermodynamic process. 6. Differentiate between forms of energy that cross the system boundary (work, heat and flow energy) versus forms of energy of the system (internal energy, kinetic energy, potential energy). 7. Execute a first law analysis of a closed or open system undergoing a process. 8. Mathematically and conceptually describe adiabatic, isothermal, isobaric, isometric, and isentropic gas law processes including state locations, heat transfers and energy changes. 9. Model open system devices such as nozzles, diffusers, heat exchangers, pumps, compressors, turbines, boilers, and throttling valves. 10. Describe the Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements of the second law of thermodynamics. 11. Analyze simple power and refrigeration cycles including the Carnot, Otto, Diesel, Brayton and Rankine cycles. Expectations: 1. Lectures: Students are expected to attend all classes. In the classroom, lectures will be given on the course material. Background reading in the book should be read before class. Lectures will present fundamental theories and concepts that will be utilized throughout the course. They will provide the basis for future lectures. In lecture, material that will be on the homework and tests will be covered extensively. Examples that are similar to what is seen in homework will be done. Tests will also be given in lecture. 2. Outside of class: Students need to spend time outside of class as well in order to do well in this class. For every 1 hour of class, students should spend on average up to 2 hours outside of class. Before class, students should read the sections that will be covered to familiarize him/herself with the material. 3. Office Hours: If one finds him/herself struggling, PLEASE COME ASK FOR HELP!!! I will hold office hours (see above). Students should come to office hours for help with problems or concepts explained in class. Please come to office hours prepared and at least have attempted the problems. Other resources are available at the tutoring center. 4. Homework and Tests: In all graded work, explain your train of thought by writing clearly, orderly and legibly. All steps needed to solve a problem must be written out. No points will be given for the correct answer but no work. It is also easier to give partial credit if all steps are written even if the final answer is incorrect. 5. Study Groups: Students are encouraged to form study groups and work together on homework problems. However, every student is required to turn in his/her own work. Blatant copying will result in a score 0 for the assignment. Collaborative learning is great for helping students who are struggling with the material. It also helps students who are performing well to better understand the material by having to explain it to another student. The best way to learn something is to teach. Frank Oppenheimer. 6. Late work: All late work without a valid excuse is a 0 on that assignment. Evaluation: 1. Attendance and Participation Students are expected to attend all lectures and participate in exercises. We will go over many of the book examples during the lecture. Problems will be given that are relevant to concepts taught in class that day. This is to ensure class attendance and also promote collaborative learning. Exercises may be turned in. 2. Quizzes Low-stakes quizzes will also be intermittently given. You will get at least 1 weeks notice. 3. Tests Tests will be given every few weeks to assess your progress in the course. They will cover material after the previous test to the test date. 4. Homework Homework will be assigned almost weekly on Friday. Assignments will be due the next Friday at the end of class. More details below. 5. Comprehensive Final
The final will cover the whole quarter with an emphasis on material not tested. The final is scheduled for Friday, June 17 th from 9AM-11AM. Course Grading: Quizzes (3) 15% Tests (3) 45% Homework 15% Final Exam 25% Homework Guidelines: Each student must submit his/her own work. No credit will be given for no work. Not all problems will be graded. 1. Homework must be done on engineering graph paper or white computer paper. No lined paper. a. If using engineering graph paper, only write on one side. Side with lighter lines. 2. Presentation is considered in grading. Space problems out. 3. Include a sketch of problem and follow procedure to solve problem. 4. Circle the final answer. Report to 3 significant digits. Include units. 5. Please staple all sheets together. Quizzes, Tests and Final Guidelines: Just as in homework, all work must be shown for full credit. An equation sheet will be provided. Must bring a scientific calculator and writing utensil. Code of Academic Conduct: The student is in the unique position of being a member of the community at large, having the rights and responsibilities of any citizen, and of being a member of the college community. Admission to Pierce College carries with it the expectation that students shall conduct themselves as responsible members of the Pierce College community; that they shall observe the standards of conduct, respect the rights, privileges and property of other members of the academic community, shall maintain a high standard of integrity and honesty; and shall not interfere with legitimate college business appropriate to the pursuit of academic goals. The student's success is dependent on the district fostering a positive district-wide climate that supports learning, communication, recognition and collaboration among a diverse faculty, staff and student body. As an agency of the state of Washington, Pierce College must respect and adhere to all laws established by local, state and federal authorities. Pierce College also has developed a set of rules and regulations to ensure the orderly conduct of the affairs of the district. These rules and regulations, if violated, may result in student discipline in accordance with the procedures established in the student code of conduct. 1. Academic dishonesty means plagiarism, misrepresentation of self or student work product or representation of work of others as your own, or other acts of academic dishonesty. 2. Cheating includes, but is not limited to: A. Use of any unauthorized assistance in taking quizzes, tests, or examinations; writing papers, preparing reports, solving problems, or carrying out other assignments; or B. The acquisition, without permission, of tests or other academic material belonging to a member of Pierce College faculty or staff; C. Allowing one person to represent another person as the enrolled student in any course; D. Representing oneself as another person in any course. Any work that violates this code of conduct will result in a score of 0 for the assignment. Repeat offenders will be reported to the judicial committee. Please familiarize yourself with Pierce College s Student Rights and Responsibilities and Student Code of Conduct: http://www.pierce.ctc.edu/about/policy/studentrr
Students with Disabilities: Your experience in this class is important to me, and it is the policy and practice of Pierce College to create inclusive and accessible learning environments consistent with federal and state law. If you experience barriers based on disability, please seek a meeting with the Access and Disability Services (ADS) manager to discuss and address them. If you have already established accommodations with the ADS manager, please bring your approved accommodations (green sheet) to me at your earliest convenience so we can discuss your needs in this course. ADS offers resources and coordinates reasonable accommodations for students with disabilities. Reasonable accommodations are established through an interactive process between you and the ADS manager, and I am available to help facilitate them in this class. If you have not yet established services through ADS, but have a temporary or permanent disability that requires accommodations (this can include but not be limited to; mental health, attention-related, learning, vision, hearing, physical or health impacts), you are encouraged to contact ADS at 253-964-6526 (Fort Steilacoom) or 253-840-8335 (Puyallup). Voice: 253-840-8335 TTY: 253-840-8474 Fax: 253-864-3159 PYADS@pierce.ctc.edu Located in A160 Counseling Jennifer Wright, LMHC Rondale West Faculty Counselor Faculty Counselor 253-840-8443 253-912-2312 JWright@pierce.ctc.edu RWest@pierce.ctc.edu Gaspard Building, A106H Located in the Student Success Center M-Th: 8 AM - 5 PM Fri: 8 AM - 3 PM 301A Cascade Welcome Center M-Th: 8 AM - 5 PM Fri: 8 AM - 3 PM http://www.pierce.ctc.edu/dist/counseling/ Class Policies: 1. Re-grades 10 days after graded homework/tests/quizzes are returned, the grade becomes final. Any requests for re-grade must be made within those 10 days. All requests should be given to me. The student needs to write an explanation for every problem describing why he/she should get more points. Keep in mind that anything can be re-graded, so one could lose points. 2. Missed Quizzes, Tests or Extension on Assignment A missed quiz/test/assignment without a valid reason is 0 points. Only reasons involving major medical incidents and grave family emergencies are valid excuses. Students must provide appropriate documentation, i.e. doctor s note, etc. If possible, please notify me in advance of any possible conflicts. 3. Student Activities Students participating in official athletic, musical, theatrical or similar events that will cause them to miss an exam or quiz must contact the instructor in advance. Documentation must be provided that explains absence, i.e. have the coach/instructor contact me directly. VERY Tentative Course Schedule: Lecture Week 1 4/4 Topics Covered M: Introductions, Introduction to class T: Thermodynamics and Energy, Importance of Dimensions and Units, Systems and Control Volumes
2 4/11 3 4/18 4 4/25 5 5/2 6 5/9 o Reading: 1.1-1.3 W: Properties of a System, Density and Specific Gravity, State and Equilibrium o Reading: 1.4-1.6 TR: Processes and Cycles, Temperature and the 0 th Law of Thermodynamics o Reading: 1.7-1.8 F: Pressure, Pressure Measurement Devices o Reading: 1.9-1.10 M: Introduction, Forms of Energy, Energy Transfer by Heat o Reading: 2.1-2.3 T: Energy Transfer by Work, Mechanical Forms of Work o Reading: 2.4-2.5 W: Quiz #1, Energy Transfer by Work, Mechanical Forms of Work o Reading: 2.4-2.5 TR: The First Laws of Thermodynamics, Energy Conversion Efficiencies o Reading: 2.6-2.7 F: Pure Substance, Phases of a Pure Substance, Phase-Change Process of Pure Substances o Reading: 3.1-3.3 M: Property Diagrams for Phase-Change Processes o Reading: 3.4 T: Property Tables o Reading: 3.5 W: Property Tables o Reading: 3.5 TR: The Ideal-Gas Equation of State, Compressibility Factor A Measure of Deviation from Ideal-Gas Behavior o Reading: 3.6-3.7 F: Test #1 M: Other Equations of State o Reading: 3.8 T: Moving Boundary Work o Reading: 4.1 W: Energy Balance for Closed Systems, Specific Heats o Reading: 4.2-4.3 TR: Internal Energy, Enthalpy and Specific Heats of Ideal Gases o Reading: 4.4 F: Internal Energy, Enthalpy and Specific Heats of Solids and Liquids o Reading: 4.5 M: Conservation of Mass o Reading: 5.1 T: Quiz #2 W: Flow Work and the Energy of a Flowing Fluid, Energy Analysis of Steady-Flow Systems o Reading: 5.2-5.3 TR: Some Steady-Flow Engineering Devices o Reading: 5.4 F: No Classes!!! M: Energy Analysis of Unsteady-Flow Processes o Reading: 5.5 T: Introduction to the 2 nd Law, Thermal Energy Reservoirs, Heat Engines o Reading: 6.1-6.3
7 5/16 8 5/23 9 5/30 10 6/6 11 6/13 W: Refrigerators and Heat Pumps o Reading: 6.4 TR: Perpetual-Motion Machines, Reversible and Irreversible Processes o Reading: 6.5-6.6 F: The Carnot Cycle, The Carnot Principles, The Thermodynamic Temperature Cycle o Reading: 6.7-6.9 M: The Carnot Heat Engine, The Carnot Refrigerator and Heat Pump o Reading: 6.10-6.11 T: Entropy, The Increase of Entropy Principle o Reading: 7.1-7.2 W: Entropy Change of Pure Substances, Isentropic Processes o Reading: 7.3-7.4 TR: Property Diagrams Involving Entropy, What is Entropy? o Reading: 7.5-7.6 F: Test #2 o Last Day to Withdraw/Continuous Entry F: The T ds Relations, Entropy change of Liquids and Solids o Reading: 7.7-7.8 T: The Entropy Change of Ideal Gases o Reading: 7.9 W: Reversible Steady-Flow Work, Minimizing the Compressor Work o Reading: 7.10-7.11 TR: Isentropic Efficiencies of Steady-Flow Devices o Reading: 7.12 F: Entropy Balances o Reading: 7.13 M: No Classes!!! T: Basic Considerations in the Analysis of Power Cycles, The Carnot Cycle and its Value in Engineering, Air-Standard Assumptions o Reading: 9.1-9.3 W: An Overview of Reciprocating Engines, Otto Cycle: The Ideal Cycle for Spark-Ignition Engines o Reading: 9.4-9.5 TR: Diesel Cycle: The Ideal Cycle for Compression-Ignition Engines o Reading: 9.6 F: Quiz #3 M: Brayton Cycle: The Ideal Cycle for Gas-Turbine Engines o Reading: 9.8 T: The Carnot Vapor Cycle o Reading: 10.1 W: Rankine Cycle: The Ideal Cycle for Vapor Power Cycles o Reading: 10.2 TR: Deviation of Actual Vapor Power Cycles from Idealized Ones o Reading: 10.3 F: Test #3 M: Combined Gas-Vapor Cycles o Reading: 10.9 T: Combined Gas-Vapor Cycles o Reading: 10.9 W: No classes!!! TR: No Classes!!! F: Final, 9 11 AM