Southeast Asian Journal of Social and Political Issues SPI) EDITORIAL BOARD

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2 Southeast Asian Journal of Social and Political Issues (SEAJ-SPI) SPI) EDITORIAL BOARD Editor in Chief Associate Editors Editor Advisors Members of Editorial Board : Totok Sarsito : Mahendra Wijaya (Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia K. Nadaraja (Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia) : Mohtar Mas oed (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) Mohamed Mustafa Ishak (Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia) Mohammad Mahfud MD (Universitas Islam Indonesia, Indonesia) : Samina Yasmeen (The University of Western Australia, Australia) Chen Yiping (Jinan National University, China) C. Vinodan (Mahatma Gandhi University, India) Omar Farouk Bajunid (Hiroshima City University, Japan) Yusof Talek (Prince of Songkhla University, Thailand) Ramlan Surbakti (Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia) Pawito Andrik Purwasito Prahastiwi Utari (Universias Sebelas Maret, Indonesia) Sudarmo RB Sumanto

3 ISSN: Southeast Asian Journal of Social and Political Issues Volume 1, Number 3, March 2013 The Rise of China and the Maritime Dispute in the South China Sea C. Vinodan Community and Cultural Environment M. Thoha B. Sampurna Jaya The Welfare of the Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) in the Land of a Malay Nation A Socio-Economic Analysis Izza Mahfruhah, Totok Sarsito, and Evi Gravitiani Ruling Ideas and Leadership Styles of Mahathir-Suharto in Developing Their Nations and Creating Mutual Regional Understandings from the Eyes of Lee Kuan Yew Lutfan bin Jaes and Azizi bin Basar Chinese Ethnic Contribution to Indonesian Political Economy (A Comparative Study of the Malaysian Chinese Community) Yanuar Ikbar Adat Law, Local Wisdom, and Regional Autonomy in Indonesia Amri Marzali Labour Force Analysis Asri Laksmi Riani and Muh. Yusuf Ariyadi The Development of Village Autonomy using Decentralization Approach (An Indonesian Perspective) Didik G. Suharto, Widodo Muktiyo, and Pawito Faculty of Social and Political Sciences Universitas Sebelas elas Maret

4 SEAJ-SPI ISSN: Universitas Sebelas Maret All rights reserved No part of this journal may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means, including photocopying and decoding, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Every effort has been made to trace and acknowledge all the copyright owners of the material reprinted herein. However, if any copyright owners have not been located or contacted at the time of publication, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. Subscription Subscription Rate (per publication) Indonesia Overseas Individual IDR USD 75 Institutional IDR USD 100 The subscription rate includes packing, postage, and delivery by surface mail. Check/bank draft should be made payable to the Head of the Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, and sent to Secretariat of the Southeast Asian Journal of Social and Political Issues, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Solo 57126, Indonesia

5 About the Authors: Dr. C. Vinodan is currently Assistant Professor & Chair, Centre for Strategic and Security Studies, School of International Relations and Politics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India. His area of teaching and research includes: International Relations; Security Studies; South and South East Asian Studies; Energy, Environment and Human Security; Local Governance and Public policy; Indian State and Politics; Chinese Studies etc..he obtained his M.A. (II Rank), M.Phil and PhD in Political Science from the University of Kerala. He was awarded the Visiting Scholar Fellowship (2003) by the Claremont Graduate University, California, USA and the US Department of States Fulbright American Studies Institute (FASI) Fellowship in 2000 and subsequently completed a course on Foreign Policy at the University of Delaware, Philadelphia in He had attended numerous courses in International Relations within India and abroad. These include the Regional Center for Strategic Studies (Colombo) Summer Workshop on Defense, technology and Cooperative security in South Asia at Katmandu, Nepal in 2000 ;International Workshop on South Asia Together, Organized by the International Center, Goa (2003); Ford Foundation Research Methodology Course in International Relations at ASRC, Hyderabad; National Workshop on Draft Indian Nuclear Doctrine at NIAS, Bangalore, organized by the RCSS Sri Lanka; International Workshop on Teaching International Relations in South Asia at Goa, organized by the USEFI, New Delhi and the Dept. of Political Science, Goa University (2003) Workshop on Scientific Social survey Research at Bangalore and Chennai conducted by the CSDS New Delhi. He has also presented papers in different national and international conferences in India and abroad. Dr. Vinodan also received numerous awards. They include: UGC Major Research Project ( ), ICSSR Major Research Project ( ) Claremont Graduate University Visiting Scholar Fellowship (2003), FASI Award 2000, RCSS (Colombo) Summer Award Ford Foundation-ASRC Teacher Research Grant (1999), ASRC Teacher Study Grant (1998), Kerala University Post Doctoral Award ( ). He is currently member of the editorial board of the Journal of Human Security (Canada), the India Journal of Politics and International Relations (Associate Editor); Southeast Asian Journal of Social and Political Issues (Indonesia) and South Asian Journal of Diplomacy (Associate Editor). He has published more than 30 research papers and two books are under publication process. Dr. M. Thoha B. Sampurna Jaya, M.S. is a senior lecturer at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Lampung, Sumatera, Indonesia. He completed his doctorate degree in Nartural Resources and Environmental Management, Bogor Agricultural Institutes. He has contributed some articles in local journals. (Mobile phone: ; E- mail: thohaunila@yahoo.co.id) Izza Mahfruhah completed undergraduate courses in the Economics Faculty Sebelas Maret University in 1994 and post graduate in the Faculty of Economics, University of Gadjah Mada in The author has an interest in community empowerment and labor migrants. Since 2005 the author of numerous research and writing about empowerment-based economic development Totok Sarsito, PhD. is a Professor at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Solo, Indonesia. He holds two MAs in Political Sciences from Universitas Gadjah Mada and from Northern Illinois University, USA, and a Ph.D. in International Studies from Universiti Utara Malaysia. He has contributed numerous articles on Indonesian politics, such as Javanese culture as the source of legitimacy for Soeharto s government (Asia Europe Journal, Vol. 4, No. 3, September 2006); The Indonesian

6 Constitution of Why it was amended (Journal of International Studies, Vol. 3/2007); Javanese Culture as Guidance for Suharto s Life and for his Rule of the Country (Southeast Asian Journal of Social and Political Issues, Vol. 1, No. 1, March 2011); Between Dr. Ir. Sukarno and Great Army General Muhammad Suharto (Southeast Asian Journal of Social and Political Issues, Vol. 1, No. 2, March 2012), etc. (Mobile phone: ; totoksarsito@gmail.com). Dr. Evi Gravitiani is a lecturer at Department of Development Economics, Faculty of Economics, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. She completed her doctorate degree in Environmental Economics, Gadjah Mada University. She contributed some articles in national and international journal. Her research interests are in environmental economics, regional economics, and also labor economics. (Mobile phone : , e_gravity2000@yahoo.com) Lutfan bin Jaes is currently an academic staff at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). At the same time as a full-time PhD student at the College of Law, Government and International Studies, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM). He holds Bachelor's degree in Public Administration and Master's degree in Technology Management (Technology). Prior to that he experienced as a corporate officer for eight years ( ). He can be contacted at tel Azizi bin Basar is an academic staff of the Faculty of Science, Technology and Human Development, Universiti Tun Hussein OnnMalaysia (UTHM).At the same time as a Coordinator of Sustainable Campus Unit in the Office of the Assistant Vice Chancellor UTHM. He holds a B.Ed TESL (Honst) from Queensland University of Australia.He was very interested in the development of the local community and are very active in NGOs.He can be contacted at tel Yanuar Ikbar, Ph.D is a senior lecturer at Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. He holds a Master degree from Social and Political Sciences dept., Faculty of Social Humanities, National University of Malaysia (UKM) Malaysia and. He completed her doctorate degree in International Relations from Faculty of International Studies of Northern of Malaysia (Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM). His teaching and research interests are in The Global Political Economy and Methodology of Qualitative Research and of International Relations in America. He has been involved in many seminars with various topics, such as Global Political Economy and Poverty, and International Politics/relations In America, (since the year ). Drs. Yanuar Ikbar, MA, Ph.D has supervised many doctorate and Master s students. (Mobile phone: ; yanuarikbar@yahoo.co.id). Amri Marzali is a retired professor from the Departement of Anthropology, FISIP University of Indonesia (2008), and was the Chairman of Academic Quality Assurance Bureau, University of Indonesia ( ). Since 2009 he has been a visiting professor at Academy of Malay Studies, University of Malaya, and was a senior fellow at International Institute for Asian Studies, Leiden (1998) and at Institute of Malay World and Civilization, Malaysian National University ( ). Education: MA in Anthropology from Australian National University and PhD from Boston University (USA). He has published four books, Strategi Peisan Cikalong dalam Menghadapi Kemiskinan (Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2002), Antropologi dan Pembangunan Indonesia (Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2006), Antropologi dan Kebijakan Publik (Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2012), Dinamika Komuniti Melayu di Tepi

7 Bandar Jakarta dan Kuala Lumpur (Kuala Lumpur: Akademi Pengajian Melayu, Universiti Malaya, 2013). Dr. Asri Laksmi Riani is a lecturer at Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia. She holds a Master degree from the Faculty of Economics, Population and Labor Studies, University of Indonesia, Jakarta. She completed her doctorate degree in management science at the Universitas Brawijaya Malang, focusing on Human Resource Management. Her teaching and research interest are in Human Resource Management, Organizational Behavior and Entrepreneurship. She is the author of a book entitled 'Organizational Culture' (2010), and a book titled 'Perspectives Compensation: Companies, CEOs, and employees' (2011). She has been involve/ attended several seminars research results at national and international level (Mobile: , asrilaksmiriani@yahoo.com). Muhammad Yusuf Ariyadi is a college student in the Master of Management Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Solo, Indonesia. He completed a bachelor degree at the Universitas Sebelas Maret, Solo, Central Java. He had contributed to help make interdisciplinary research between HRM and accounting, such as The role of organizational justice in relation to the status and functions of mentoring relationship quality auditor supervisor. (Mobile phone: ; yusuf.ariyadi89@gmail.com). Adib Dzikron Istighfary is a college student in the Master of Management Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Solo, Indonesia. He completed a bachelor degree at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. (Mobile phone: ; adepdzikr@gmail.com). Didik G. Suharto is a lecturer at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Solo, Indonesia. He pursued his doctorate degree in Administrative Science in Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. He is actively perform as speakers in various international and national conferences on local government, such as The Village Independency: Decentralization Policy in Indonesia Perspective (ASPA Indonesia International Seminar and IAPA Annual Conference 2012 on Innovative Governance, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 2012); The Contribution of Local Autonomy Policy in Encouraging the Development and Oneness of NKRI (Republic of Indonesia) (International Conference on Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Solo, 2013); etc. (Mobile phone: ; didikgsuharto@yahoo.com). Dr. Widodo Muktiyo is a lecturer of Communications Department, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS). He hold a master degree for Communications Department UI Jakarta, and doctorate degree in Communications Science focusing on political economy of media. He is now Vice Rector for Planning, Partnership and Business Development UNS Solo. ( muktiyo@yahoo.com) Pawito, PhD. is a professor in Communication Theory and Dean of the Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Sebelas Maret. He pursued his doctorate degree in Communication in the University of New Castle, Australia, in He has written a number of books, such as Penelitian Komunikasi Politik (2007), Komunikasi Politik: Media Massa dan Kampanye Pemilihan (2009), and a number of articles, such as Perception of Indonesian Politics in the Run-Up to the 2009 General Election (Asian Social Science, Vol. 4, No. 11, November 2008). (Mobile phone: ).