WWF - SARPO Occasional Paper Number 1. June 2002

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "WWF - SARPO Occasional Paper Number 1. June 2002"

Transcription

1 NATIONAL SUMMARY OF AERIAL CENSUS RESULTS FOR ELEPHANT IN ZIMBABWE: 2001 K.M. Dunham & C.S. Mackie WWF - SARPO Occasional Paper Number 1 June 2002 This census was carried out jointly by the Department of s and Wild Life Management and WWF-SARPO (WWF Project No: ZW 0025). This report has also been published by the Department of s and Wild Life Management. The 2001 aerial survey and this publication were made possible through support made available by the Office of USAID Harare under the terms of project and grant The opinions expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the view of USAID. This material has been produced by the authority of, and for the use of CAMPFIRE in Zimbabwe, for information purposes only.

2 SUMMARY The principal populations of elephants in Zimbabwe were surveyed from the air during the period July to October These populations are located in north-west Matabeleland, the Sebungwe region, the unflooded Middle Zambezi Valley and the south-east lowveld. The total area surveyed was km 2. This was the first time since 1998 that all these populations were studied during the same year. The surveys were sample counts and the methods followed those used during previous surveys. The Save Valley Conservancy was included in the national elephant survey for the first time. There were estimated to be elephants (+/- 95 % confidence interval 8.0 %, or 7079 elephants) in the regions surveyed from the air. This was the highest and most precise estimate ever obtained for the total number of elephants in Zimbabwe s principal populations. The lower and upper confidence limits of this mean estimate were and elephants. There are known to be several small sub-populations of elephants occurring outside these survey areas, and estimates or guesstimates of the numbers of animals in these subpopulations were obtained from people familiar with them. Elephants occurred at 12 locations outside the survey regions and the total number of elephants in these sub-populations was probably about Thus, there were estimated to be, in total, elephants in Zimbabwe during the 2001 dry season. It is more practical to take account of the confidence limits for the estimate from the air surveys and state that there were between about and elephants in Zimbabwe during the 2001 dry season. Almost 90 % of these were in the Parks & Wild Life Estate and about 50 % were in Hwange. In the regions surveyed from the air, there were, in total, an estimated 86 fresh carcasses of elephants, 186 recent carcasses and 3209 old carcasses. Overall, these carcasses formed 3.8 % of all elephants (live and dead) estimated to be in these regions. The carcass ratio varied from 1.7 % in the Save Valley Conservancy to 5.8 % in the Sebungwe. 1

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY...1 LIST OF TABLES...3 LIST OF MAPS...5 INTRODUCTION...6 METHODS...6 Aerial Surveys...6 Survey Areas...6 Transect Surveys...6 Block Counts...9 Data Analysis...9 Small Populations...10 RESULTS...10 Small Populations...10 Aerial Surveys...13 North-west Matabeleland...13 Zambezi Valley...13 Sebungwe...13 South-east Lowveld...13 Zimbabwe...16 Elephant Carcasses...16 REFERENCES...17 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...18 APPENDIX. Tables of population estimates and statistics for elephants, elephant bulls, elephants in cow herds, and elephant carcasses in Zimbabwe during Population estimates by region (Tables 5-10) and by administrative area (Tables 11-16) Notes about Tables

4 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Summary of sampling statistics for the 2001 aerial surveys...8 Table 2. Definitions of categories used to record time since death for elephant carcasses...8 Table 3. Status of small populations of elephants during the dry season of Table 4. Summary of the population estimates for elephants in Zimbabwe during Table 5. Population estimates and statistics for elephants in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during Table 6. Population estimates and statistics for elephant bulls in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during Table 7. Population estimates and statistics for elephants in cow herds in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during Table 8. Population estimates and statistics for fresh carcasses of elephants (age category 1) in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during Table 9. Population estimates and statistics for recent carcasses of elephants (age category 2) in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during Table 10. Population estimates and statistics for old carcasses of elephants (age category 3) and carcass ratios (for all elephant carcasses) in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during Table 11. Population estimates and statistics for elephants, by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air...27 Save Valley Conservancy...27 Gonarezhou...27 North-west Matabeleland...27 Zambezi Valley...28 Sebungwe...28 Table 12. Population estimates and statistics for elephant bulls, by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air...29 Save Valley Conservancy...29 Gonarezhou...29 North-west Matabeleland...29 Zambezi Valley...30 Sebungwe...30 Table 13. Population estimates and statistics for elephants in cow herds, by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air...31 Save Valley Conservancy...31 Gonarezhou...31 North-west Matabeleland...31 Zambezi Valley...32 Sebungwe...32 Table 14. Population estimates and statistics for fresh carcasses of elephants (age category 1), by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air...33 Save Valley Conservancy...33 Gonarezhou...33 North-west Matabeleland...33 Zambezi Valley...34 Sebungwe...34 Table 15. Population estimates and statistics for recent carcasses of elephants (age category 2), by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air

5 Save Valley Conservancy...35 Gonarezhou...35 North-west Matabeleland...35 Zambezi Valley...36 Sebungwe...36 Table 16. Population estimates and statistics for old carcasses of elephants (age category 3) and carcass ratios (for all elephant carcasses), by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air...37 Save Valley Conservancy...37 Gonarezhou...37 North-west Matabeleland...37 Zambezi Valley...38 Sebungwe

6 LIST OF MAPS Map 1. The survey region in north-west Matabeleland of Zimbabwe Map 2. The survey region in the unflooded Middle Zambezi Valley of northern Zimbabwe. 20 Map 3. The survey region in the Sebungwe area of Zimbabwe...21 Map 4. The survey regions in the south-east lowveld of Zimbabwe...22 Map 5. The density and distribution of elephants in Zimbabwe during the dry season of 2001, in relation to land use

7 INTRODUCTION In order to assess the status of the elephant population in Zimbabwe, sample aerial surveys of the principal sub-populations were conducted during the 2001 dry season. This was the first time since 1998 that all principal sub-populations were surveyed during the same year. The methods used closely followed those utilised during earlier surveys, so that the results of the 2001 surveys are comparable with those from previous surveys. The Save Valley Conservancy was included in the national air survey programme for the first time. There are known to be several sub-populations of elephant outside the regions surveyed from the air. But there are relatively few elephants in these sub-populations and so it would not have been cost-effective to include them in the air survey programme. Nevertheless, an attempt is made here to consider these small sub-populations when deriving an estimate of the total number of elephants in Zimbabwe. 6 METHODS Aerial Surveys Survey Areas Elephant populations were surveyed from the air in five regions of Zimbabwe, namely northwest Matabeleland, Gonarezhou, Save Valley Conservancy, the Sebungwe, and the unflooded Middle Zambezi Valley. The procedures used followed those well established for aerial surveys of African large herbivores (Norton Griffiths 1978) and utilised during earlier surveys of elephants in Zimbabwe. Detailed reports of the 2001 surveys are provided by Dunham (2002a,b,c) and Mackie (2002a,b). The entire survey area covered km 2 and was divided into 86 strata (subdivisions) (Table 1). Strata boundaries were drawn so that elephant density within a stratum was spatially uniform, and the boundaries were the same as those used during previous surveys. Transect Surveys Regularly-spaced, parallel transects (flight lines) were positioned across each stratum in areas of generally flattish ground. These areas included all of the north-west Matabeleland, Gonarezhou and Save Valley Conservancy, the Zambezi Valley floor and all of the Sebungwe except for the hills of Matusadona NP and Kanyati. Transect surveys were undertaken during the period 14 August 6 October Transects were arranged at right angles to the principal environmental feature within a stratum for example, transects crossed major river systems. Within each stratum, transect orientation was the same as that used during previous surveys. Sampling intensity (i.e. the percentage of the study area that was actually surveyed) varied between regions and, in each region, was similar to that used during previous surveys. The distance between adjacent transects varied between strata, according to the planned sampling intensity in each stratum. The latter was determined by predicting that the elephant density in each stratum would be similar to that observed during any surveys in 1997, 1998 and/or 1999 (see Gibson (1992) for method). As a consequence, those strata expected to contain large numbers of elephants were

8 sampled more intensively (i.e. transects were closer together) than strata expected to contain few elephants. Transect spacings generally varied from 1.5 km in strata expected to contain many elephants, to 10 km in strata expected to contain few. The Save Valley Conservancy was expected to contain relatively few elephants. Nevertheless, sampling intensity was high, in part because this was the first time that this region had been included in the national elephant census. Through this survey, it was hoped to provide good baseline data for the planning of future surveys. In addition, a high sampling intensity should increase the precision of the population estimates for elephants (and other large herbivores). Surveys were designed using software that was custom-written by WWF for this purpose. Given the latitude/longitude co-ordinates that describe a stratum boundary, the transect orientation, the transect spacing and a random number, this software generates transects (flight lines), with the first transect offset from the end of the stratum by a random distance. The start and end points for each transect were transferred as waypoints to a GPS receiver in the aircraft (a Cessna 206) prior to flying each stratum. During surveys, the plane was flown at approximately 160 km per hour at about 300 feet above ground level (agl). The aircraft crew consisted of four people, who could talk to one another through an intercom system. The crew were: the pilot, who was responsible for flying the plane and navigating along the transects, by reference to the GPS receiver. the recorder, who sat next to the pilot and was responsible for recording: the actual height of the aircraft every 30 seconds while flying along transects (from a radar altimeter); the time taken to fly each transect (using a stopwatch); the number of elephants seen by observers and, for each group, its GPS location and the time since the start of the transect. two experienced observers, who sat behind the pilot and recorder. The observers were responsible for: looking for elephants and carcasses, and counting those seen within the counting strips; calling all sightings of these to the recorder; differentiating groups of elephant bulls from cow herds (although the latter may have included some bulls); classifying the age since death for elephant carcasses (see Table 2 for details). On each side of the plane, a counting strip was defined by two fibreglass rods that were attached to the wing strut, so that the rods pointed backwards and parallel to the ground during level flight. The distance between the rods on each strut was arranged so that, when the aircraft was flying at 300 feet agl, the distance represented a strip about 150 m wide on the ground. Each rod was marked with a small piece of tape to provide the observers with a decision point (at this point the observer decided whether an animal was in or out of the strip). For each regional survey, the strip widths were calibrated by flying the aircraft at right angles across an airstrip that had large-sized numbers arranged at 10 meter intervals along the side of the airstrip. Each observer noted the largest and smallest number within his strip and the recorder noted the aircraft s height. The nominal combined strip width at 300 feet agl was determined by averaging the combined strip widths, after adjusting these to 300 feet agl. The nominal strip widths for the regional surveys are given in Table 1. 7

9 Region Table 1. Summary of sampling statistics for the 2001 aerial surveys Area Dates Number of strata (km 2 ) sampled Percent of area sampled Mean combined strip width at 300 feet agl (meters) Transect surveys Block count s Total 8 Mean search intensity (minutes km -2 ) Save Valley September Conservancy 6 October Gonarezhou (for 2 strata) August (for 6 strata) North-west Matabeleland September Zambezi July Valley September Sebungwe July 30 August Totals km Table 2. Definitions of categories used to record time since death for elephant carcasses Carcass category Definition 1 Fresh: intact; white droppings of vultures visible; vegetation trampled; fluid stain on ground around carcass visible (animal likely to have died within the last 3 months). 2 Recent: pieces of hide still attached; skeleton still partly articulated; no vulture droppings; no trampled vegetation; no fluid stain evident (less than 1 year old, but generally since the last rainy season, i.e. 3 to 8 months old). 3 Old: bones scattered and bleached (probably died during or before the last rainy season, i.e. more than 8 months old but generally more than 1 year old and up to several years old).

10 Block Counts In hilly areas (the Chewore Hills and the hills south of the Zambezi escarpment, stretching from Matusadona NP in the west to Mavuradonha Wilderness Area in the east), block counts were used to count elephants. Blocks of land were defined on 1: scale maps using features, such as drainage lines or watersheds, that would be recognisable from the air. The area of these blocks was usually 5-25 km 2. Blocks to be counted were selected with a probability proportional to their area (by using random numbers as map co-ordinates). Consequently, large blocks were more likely to be selected for counting than small blocks. A pilot and one observer/recorder in a Piper Super Cub aircraft searched each block until it was believed that all elephants within it were seen. The recorder noted the number of elephants and elephant carcasses, and the time taken to search each block. Block counts were undertaken during the period 19 July 8 August Data Analysis For strata surveyed with transects, the estimated number of elephants (and carcasses) in a stratum and the confidence intervals of the estimates were calculated with WWF s custom software (using method 2 of Jolly (1969)). The software determined the actual combined strip width for each transect from the mean flying height for that transect and the nominal combined strip width at 300 feet agl. Transect area was the product of the actual combined strip width and transect length. The mean density of elephants in a stratum was calculated from the numbers of elephants seen within strips and the transect areas. The population estimate was the product of the mean density and the stratum area. For strata surveyed with block counts, population estimates and confidence intervals were calculated similarly (using method 3 of Jolly (1969)). Population estimates for the entire study area, the five survey regions within it and for various administrative units within those regions were calculated as the sum of the estimates for the individual strata within each land unit. The 95 % confidence interval (CI) of the population estimate for any land unit that comprised more than one stratum was calculated using the method of Gasaway et al. (1986). From the confidence interval, lower and upper 95 % confidence limits to the population estimate were calculated. The 95 % confidence limits can be interpreted to indicate that: there is a 95 % certainty that the true number of elephants lies between the lower and upper limits; or that there is just one chance in twenty that the true number of elephants lies outside the range defined by the lower and upper limits. Strata boundaries did not always coincide with the boundaries of administrative areas and some compromises have been made in this part of the analysis. For example, in the tables that accompany this report, Hwange includes Deka Safari Area, and the Dande stratum includes Dande Safari Area and some communal land: in this analysis, it is included within Guruve Communal Area, because safari hunting rights in Dande SA are leased to Guruve Rural District Council. Search intensity (in minutes per square kilometre) for a stratum was calculated as the total time spent flying all transects (or blocks) within that stratum, divided by the total area of those transects (or blocks). The greater the search intensity, the less the probability that observers did not observe animals that were within the strips. No corrections have been applied to any of the estimates to compensate for any undercounting or missed animals.

11 The carcass ratio (really a percentage) was calculated as the estimated number of all elephant carcasses as a percentage of the estimated number of all elephants, i.e. live elephants plus dead ones (Douglas-Hamilton et al. 1992). 10 Small Populations Biologists, managers, owners and/or safari operators working in areas occupied by the small populations of elephants not surveyed from the air were asked to provide their assessment of the status of the elephant population during the 2001 dry season (ideally, during September). The assessment included: up to three estimates of the number of elephants (minimum number, probable number and maximum number); any information to support these estimates (for example, sightings or survey data); the composition of the population (for example, bulls, cow herds, or both); and the elephants distributional range and/or seasonal movements. Captive elephants were excluded from this assessment. RESULTS Small Populations Outside the regions surveyed from the air, there were estimated to be about 535 elephants at nine locations for which fairly precise estimates were available (Table 3). There were another three locations (Limpopo River, Nyatana Area and Kavira Forest Land) for which reliable information was lacking and the stated elephant numbers were no more than guesses: there might be another 450 elephants in these areas. Thus, there were, in total, about 1000 elephants in the locations not covered by the air surveys. The elephant bulls on Protea Farm moved there from, presumably, the Zambezi escarpment hills, while the Shangani bulls are believed to have come from the Hwange area. The origins of the bulls near Plumtree are not known, but elephants on Sentinel and Nottingham Ranches moved there from Botswana during (Selier 2001). Elephants were reintroduced to the Bubiana, Bubi and Chiredzi River Conservancies within the last decade. Malilangwe Conservancy is adjacent to Gonarezhou NP and the elephants there form part of the Gonarezhou population.

12 11 Table 3. Status of small populations of elephants during the dry season of 2001 Site Number of elephants Composition Authority Notes (see Map 5 for locations) Minimum Probable Maximum Shangani Ranch Bulls C.M. Swanepoel 1. Group of 43 bulls seen by ranch staff during August Number varies seasonally: fewer animals seen during wet season. Bubiana Conservancy Bulls & cow herds Malilangwe Conservancy & Hippo Valley Estates Game Section 116 Bulls & cow herds Hartley Safari Area Bulls & cow herds Chiredzi River Conservancy Protea Farm (30 km north of Karoi) M. Jones 1. Approximately 100 elephants before land invasion by squatters. 2. Unknown number of animals known to have moved off since land invasions. S. Clegg 116 and 105 elephants seen during two total-area surveys by helicopter during September A. Van Eeden 1. Saw a single herd (family unit) of about 100 there during May 2001 and again during early November Saw a herd of 8 bulls during May 2001 and a group of 12 bulls was seen by another hunter Bulls & cows T. Ballance elephants released as calves during 1992 drought. 2. Three calves born during One or two bulls wander through each year (from Gonarezhou NP?). 7 7 Bulls A. Van Leenhoff & C. Mackie 7 bulls seen by C.M. during July 2001

13 Site Number of elephants Composition Authority Notes (see Map 5 for locations) Minimum Probable Maximum Bubi River Conservancy 53 Bulls & cow herds K. Leathem are translocated animals and their offspring, and some bulls that arrived naturally. 2. Other 16 are bulls that moved from Sentinel Ranch area during first quarter of Shashe River, Tuli Safari Area, Maramani Communal Land, and Sentinel & Nottingham Ranches Home Farm & Greystone Ranches (40 km southsouth-east of Plumtree) Limpopo River, Chikwarakwara area, Sengwe Communal Land Nyatana Wildlife Management Area 92 Bulls & cow herds J. Selier (2001) Total-area survey by plane during July 2001, with flight strips 1 km wide (narrower over thick riverine vegetation). Saw 4 bulls & 78 elephants in cow herds on Sentinel & Nottingham Ranches, 10 elephants along the Shashe River in Mambali Communal Land, and no elephants in Tuli Safari Area or Maramani Communal Land. Part of a population which, during July 2001, numbered >1238 animals and was centred on the Botswana s Northern Tuli Game Reserve. 3 or 4 Bulls G. Robertson Fresh footprints of 3 or 4 young-adult bulls seen in bed of Ingwizi River during July ? Bulls? A. Strauss Regular movement of elephants across Limpopo River, between this area and South Africa s Kruger NP. 150? Bulls & cows R. Gwazani & F. Murindagomo (2001) Kavira Forest Land +? Bulls & cow herds E. Mufandaedza, D. Littleton 12 These authors believe that there are 75 males and 75 females in this area, but, on the basis of all the surveys conducted during 2001, a 1:1 sex ratio is very unlikely. Thus, the figure of 150 is probably little more than a guess. But the authors did find elephant dung along transects in the area and so the presence of elephants is confirmed. 1. Elephants present, but no estimate of numbers. 2. During dry season of 2000, bulls and cow herds present, totalling about 100 animals.

14 Aerial Surveys Summaries of the results of the aerial surveys are given in Tables 5-16, which provide estimates of the numbers of elephants, bulls, elephants in cow herds and elephant carcasses in each region (Tables 5-10) and in each administrative area (Tables 11-16). Detailed results are contained in the separate survey reports (Dunham 2002a,b,c, Mackie 2002a,b). The major findings of the study are presented below and in Table North-west Matabeleland The largest population of elephants in Zimbabwe was in north-west Matabeleland, where there were an estimated elephants (+/- CI 6088). Most (90 %) of these were in Hwange NP (Map 1). Hwange NP contained an estimated (+/- CI 5838) elephants, which represented 50 % of Zimbabwe s elephant population. Not only was the number of elephants in the national park very large, but the density of elephants, which averaged 2.9 elephants km -2, was greater here than in any other national park or safari area in Zimbabwe. The elephants in north-west Matabeleland form part of a larger population that Zimbabwe shares with northern Botswana. Zambezi Valley There were an estimated elephants (+/- CI 2522) in the Zambezi Valley survey region, which stretched from Kariba dam eastwards to the Mavuradonha hills (Map 2). This total included 3708 elephants (+/- CI 925) in Mana Pools NP and another 3174 (+/- CI 1518) in the communal areas (including Dande Safari Area). The elephants in the Zambezi Valley survey region form part of a larger population that Zimbabwe shares with the Lower Zambezi NP in Zambia and the Magoe district of Mozambique. Sebungwe There were estimated to be elephants (+/- CI 2124) in the Sebungwe region, south of Lake Kariba (Map 3). This total included 4033 elephants (+/- CI 1110) in the Kariba, Binga and north Gokwe communal areas and another 5011 (+/- CI 1219) in Chizarira NP. Elephant density in this national park averaged 2.4 elephants km -2. Only in Hwange NP was a greater density than this recorded during Unlike the other elephant populations in Zimbabwe, the Sebungwe population is largely closed, being isolated by Lake Kariba, human settlement, and areas of communal and commercial agriculture. South-east Lowveld There were estimated to be 4992 elephants (+/- CI 1637) in the Gonarezhou area and 535 elephants (+/- CI 322) in the Save Valley Conservancy (Map 4). Together with 116 elephants in Malilangwe Conservancy and 28 in Chiredzi River Conservancy, these form the south-east lowveld population. But most (88 %) of the elephants in this region were in Gonarezhou NP, where the population was estimated to be 4987 (+/- CI 1637) elephants. The eastern boundary of this national park is the international border with Mozambique and elephants in Gonarezhou NP are free to cross it. The elephants in the south-east lowveld formed just 6 % of Zimbabwe s total elephant population.

15 14 Area or Land Use Category Table 4. Summary of the population estimates for elephants in Zimbabwe during 2001 Population estimate for: NP / SA Land use Region category Population estimate as percentage of regional population estimate Population estimate as percentage of national population estimate North-west Matabeleland Hwange NP Zambezi NP Matetsi/Kazuma/Panda Masuie Parks & Wild Life Estate Communal Areas Forest Areas/Private Land NW Matabeleland region Zambezi Valley Mana Pools NP Safari Areas Parks & Wild Life Estate Communal Areas / Mavuradonha WA Zambezi Valley region Sebungwe Chizarira NP Matusadona NP Safari Areas Parks & Wild Life Estate Communal Areas Forest Area Sebungwe region

16 15 Area or Land Use Category Population estimate for: NP / SA Land use Region category Population estimate as percentage of regional population estimate Population estimate as percentage of national population estimate South-east Lowveld Gonarezhou NP Malapati SA Parks & Wild Life Estate Save Valley Conservancy Malilangwe & Chiredzi R. Conserv Communal Area South-east Lowveld region Other locations Hartley SA Tuli SA Parks & Wild Life Estate Other Other locations Total for Parks & Wild Life Estate % Total Population Estimate for Zimbabwe Note: There may be small errors in the totals in this table, due to rounding estimates to zero decimal places

17 Zimbabwe There were estimated to be (+/- CI 7079) elephants in the five aerial survey regions, plus approximately 1000 elephants outside these. Thus, during the 2001 dry season, there were estimated to be between about and elephants in Zimbabwe. Almost 90 % of these were in the Parks & Wild Life Estate (Map 5). The figure of elephants in the air survey regions is the highest ever estimate. The methods utilised were the same as those used during previous aerial surveys and so it is clear that the number of elephants within the country is continuing to increase (see Price Waterhouse Consultants (1996) for previous estimates). 16 Elephant Carcasses Relatively few fresh or recent carcasses were seen (Tables 8 & 9). Carcass ratios varied regionally, from 1.7 % in the Save Valley Conservancy, to 5.8 % in the Sebungwe and the mean carcass ratio was 3.8 % (Table 10). This low ratio also suggests that the number of elephants in Zimbabwe is increasing, because a ratio of 2-8 % usually indicates a stable or increasing population number, while a ratio greater than 8 % is indicative of a declining population number (Douglas-Hamilton et al. 1992). Carcass ratios greater than 8 % were recorded in Zambezi, the southern part of Matetsi Safari Area, Chete Safari Area and the Binga communal lands (Table 16). In the other areas where the carcass ratio exceeded 8 % (Malapati SA, Sikumi Forest and the communal lands east of Hwange NP, and Mavuradonha Wilderness Area), few elephants live or dead were seen and hence the sample sizes may be too small to calculate reliable ratios.

18 REFERENCES Douglas-Hamilton, I., Michelmore, F. & Inamdar, A. (1992). African Elephant Database. UNEP, Nairobi. Dunham, K.M. (2002a). Aerial census of elephants and other large herbivores in Gonarezhou and some bordering lands, Zimbabwe: Project Paper no. 80, WWF- SARPO, Harare. Dunham, K.M. (2002b). Aerial census of elephants and other large herbivores in north-west Matabeleland, Zimbabwe: Project Paper no. 81, WWF-SARPO, Harare. Dunham, K.M. (2002c). Aerial census of elephants and other large herbivores in the Save Valley Conservancy, Zimbabwe: Project Paper no. 79, WWF-SARPO, Harare. Gasaway, W.C., DuBois, S.D. Reed, D.J. & Harbo, S.J. (1986). Estimating moose population parameters from aerial surveys. Biological Papers of the University of Alaska pp. Gibson, D. (1992). Formulae for aerial survey analysis. In: Elephant management in Zimbabwe. Second edition. Eds Martin, R.B., Craig, G.C., Booth, V.R. & Conybeare, A.M.G. pp DNPWLM, Harare. Gwazani, R. & Murindagomo, F. (2001). Nyatana Wildlife Management Area (NWMA) Resource Inventory. WWF-SARPO, Harare. Jolly, G.M. (1969). Sampling methods for aerial censuses of wildlife populations. E. Afr. Agric. For. J. 34: Mackie, C. (2002a). Aerial census of elephants and other large herbivores in Zambezi Valley, Zimbabwe: Project Paper no. 77, WWF-SARPO, Harare. Mackie, C. (2002b). Aerial census of elephants and other large herbivores in Sebungwe Region, Zimbabwe: Project Paper no. 78, WWF-SARPO, Harare. Norton Griffiths, M. (1978). Counting Animals. Second edition. African Wildlife Leadership Foundation, Nairobi. Price Waterhouse Consultants. (1996). Elephant census in Zimbabwe: 1980 to An analysis and review. PWC, Harare. Selier, J. (2001). Final Report on the Progress of the Central Limpopo Valley Elephant Research Project. Unpublished report. Centre for Wildlife Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria. 17

19 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following staff members of the DNPWLM served as observers or recorders during the aerial surveys: Mr Ngoni Cheweshe; Mr David Chipesi; Ms Tracy Couto; Mr Bruce Davison; Mr Crispin Jakopo; Mr Norman Monks; and Mr Fungai Muroki. The survey planes were piloted by Mr Jon Cadd and Mr Charles Mackie. The following people provided information about small populations of elephants: Mr Tore Ballance; Mrs Sarah Clegg; Mr Mike Jones; Mr Kevin Leathem; Mr Derek Littleton; Mr Edward Mufandaedza; Mr Graham Robertson; Ms Jeanetta Selier; Mr Alec Strauss; Dr Clive Swanepoel; Mr Andre Van Eeden; and Mr Alex Van Leenhoff. Dr Ivan Bond of WWF SARPO managed the aerial survey programme, but still retained his sense of humour. He and Dr Russell Taylor reviewed drafts of this report and the regional survey reports. The survey programme was funded by USAID. Additional support for the Gonarezhou survey was provided by the Malilangwe Conservation Trust, and for the Save Valley Conservancy survey by the International Finance Corporation (SME programme). 18

20 Land use Safari Area Communal Area Private Land Forest Land Elephant density (per sq. km) Map 1. The survey region in north-west Matabeleland of Zimbabwe. Map shows (from north to south) Zambezi, Kazuma Pan and Hwange s; the northern and southern sections of Matetsi Safari Area, and Deka Safari Area; and Panda Masuie, Kazuma, Sikumi and Ngamo Forest Areas. Elephant density during the 2001 dry season is indicated for individual survey strata.

21 Elephant density (per sq. km) Land use Safari Area Communal Land Private Land Communal Land Wilderness Area 31.0 Map 2. The survey region in the unflooded Middle Zambezi Valley of northern Zimbabwe. Map shows Mana Pools, Mavuradonha Wilderness Area and (clockwise from south-west) Charara, Hurungwe, Sapi, Chewore, Dande and Doma Safari Areas. Elephant density during the 2001 dry season is indicated for individual survey strata.

22 21 Land use Safari Area Communal Land Private Land Forest Area -17 Elephant density (per sq. km) Map 3. The survey region in the Sebungwe area of Zimbabwe. Map shows (from north to south) Matusadona and Chizarira s, Chete and Chirisa Safari Areas, and Sijarira Forest Area. Elephant density during the 2001 dry season is indicated for individual survey strata.

23 Land use Safari Area Communal Area Private Land Conservancy Elephant density (per sq. km) Map 4. The survey regions in the south-east lowveld of Zimbabwe. Map shows Gonarezhou, Malapati Safari Area and the Save Valley Conservancy. Elephant density during the 2001 dry season is indicated for individual survey strata.

24 23 Land use Safari Area Communal Land Commercial Land Forest Land Conservancy Resettlement Area Elephant density (per sq. km) Map 5. The density and distribution of elephants in Zimbabwe during the dry season of 2001, in relation to land use. Site 1, Protea Farm; site 2, Nyatana Wildlife Management Area; site 3, Hartley Safari Area; site 4, Kavira Forest Land; site 5, Shangani Ranch; site 6, Home Farm and Greystone Ranches; site 7, Mambali Communal Land; site 8, Tuli Safari Area; site 9, Maramani Communal Land; site 10, Sentinel and Nottingham Ranches; site 11, Bubiana Conservancy; site 12, Bubi Valley Conservancy; site 13, Chiredzi River Conservancy; site 14, Malilangwe Conservancy; site 15, Sengwe Communal Land

25 APPENDIX. Tables of population estimates and statistics for elephants, elephant bulls, elephants in cow herds, and elephant carcasses in Zimbabwe during Population estimates by region (Tables 5-10) and by administrative area (Tables 11-16). 24 Notes about Tables 1. Confidence intervals and confidence limits are 95 % confidence intervals and limits. No. seen is the number seen in the strips during the surveys. 2. There may be small errors in the totals given in some tables. These are rounding errors: estimates, variances and sums were calculated with great precision in a spreadsheet, before being rounded to zero decimal places. 3. Abbreviations are as follows: Abbreviation Meaning CA Communal Area CI Confidence Interval Confidence Limit FA Forest Area NP NW Mat North-west Matabeleland PWE Parks & Wild Life Estate SA Safari Area SVC Save Valley Conservancy WA Wilderness Area ZV Zambezi Valley

26 Table 5. Population estimates and statistics for elephants in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during 2001 Region Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Save Valley Conservancy Gonarezhou NW Matabeleland Zambezi Valley Sebungwe Totals Table 6. Population estimates and statistics for elephant bulls in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during 2001 Region Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Save Valley Conservancy Gonarezhou NW Matabeleland Zambezi Valley Sebungwe Totals Table 7. Population estimates and statistics for elephants in cow herds in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during 2001 Region Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Save Valley Conservancy Gonarezhou NW Matabeleland Zambezi Valley Sebungwe Totals

27 Table 8. Population estimates and statistics for fresh carcasses of elephants (age category 1) in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during 2001 Survey Region Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Save Valley Conservancy Gonarezhou NW Matabeleland Zambezi Valley Sebungwe Totals Table 9. Population estimates and statistics for recent carcasses of elephants (age category 2) in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during 2001 Survey Region Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Save Valley Conservancy Gonarezhou NW Matabeleland Zambezi Valley Sebungwe Totals Table 10. Population estimates and statistics for old carcasses of elephants (age category 3) and carcass ratios (for all elephant carcasses) in the aerial survey regions of Zimbabwe during 2001 Survey Region Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Carcass Ratio Save Valley Conservancy Gonarezhou NW Matabeleland Zambezi Valley Sebungwe Totals

28 Table 11. Population estimates and statistics for elephants, by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air 27 Save Valley Conservancy Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower SVC Area Gonarezhou Estimate No. seen Varianc e % CI Lower Gonarezhou NP Safari Area Malapati SA Communal Area Mahenye Ward Totals Area Estimat e North-west Matabeleland No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Matetsi SA / Kazuma Pan NP / Kazuma FA / Panda Masuie FA Kazuma Pan NP/FA Matetsi SA north Matetsi SA south s Hwange NP Zambezi NP PWE subtotals Communal Areas Maitengwe CA Tsholotsho CA CA subtotals Forest Areas Ngamo Forest Sikumi Forest FA subtotals NW Mat Totals

29 Zambezi Valley Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower 28 Mana Pools NP Safari Areas Hurungwe SA Sapi SA Chewore SA Charara SA Doma SA PWE subtotals Communal Areas Guruve CA Mukwichi CA CA subtotals Wilderness Area Mavuradonha WA ZV Totals Area Estimate No. Seen Sebungwe Variance % CI Lower s Chizarira NP Matusadona NP Safari Areas Chirisa SA Chete SA PWE subtotals Forest Area Sijarira Forest Communal Areas North Gokwe CA Binga CA Kariba CA CA subtotals Sebungwe Totals

30 Table 12. Population estimates and statistics for elephant bulls, by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air 29 Save Valley Conservancy Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower SVC Gonarezhou Area Estimate No. seen Variance % CI Lower Gonarezhou NP Safari Area Malapati SA Communal Area Mahenye Ward Totals North-west Matabeleland Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Matetsi SA / Kazuma Pan NP / Kazuma FA / Panda Masuie FA Kazuma Pan NP/FA Matetsi SA north Matetsi SA south s Hwange NP Zambezi NP PWE subtotals Communal Areas Maitengwe CA Tsholotsho CA CA subtotals Forest Areas Ngamo Forest Sikumi Forest FA subtotals NW Mat Totals

31 Zambezi Valley Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower 30 Mana Pools NP Safari Areas Hurungwe SA Sapi SA Chewore SA Charara SA Doma SA PWE subtotals Communal Areas Guruve CA Mukwichi CA CA subtotals Wilderness Area Mavuradonha WA ZV Totals Area Estimate No. Seen Sebungwe Variance % CI Lower s Chizarira NP Matusadona NP Safari Areas Chirisa SA Chete SA PWE subtotals Forest Area Sijarira Forest Communal Areas North Gokwe CA Binga CA Kariba CA CA subtotals Sebungwe Totals

32 31 Table 13. Population estimates and statistics for elephants in cow herds, by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air Save Valley Conservancy Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower SVC Gonarezhou Area Estimate No. seen Variance % CI Lower Gonarezhou NP Safari Area Malapati SA Communal Area Mahenye Ward Totals North-west Matabeleland Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Matetsi SA / Kazuma Pan NP / Kazuma FA / Panda Masuie FA Kazuma Pan NP/FA Matetsi SA north Matetsi SA south s Hwange NP Zambezi NP PWE subtotals Communal Areas Tsholotsho CA Maitengwe CA CA subtotals Forest Areas Ngamo Forest Sikumi Forest FA subtotals NW Mat Totals

33 Zambezi Valley Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower 32 Mana Pools NP Safari Areas Hurungwe SA Sapi SA Chewore SA Charara SA Doma SA PWE subtotals Communal Areas Guruve CA Mukwichi CA CA subtotals Wilderness Area Mavuradonha WA ZV Totals Area Estimate No. Seen Sebungwe Variance % CI Lower s Chizarira NP Matusadona NP Safari Areas Chirisa SA Chete SA PWE subtotals Forest Area Sijarira Forest Communal Areas North Gokwe CA Binga CA Kariba CA CA subtotals Sebungwe Totals

34 Table 14. Population estimates and statistics for fresh carcasses of elephants (age category 1), by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air 33 Save Valley Conservancy Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower SVC Gonarezhou Area Estimate No. seen Variance % CI Lower Gonarezhou NP Safari Area Malapati Communal Area Mahenye Ward Totals North-west Matabeleland Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Matetsi SA / Kazuma Pan NP / Kazuma FA / Panda Masuie FA Kazuma Pan NP/FA Matetsi SA north Matetsi SA south Hwange NP Zambezi NP PWE subtotals Communal Areas Tsholotsho CA Maitengwe CA CA subtotals Forest Areas Ngamo Forest Sikumi Forest FA subtotals NW Mat Totals

35 Zambezi Valley Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower 34 Mana Pools NP Safari Areas Hurungwe SA Sapi SA Chewore SA Charara SA Doma SA PWE subtotals Communal Areas Guruve CA Mukwichi CA CA subtotals Wilderness Area Mavuradonha WA ZV Totals Area Estimate No. Seen Sebungwe Variance % CI Lower s Chizarira NP Matusadona NP Safari Areas Chirisa SA Chete SA PWE subtotals Forest Land Sijarira Forest Communal Areas North Gokwe CA Binga CA Kariba CA CA subtotals Sebungwe Totals

36 Table 15. Population estimates and statistics for recent carcasses of elephants (age category 2), by administrative area, in regions surveyed from the air 35 Save Valley Conservancy Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower SVC Gonarezhou Area Estimate No. seen Variance % CI Lower Gonarezhou NP Safari Area Malapati SA Communal Area Mahenye Ward Totals North-west Matabeleland Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Matetsi SA / Kazuma Pan NP / Kazuma FA / Panda Masuie FA Kazuma Pan NP/FA Matetsi SA north Matetsi SA south s Hwange NP Zambezi NP PWE subtotals Communal Areas Tsholotsho CA Maitengwe CA CA subtotals Forest Areas Ngamo Forest Sikumi Forest FA subtotals

37 Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower 36 NW Mat Totals Zambezi Valley Area Estimate No. Seen Variance % CI Lower Mana Pools NP Safari Areas Hurungwe SA Sapi SA Chewore SA Charara SA Doma SA PWE subtotals Communal Areas Guruve CA Mukwichi CA CA subtotals Wilderness Area Mavuradonha WA ZV Totals Area Estimate No. Seen Sebungwe Variance % CI Lower s Chizarira NP Matusadona NP Safari Areas Chirisa SA Chete SA PWE subtotals Forest Land Sijarira Forest Communal Areas North Gokwe CA Binga CA Kariba CA CA subtotals Sebungwe Totals

Australia s tertiary education sector

Australia s tertiary education sector Australia s tertiary education sector TOM KARMEL NHI NGUYEN NATIONAL CENTRE FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION RESEARCH Paper presented to the Centre for the Economics of Education and Training 7 th National Conference

More information

Airplane Rescue: Social Studies. LEGO, the LEGO logo, and WEDO are trademarks of the LEGO Group The LEGO Group.

Airplane Rescue: Social Studies. LEGO, the LEGO logo, and WEDO are trademarks of the LEGO Group The LEGO Group. Airplane Rescue: Social Studies LEGO, the LEGO logo, and WEDO are trademarks of the LEGO Group. 2010 The LEGO Group. Lesson Overview The students will discuss ways that people use land and their physical

More information

PUBLIC CASE REPORT Use of the GeoGebra software at upper secondary school

PUBLIC CASE REPORT Use of the GeoGebra software at upper secondary school PUBLIC CASE REPORT Use of the GeoGebra software at upper secondary school Linked to the pedagogical activity: Use of the GeoGebra software at upper secondary school Written by: Philippe Leclère, Cyrille

More information

Financing Education In Minnesota

Financing Education In Minnesota Financing Education In Minnesota 2016-2017 Created with Tagul.com A Publication of the Minnesota House of Representatives Fiscal Analysis Department August 2016 Financing Education in Minnesota 2016-17

More information

Extending Place Value with Whole Numbers to 1,000,000

Extending Place Value with Whole Numbers to 1,000,000 Grade 4 Mathematics, Quarter 1, Unit 1.1 Extending Place Value with Whole Numbers to 1,000,000 Overview Number of Instructional Days: 10 (1 day = 45 minutes) Content to Be Learned Recognize that a digit

More information

Probability estimates in a scenario tree

Probability estimates in a scenario tree 101 Chapter 11 Probability estimates in a scenario tree An expert is a person who has made all the mistakes that can be made in a very narrow field. Niels Bohr (1885 1962) Scenario trees require many numbers.

More information

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS IN AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY IN KWARA STATE COLLEGE OF

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS IN AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY IN KWARA STATE COLLEGE OF A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS IN AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY IN KWARA STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ILORIN. BY ADEYINKA, CHARLES, OLUFOLARIN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC,

More information

A Guide to Finding Statistics for Students

A Guide to Finding Statistics for Students San Joaquin Valley Statistics http://pegasi.us/sjstats/ 1 of 2 6/12/2010 5:00 PM A Guide to Finding Statistics for Students CV Stats Home By Topic By Area About the Valley About this Site Population Agriculture

More information

Like much of the country, Detroit suffered significant job losses during the Great Recession.

Like much of the country, Detroit suffered significant job losses during the Great Recession. 36 37 POPULATION TRENDS Economy ECONOMY Like much of the country, suffered significant job losses during the Great Recession. Since bottoming out in the first quarter of 2010, however, the city has seen

More information

Organised by

Organised by www.africanbrains.net/edusa Organised by A rare opportunity to engage with ministers and senior officials for education and higher education from the 15 member countries of the Southern African Development

More information

Numeracy Medium term plan: Summer Term Level 2C/2B Year 2 Level 2A/3C

Numeracy Medium term plan: Summer Term Level 2C/2B Year 2 Level 2A/3C Numeracy Medium term plan: Summer Term Level 2C/2B Year 2 Level 2A/3C Using and applying mathematics objectives (Problem solving, Communicating and Reasoning) Select the maths to use in some classroom

More information

The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document.

The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Title Mathematical problem solving in Singapore schools Author(s) Berinderjeet Kaur Source Teaching and Learning, 19(1), 67-78 Published by Institute of Education (Singapore) This document may be used

More information

THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTIPLE CHOICE MATH TESTS

THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTIPLE CHOICE MATH TESTS THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTIPLE CHOICE MATH TESTS ELIZABETH ANNE SOMERS Spring 2011 A thesis submitted in partial

More information

Proficiency Illusion

Proficiency Illusion KINGSBURY RESEARCH CENTER Proficiency Illusion Deborah Adkins, MS 1 Partnering to Help All Kids Learn NWEA.org 503.624.1951 121 NW Everett St., Portland, OR 97209 Executive Summary At the heart of the

More information

2 nd Grade Math Curriculum Map

2 nd Grade Math Curriculum Map .A.,.M.6,.M.8,.N.5,.N.7 Organizing Data in a Table Working with multiples of 5, 0, and 5 Using Patterns in data tables to make predictions and solve problems. Solving problems involving money. Using a

More information

African American Male Achievement Update

African American Male Achievement Update Report from the Department of Research, Evaluation, and Assessment Number 8 January 16, 2009 African American Male Achievement Update AUTHOR: Hope E. White, Ph.D., Program Evaluation Specialist Department

More information

Psychometric Research Brief Office of Shared Accountability

Psychometric Research Brief Office of Shared Accountability August 2012 Psychometric Research Brief Office of Shared Accountability Linking Measures of Academic Progress in Mathematics and Maryland School Assessment in Mathematics Huafang Zhao, Ph.D. This brief

More information

Mathematics subject curriculum

Mathematics subject curriculum Mathematics subject curriculum Dette er ei omsetjing av den fastsette læreplanteksten. Læreplanen er fastsett på Nynorsk Established as a Regulation by the Ministry of Education and Research on 24 June

More information

Using Proportions to Solve Percentage Problems I

Using Proportions to Solve Percentage Problems I RP7-1 Using Proportions to Solve Percentage Problems I Pages 46 48 Standards: 7.RP.A. Goals: Students will write equivalent statements for proportions by keeping track of the part and the whole, and by

More information

About How Good is Estimation? Assessment Materials Page 1 of 12

About How Good is Estimation? Assessment Materials Page 1 of 12 About How Good is Estimation? Assessment Name: Multiple Choice. 1 point each. 1. Which unit of measure is most appropriate for the area of a small rug? a) feet b) yards c) square feet d) square yards 2.

More information

Longitudinal Analysis of the Effectiveness of DCPS Teachers

Longitudinal Analysis of the Effectiveness of DCPS Teachers F I N A L R E P O R T Longitudinal Analysis of the Effectiveness of DCPS Teachers July 8, 2014 Elias Walsh Dallas Dotter Submitted to: DC Education Consortium for Research and Evaluation School of Education

More information

Research Update. Educational Migration and Non-return in Northern Ireland May 2008

Research Update. Educational Migration and Non-return in Northern Ireland May 2008 Research Update Educational Migration and Non-return in Northern Ireland May 2008 The Equality Commission for Northern Ireland (hereafter the Commission ) in 2007 contracted the Employment Research Institute

More information

Page 1 of 11. Curriculum Map: Grade 4 Math Course: Math 4 Sub-topic: General. Grade(s): None specified

Page 1 of 11. Curriculum Map: Grade 4 Math Course: Math 4 Sub-topic: General. Grade(s): None specified Curriculum Map: Grade 4 Math Course: Math 4 Sub-topic: General Grade(s): None specified Unit: Creating a Community of Mathematical Thinkers Timeline: Week 1 The purpose of the Establishing a Community

More information

Post-intervention multi-informant survey on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on disability and inclusive education

Post-intervention multi-informant survey on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on disability and inclusive education Leonard Cheshire Disability and Inclusive Development Centre University College London Promoting the provision of inclusive primary education for children with disabilities in Mashonaland, West Province,

More information

Grade 6: Correlated to AGS Basic Math Skills

Grade 6: Correlated to AGS Basic Math Skills Grade 6: Correlated to AGS Basic Math Skills Grade 6: Standard 1 Number Sense Students compare and order positive and negative integers, decimals, fractions, and mixed numbers. They find multiples and

More information

Here are some helpful steps to guide you in completing the Contributor s Form below:

Here are some helpful steps to guide you in completing the Contributor s Form below: INSTRUCTIONS SSP ELEPHANT EXHIBIT DESIGN CONTRIBUTOR S FORM Here are some helpful steps to guide you in completing the Contributor s Form below: Step 1: Create a profile of your elephant facility for the

More information

EDEXCEL FUNCTIONAL SKILLS PILOT. Maths Level 2. Chapter 7. Working with probability

EDEXCEL FUNCTIONAL SKILLS PILOT. Maths Level 2. Chapter 7. Working with probability Working with probability 7 EDEXCEL FUNCTIONAL SKILLS PILOT Maths Level 2 Chapter 7 Working with probability SECTION K 1 Measuring probability 109 2 Experimental probability 111 3 Using tables to find the

More information

Hardhatting in a Geo-World

Hardhatting in a Geo-World Hardhatting in a Geo-World TM Developed and Published by AIMS Education Foundation This book contains materials developed by the AIMS Education Foundation. AIMS (Activities Integrating Mathematics and

More information

BASIC EDUCATION IN GHANA IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD

BASIC EDUCATION IN GHANA IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD BASIC EDUCATION IN GHANA IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD By Abena D. Oduro Centre for Policy Analysis Accra November, 2000 Please do not Quote, Comments Welcome. ABSTRACT This paper reviews the first stage of

More information

Investigations for Chapter 1. How do we measure and describe the world around us?

Investigations for Chapter 1. How do we measure and describe the world around us? 1 Chapter 1 Forces and Motion Introduction to Chapter 1 This chapter is about measurement and how we use measurements and experiments to learn about the world. Two fundamental properties of the universe

More information

Department: Basic Education REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA MACRO INDICATOR TRENDS IN SCHOOLING: SUMMARY REPORT 2011

Department: Basic Education REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA MACRO INDICATOR TRENDS IN SCHOOLING: SUMMARY REPORT 2011 Department: Basic Education REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA MACRO INDICATOR TRENDS IN SCHOOLING: SUMMARY REPORT 2011 Published by the Department of Basic Education Sol Plaatje House 222 Struben Street Pretoria

More information

Literacy Level in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana States A Statistical Study

Literacy Level in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana States A Statistical Study The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES) Volume 6 Issue 6 Pages PP 70-77 2017 ISSN (e): 2319 1813 ISSN (p): 2319 1805 Literacy Level in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana States A Statistical

More information

School Competition and Efficiency with Publicly Funded Catholic Schools David Card, Martin D. Dooley, and A. Abigail Payne

School Competition and Efficiency with Publicly Funded Catholic Schools David Card, Martin D. Dooley, and A. Abigail Payne School Competition and Efficiency with Publicly Funded Catholic Schools David Card, Martin D. Dooley, and A. Abigail Payne Web Appendix See paper for references to Appendix Appendix 1: Multiple Schools

More information

Diagnostic Test. Middle School Mathematics

Diagnostic Test. Middle School Mathematics Diagnostic Test Middle School Mathematics Copyright 2010 XAMonline, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by

More information

MEASURING GENDER EQUALITY IN EDUCATION: LESSONS FROM 43 COUNTRIES

MEASURING GENDER EQUALITY IN EDUCATION: LESSONS FROM 43 COUNTRIES GIRL Center Research Brief No. 2 October 2017 MEASURING GENDER EQUALITY IN EDUCATION: LESSONS FROM 43 COUNTRIES STEPHANIE PSAKI, KATHARINE MCCARTHY, AND BARBARA S. MENSCH The Girl Innovation, Research,

More information

Geo spatial application and pro-rata issues Henrik Berg Denmark

Geo spatial application and pro-rata issues Henrik Berg Denmark Geo spatial application and pro-rata issues Henrik Berg Denmark 1 Agenda Current situation Decisions so far Challenges Rules and principles for pro-rata Model for pro-rata in DK Examples Conclusion 2 1

More information

Measuring physical factors in the environment

Measuring physical factors in the environment B2 3.1a Student practical sheet Measuring physical factors in the environment Do environmental conditions affect the distriution of plants? Aim To find out whether environmental conditions affect the distriution

More information

Cooper Upper Elementary School

Cooper Upper Elementary School LIVONIA PUBLIC SCHOOLS http://cooper.livoniapublicschools.org 215-216 Annual Education Report BOARD OF EDUCATION 215-16 Colleen Burton, President Dianne Laura, Vice President Tammy Bonifield, Secretary

More information

Standards Alignment... 5 Safe Science... 9 Scientific Inquiry Assembling Rubber Band Books... 15

Standards Alignment... 5 Safe Science... 9 Scientific Inquiry Assembling Rubber Band Books... 15 Standards Alignment... 5 Safe Science... 9 Scientific Inquiry... 11 Assembling Rubber Band Books... 15 Organisms and Environments Plants Are Producers... 17 Producing a Producer... 19 The Part Plants Play...

More information

Wildlife, Fisheries, & Conservation Biology

Wildlife, Fisheries, & Conservation Biology Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, & Conservation Biology The Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, & Conservation Biology in the College of Natural Sciences, Forestry and Agriculture offers graduate study

More information

Programme Specification. BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT

Programme Specification. BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT Programme Specification BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT D GUIDE SEPTEMBER 2016 ROYAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, CIRENCESTER PROGRAMME SPECIFICATION BSc (Hons) RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT NB The information contained

More information

Alignment of Australian Curriculum Year Levels to the Scope and Sequence of Math-U-See Program

Alignment of Australian Curriculum Year Levels to the Scope and Sequence of Math-U-See Program Alignment of s to the Scope and Sequence of Math-U-See Program This table provides guidance to educators when aligning levels/resources to the Australian Curriculum (AC). The Math-U-See levels do not address

More information

The Boston Zoning Variance Database

The Boston Zoning Variance Database The Boston Zoning Variance Database From Clark Broida's MCP Thesis, 6/87 Main Table (ZONING) Field # Field Name dbaseiii+ Type dbaseiii+ Width ORACLE Type Field Description and Explanation of Codes PART

More information

Measures of the Location of the Data

Measures of the Location of the Data OpenStax-CNX module m46930 1 Measures of the Location of the Data OpenStax College This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 The common measures

More information

Update Peer and Aspirant Institutions

Update Peer and Aspirant Institutions Update Peer and Aspirant Institutions Prepared for Southern University at Shreveport January 2015 In the following report, Hanover Research describes the methodology used to identify Southern University

More information

Status of Women of Color in Science, Engineering, and Medicine

Status of Women of Color in Science, Engineering, and Medicine Status of Women of Color in Science, Engineering, and Medicine The figures and tables below are based upon the latest publicly available data from AAMC, NSF, Department of Education and the US Census Bureau.

More information

learning collegiate assessment]

learning collegiate assessment] [ collegiate learning assessment] INSTITUTIONAL REPORT 2005 2006 Kalamazoo College council for aid to education 215 lexington avenue floor 21 new york new york 10016-6023 p 212.217.0700 f 212.661.9766

More information

Keystone Opportunity Zone

Keystone Opportunity Zone BEGINNING OF PART 2 OF 6 PARTS The Keystone Opportunity Zone, Zone created in 1999, 1999 became accessible to auto traffic with the completion of Keystone Boulevard in 2003. It is zoned for offices and

More information

Teacher Supply and Demand in the State of Wyoming

Teacher Supply and Demand in the State of Wyoming Teacher Supply and Demand in the State of Wyoming Supply Demand Prepared by Robert Reichardt 2002 McREL To order copies of Teacher Supply and Demand in the State of Wyoming, contact McREL: Mid-continent

More information

Algebra 2- Semester 2 Review

Algebra 2- Semester 2 Review Name Block Date Algebra 2- Semester 2 Review Non-Calculator 5.4 1. Consider the function f x 1 x 2. a) Describe the transformation of the graph of y 1 x. b) Identify the asymptotes. c) What is the domain

More information

The Netherlands. Jeroen Huisman. Introduction

The Netherlands. Jeroen Huisman. Introduction 4 The Netherlands Jeroen Huisman Introduction Looking solely at the legislation, one could claim that the Dutch higher education system has been officially known as a binary system since 1986. At that

More information

Measurement and statistical modeling of the urban heat island of the city of Utrecht (the Netherlands)

Measurement and statistical modeling of the urban heat island of the city of Utrecht (the Netherlands) Measurement and statistical modeling of the urban heat island of the city of Utrecht (the Netherlands) Theo Brandsma, Dirk Wolters Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, The Netherlands Reporter

More information

CONSTRUCTION OF AN ACHIEVEMENT TEST Introduction One of the important duties of a teacher is to observe the student in the classroom, laboratory and

CONSTRUCTION OF AN ACHIEVEMENT TEST Introduction One of the important duties of a teacher is to observe the student in the classroom, laboratory and CONSTRUCTION OF AN ACHIEVEMENT TEST Introduction One of the important duties of a teacher is to observe the student in the classroom, laboratory and in other settings. He may also make use of tests in

More information

Digital Fabrication and Aunt Sarah: Enabling Quadratic Explorations via Technology. Michael L. Connell University of Houston - Downtown

Digital Fabrication and Aunt Sarah: Enabling Quadratic Explorations via Technology. Michael L. Connell University of Houston - Downtown Digital Fabrication and Aunt Sarah: Enabling Quadratic Explorations via Technology Michael L. Connell University of Houston - Downtown Sergei Abramovich State University of New York at Potsdam Introduction

More information

OVERVIEW Getty Center Richard Meier Robert Irwin J. Paul Getty Museum Getty Research Institute Getty Conservation Institute Getty Foundation

OVERVIEW Getty Center Richard Meier Robert Irwin J. Paul Getty Museum Getty Research Institute Getty Conservation Institute Getty Foundation OVERVIEW LOS ANGELES Since opening its doors in 1997, the Getty Center has welcomed over 15 million visitors and become a cultural destination that has played a key role in helping Los Angeles become an

More information

The Good Judgment Project: A large scale test of different methods of combining expert predictions

The Good Judgment Project: A large scale test of different methods of combining expert predictions The Good Judgment Project: A large scale test of different methods of combining expert predictions Lyle Ungar, Barb Mellors, Jon Baron, Phil Tetlock, Jaime Ramos, Sam Swift The University of Pennsylvania

More information

ILLINOIS DISTRICT REPORT CARD

ILLINOIS DISTRICT REPORT CARD -6-525-2- HAZEL CREST SD 52-5 HAZEL CREST SD 52-5 HAZEL CREST, ILLINOIS and federal laws require public school districts to release report cards to the public each year. 2 7 ILLINOIS DISTRICT REPORT CARD

More information

MODULE FRAMEWORK AND ASSESSMENT SHEET

MODULE FRAMEWORK AND ASSESSMENT SHEET MODULE FRAMEWORK AND ASSESSMENT SHEET LEARNING OUTCOMES (LOS) ASSESSMENT STANDARDS (ASS) FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT ASs Pages and (mark out of ) LOs (ave. out of ) SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT Tasks or tests Ave for

More information

Primary National Curriculum Alignment for Wales

Primary National Curriculum Alignment for Wales Mathletics and the Welsh Curriculum This alignment document lists all Mathletics curriculum activities associated with each Wales course, and demonstrates how these fit within the National Curriculum Programme

More information

Educational Attainment

Educational Attainment A Demographic and Socio-Economic Profile of Allen County, Indiana based on the 2010 Census and the American Community Survey Educational Attainment A Review of Census Data Related to the Educational Attainment

More information

ILLINOIS DISTRICT REPORT CARD

ILLINOIS DISTRICT REPORT CARD -6-525-2- Hazel Crest SD 52-5 Hazel Crest SD 52-5 Hazel Crest, ILLINOIS 2 8 ILLINOIS DISTRICT REPORT CARD and federal laws require public school districts to release report cards to the public each year.

More information

Written by Wendy Osterman

Written by Wendy Osterman Pre-Algebra Written by Wendy Osterman Editor: Alaska Hults Illustrator: Corbin Hillam Designer/Production: Moonhee Pak/Cari Helstrom Cover Designer: Barbara Peterson Art Director: Tom Cochrane Project

More information

Audit Of Teaching Assignments. An Integrated Analysis of Teacher Educational Background and Courses Taught October 2007

Audit Of Teaching Assignments. An Integrated Analysis of Teacher Educational Background and Courses Taught October 2007 Audit Of Teaching Assignments October 2007 Audit Of Teaching Assignments Audit of Teaching Assignments Crown copyright, Province of Nova Scotia, 2007 The contents of this publication may be reproduced

More information

16.1 Lesson: Putting it into practice - isikhnas

16.1 Lesson: Putting it into practice - isikhnas BAB 16 Module: Using QGIS in animal health The purpose of this module is to show how QGIS can be used to assist in animal health scenarios. In order to do this, you will have needed to study, and be familiar

More information

Mathacle PSet Stats, Concepts in Statistics and Probability Level Number Name: Date:

Mathacle PSet Stats, Concepts in Statistics and Probability Level Number Name: Date: 1 st Quarterly Exam ~ Sampling, Designs, Exploring Data and Regression Part 1 Review I. SAMPLING MC I-1.) [APSTATSMC2014-6M] Approximately 52 percent of all recent births were boys. In a simple random

More information

AGS THE GREAT REVIEW GAME FOR PRE-ALGEBRA (CD) CORRELATED TO CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARDS

AGS THE GREAT REVIEW GAME FOR PRE-ALGEBRA (CD) CORRELATED TO CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARDS AGS THE GREAT REVIEW GAME FOR PRE-ALGEBRA (CD) CORRELATED TO CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARDS 1 CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARDS: Chapter 1 ALGEBRA AND WHOLE NUMBERS Algebra and Functions 1.4 Students use algebraic

More information

COMMUNITY VITALITY DIRECTOR

COMMUNITY VITALITY DIRECTOR THE CITY OF WEBSTER CITY IS SEEKING TO FILL THE POSITION OF COMMUNITY VITALITY DIRECTOR SALARY: $46,000 53,000 (D.O.Q.) PLUS, COMPETITIVE BENEFITS PACKAGE THE CITY OF WEBSTER CITY IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY

More information

Western Australia s General Practice Workforce Analysis Update

Western Australia s General Practice Workforce Analysis Update Western Australia s General Practice Workforce Analysis Update NOVEMBER 2015 PUBLISHED MAY 2016 Rural Health West This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no

More information

Mathematics process categories

Mathematics process categories Mathematics process categories All of the UK curricula define multiple categories of mathematical proficiency that require students to be able to use and apply mathematics, beyond simple recall of facts

More information

CLASSROOM USE AND UTILIZATION by Ira Fink, Ph.D., FAIA

CLASSROOM USE AND UTILIZATION by Ira Fink, Ph.D., FAIA Originally published in the May/June 2002 issue of Facilities Manager, published by APPA. CLASSROOM USE AND UTILIZATION by Ira Fink, Ph.D., FAIA Ira Fink is president of Ira Fink and Associates, Inc.,

More information

jpr / report Learning Disabilities: Understanding their prevalence in the British Jewish community L. Daniel Staetsky

jpr / report Learning Disabilities: Understanding their prevalence in the British Jewish community L. Daniel Staetsky jpr / report Institute for Jewish Policy Research February 2017 Learning Disabilities: Understanding their prevalence in the British Jewish community L. Daniel Staetsky The Institute for Jewish Policy

More information

ECON 365 fall papers GEOS 330Z fall papers HUMN 300Z fall papers PHIL 370 fall papers

ECON 365 fall papers GEOS 330Z fall papers HUMN 300Z fall papers PHIL 370 fall papers Assessing Critical Thinking in GE In Spring 2016 semester, the GE Curriculum Advisory Board (CAB) engaged in assessment of Critical Thinking (CT) across the General Education program. The assessment was

More information

Shelters Elementary School

Shelters Elementary School Shelters Elementary School August 2, 24 Dear Parents and Community Members: We are pleased to present you with the (AER) which provides key information on the 23-24 educational progress for the Shelters

More information

2012 ACT RESULTS BACKGROUND

2012 ACT RESULTS BACKGROUND Report from the Office of Student Assessment 31 November 29, 2012 2012 ACT RESULTS AUTHOR: Douglas G. Wren, Ed.D., Assessment Specialist Department of Educational Leadership and Assessment OTHER CONTACT

More information

Curriculum Design Project with Virtual Manipulatives. Gwenanne Salkind. George Mason University EDCI 856. Dr. Patricia Moyer-Packenham

Curriculum Design Project with Virtual Manipulatives. Gwenanne Salkind. George Mason University EDCI 856. Dr. Patricia Moyer-Packenham Curriculum Design Project with Virtual Manipulatives Gwenanne Salkind George Mason University EDCI 856 Dr. Patricia Moyer-Packenham Spring 2006 Curriculum Design Project with Virtual Manipulatives Table

More information

NET LEASE INVESTMENT OFFERING. ATI Physical Therapy 4765 Jackson Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103

NET LEASE INVESTMENT OFFERING. ATI Physical Therapy 4765 Jackson Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 ATI Physical Therapy 4765 Jackson Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Executive Profile Executive Summary Investment Highlights Property Overview II. Location Overview Photographs

More information

Rwanda. Out of School Children of the Population Ages Percent Out of School 10% Number Out of School 217,000

Rwanda. Out of School Children of the Population Ages Percent Out of School 10% Number Out of School 217,000 Rwanda Out of School Children of the Population Ages 7-14 Number Out of School 217, Percent Out of School % Source: Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2 Comparison of Rates of Out of School Children Ages

More information

School Size and the Quality of Teaching and Learning

School Size and the Quality of Teaching and Learning School Size and the Quality of Teaching and Learning An Analysis of Relationships between School Size and Assessments of Factors Related to the Quality of Teaching and Learning in Primary Schools Undertaken

More information

Math-U-See Correlation with the Common Core State Standards for Mathematical Content for Third Grade

Math-U-See Correlation with the Common Core State Standards for Mathematical Content for Third Grade Math-U-See Correlation with the Common Core State Standards for Mathematical Content for Third Grade The third grade standards primarily address multiplication and division, which are covered in Math-U-See

More information

Coral Reef Fish Survey Simulation

Coral Reef Fish Survey Simulation Your web browser (Safari 7) is out of date. For more security, comfort and Activitydevelop the best experience on this site: Update your browser Ignore Coral Reef Fish Survey Simulation How do scientists

More information

May To print or download your own copies of this document visit Name Date Eurovision Numeracy Assignment

May To print or download your own copies of this document visit  Name Date Eurovision Numeracy Assignment 1. An estimated one hundred and twenty five million people across the world watch the Eurovision Song Contest every year. Write this number in figures. 2. Complete the table below. 2004 2005 2006 2007

More information

University of North Dakota

University of North Dakota ARTICULATION AGREEMENT AND TRANSFER GUIDE University of North Dakota and Spokane Falls Community College - - - - ARTICULATION AGREEMENT University of North Dakota and Spokane Falls Community College University

More information

Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. Title I Comparability

Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. Title I Comparability Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education Title I Comparability 2009-2010 Title I provides federal financial assistance to school districts to provide supplemental educational services

More information

The quality of education: some policy suggestions based on a survey of schools. Mauritius

The quality of education: some policy suggestions based on a survey of schools. Mauritius SACMEQ Policy Research: Report No. 1 Series Editor: Kenneth N. Ross The quality of education: some policy suggestions based on a survey of schools Mauritius by Ministry Dhurumbeer Kulpoo of Education and

More information

Chapters 1-5 Cumulative Assessment AP Statistics November 2008 Gillespie, Block 4

Chapters 1-5 Cumulative Assessment AP Statistics November 2008 Gillespie, Block 4 Chapters 1-5 Cumulative Assessment AP Statistics Name: November 2008 Gillespie, Block 4 Part I: Multiple Choice This portion of the test will determine 60% of your overall test grade. Each question is

More information

Iowa School District Profiles. Le Mars

Iowa School District Profiles. Le Mars Iowa School District Profiles Overview This profile describes enrollment trends, student performance, income levels, population, and other characteristics of the public school district. The report utilizes

More information

Ohio s Learning Standards-Clear Learning Targets

Ohio s Learning Standards-Clear Learning Targets Ohio s Learning Standards-Clear Learning Targets Math Grade 1 Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving situations of 1.OA.1 adding to, taking from, putting together, taking

More information

SPATIAL SENSE : TRANSLATING CURRICULUM INNOVATION INTO CLASSROOM PRACTICE

SPATIAL SENSE : TRANSLATING CURRICULUM INNOVATION INTO CLASSROOM PRACTICE SPATIAL SENSE : TRANSLATING CURRICULUM INNOVATION INTO CLASSROOM PRACTICE Kate Bennie Mathematics Learning and Teaching Initiative (MALATI) Sarie Smit Centre for Education Development, University of Stellenbosch

More information

National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Wave III Education Data

National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Wave III Education Data National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health Wave III Education Data Primary Codebook Chandra Muller, Jennifer Pearson, Catherine Riegle-Crumb, Jennifer Harris Requejo, Kenneth A. Frank, Kathryn S.

More information

2013 TRIAL URBAN DISTRICT ASSESSMENT (TUDA) RESULTS

2013 TRIAL URBAN DISTRICT ASSESSMENT (TUDA) RESULTS 3 TRIAL URBAN DISTRICT ASSESSMENT (TUDA) RESULTS Achievement and Accountability Office December 3 NAEP: The Gold Standard The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is administered in reading

More information

The University of Michigan-Flint. The Committee on the Economic Status of the Faculty. Annual Report to the Regents. June 2007

The University of Michigan-Flint. The Committee on the Economic Status of the Faculty. Annual Report to the Regents. June 2007 The University of Michigan-Flint The Committee on the Economic Status of the Faculty Annual Report to the Regents June 2007 Committee Chair: Stephen Turner (College of Arts and Sciences) Regular Members:

More information

Effectiveness of McGraw-Hill s Treasures Reading Program in Grades 3 5. October 21, Research Conducted by Empirical Education Inc.

Effectiveness of McGraw-Hill s Treasures Reading Program in Grades 3 5. October 21, Research Conducted by Empirical Education Inc. Effectiveness of McGraw-Hill s Treasures Reading Program in Grades 3 5 October 21, 2010 Research Conducted by Empirical Education Inc. Executive Summary Background. Cognitive demands on student knowledge

More information

Functional Skills Mathematics Level 2 assessment

Functional Skills Mathematics Level 2 assessment Functional Skills Mathematics Level 2 assessment www.cityandguilds.com September 2015 Version 1.0 Marking scheme ONLINE V2 Level 2 Sample Paper 4 Mark Represent Analyse Interpret Open Fixed S1Q1 3 3 0

More information

Edexcel GCSE. Statistics 1389 Paper 1H. June Mark Scheme. Statistics Edexcel GCSE

Edexcel GCSE. Statistics 1389 Paper 1H. June Mark Scheme. Statistics Edexcel GCSE Edexcel GCSE Statistics 1389 Paper 1H June 2007 Mark Scheme Edexcel GCSE Statistics 1389 NOTES ON MARKING PRINCIPLES 1 Types of mark M marks: method marks A marks: accuracy marks B marks: unconditional

More information

Chapter 9 Banked gap-filling

Chapter 9 Banked gap-filling Chapter 9 Banked gap-filling This testing technique is known as banked gap-filling, because you have to choose the appropriate word from a bank of alternatives. In a banked gap-filling task, similarly

More information

https://secure.aacte.org/apps/peds/print_all_forms.php?view=report&prin...

https://secure.aacte.org/apps/peds/print_all_forms.php?view=report&prin... 1 of 35 4/25/2012 9:56 AM A» 2011 PEDS» Institutional Data inst id: 3510 Institutional Data A_1 Institutional Information This information will be used in all official references to your institution. Institution

More information

(I couldn t find a Smartie Book) NEW Grade 5/6 Mathematics: (Number, Statistics and Probability) Title Smartie Mathematics

(I couldn t find a Smartie Book) NEW Grade 5/6 Mathematics: (Number, Statistics and Probability) Title Smartie Mathematics (I couldn t find a Smartie Book) NEW Grade 5/6 Mathematics: (Number, Statistics and Probability) Title Smartie Mathematics Lesson/ Unit Description Questions: How many Smarties are in a box? Is it the

More information

Principal vacancies and appointments

Principal vacancies and appointments Principal vacancies and appointments 2009 10 Sally Robertson New Zealand Council for Educational Research NEW ZEALAND COUNCIL FOR EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH TE RŪNANGA O AOTEAROA MŌ TE RANGAHAU I TE MĀTAURANGA

More information

KS1 Transport Objectives

KS1 Transport Objectives KS1 Transport Y1: Number and Place Value Count to and across 100, forwards and backwards, beginning with 0 or 1, or from any given number Count, read and write numbers to 100 in numerals; count in multiples

More information