Classifications of Nouns

Transcription

1 Classifications of Nouns Common Nouns Common nouns are used to name a GENERAL ty Common nouns can be divided into smaller c concrete and abstract nouns and collective nouns. Examples of common nouns: girl, city, animal, friend, h Proper Nouns Proper nouns are used to name a SPECIFIC per with a capital letter. Proper nouns do not normally have a determiner there are some exceptions (e.g. Is she the Mary th Examples of proper nouns: John, London, Pluto, Mond Compound Nouns

2 Our class took a field trip to the natural history m The herd of bison ran across the prairie, leaving a We waited anxiously for the jury to come to a ve This year s basketball team includes three player Napoleon s army was finally defeated at Waterlo The town council has approved plans to create a n He comes from a huge family: he s the oldest of The rock group has been on tour for months. Everyone in the audience applauded loudly when List Of Collective Nouns Given Below.. Concrete Nouns Concrete nouns are nouns which refer to people of the senses can detect (can be seen, felt, heard, s Examples of concrete nouns: dog, tree, apple, moon, co Abstract Nouns

3 D) Many uncountable nouns refer to abstra Example:- love, sadness, happiness, education, knowled Money can't buy love. We like to experience happiness. This education is priceless. E) You can use a/an with singular countab Example:- an umbrella, a wheel, a mistake. It's raining so I need an umbrella. I made a mistake. This is a job for superman. F) You can use plural countable nouns alon Example:- apples, bees, clouds. There are clouds in the sky today. There are bees making honey. We eat apples for breakfast.

4 suitcases. These chairs are mine. It was a good suggestion. Collective A collective noun is a word that refers to a set or Collective Nouns are sometimes called Group No Collective nouns are often followed by OF + PLU Example:- a bunch of flowers, a flock of seagulls, a set o Groups of people working together Staff: the people who work in a company or place of wo Cast: the actors in a certain movie or play. Company: a group of actors that usually perform togeth Crew: all the working members on a ship or plane. Team: a group of individuals playing on the same side g Platoon: a group of soldiers being commanded by a lieu Groups of people in general

5 Singular P Singular P car c house h book b bird b pencil p However: 1. When the noun ends in S, SH, CH, X or Z*, we ad kiss wish match fox quiz k w m fo q I have a box in my bedroom. I have three boxes in my bedroom.

6 life leaf thief wife l l t w Some exceptions: roof - roofs, cliff - cliffs, chief - chiefs 5. If the noun ends in a CONSONANT + O, we norma Singular P tomato potato echo hero to p e h Some exceptions: piano - pianos, halo - halos, photo - ph NOTE: Volcano has two correct forms of plural. Both vo

7 8. If the noun ends in IS, we change it to ES. Words Singular P analysis a basis b crisis c 9. If the noun ends in US, we change it to I. Words t Singular cactus fungus stimulus syllabus Some exceptions: octupus - octupuses (because i Noun + To B Nouns are words that name things. Some common nouns languages, cities and countries.

8 A mosquito is an insect. (AN before vowel) Qantas is an airline. (AN before vowel) Plural Noun + Are + Plural Noun Singular Noun + IS + Singular Noun Plural Noun + ARE + Plural Noun Note that we do not use an article (A / AN) with a plural For example: A dog is an animal. (singular) Dogs are animals. (plural) Spanish is a language. (singular) Spanish and Italian are languages. (plural) Cities are places. (plural) Countries are states. (plural) Possessive Case - Genitive Cas Also called the possessive case, the genitive case is when something belongs to another or a type of relationship be Example: Woodward s house, Your brother s friend

9 You can usually distinguish whether the speaker is referr of what the speaker says. 3. Plural nouns not ending in s: add 's Be careful not to trip over the children s toys. (= t The women s bathroom is currently flooded with The presidential candidate is often called the peop 4. Singular noun ending in s: a. Most names: add 's (apostrophe S) They had a really good time at James s barbecue We spent the day admiring Frances s new car. b. Classical or religious names: add ' (only the apo Jesus disciples carried out the teachings of Jesus Sophocles plays are still performed today. 5. Possessive nouns as part of a phrase

10 FORMING THE P Smoking is bad for your health. (gerund a A popular hobby in England is stamp-coll I dislike shopping. (gerund as object) Gerunds are not difficult to use as subjects or complem when the learner wants to use the verb-noun as an obj infinitive is required. Here are some examples of the vari She doesn't enjoy working on Sundays. (gerun She objects to working on Sundays. (gerund o She agreed to work on Sunday. (infinitive onl She hates to work on Sundays. / She hates possible: same meaning) She stopped eating. (gerund - meaning: she di She stopped to eat. (infinitive - meaning: she This is a difficult aspect of English grammar. The learn make the correct choice of gerund or infinitive.

11 America has some gold reserves. = They are Ame The possessive can also express where someone w The possessive can also express where someone w Examples: John goes to this school. = This is John's school. John sleeps in this room. = This is John's room. The possessive can express a relationship betwee The possessive can express a relationship between Examples: John's mother is running late. Mrs Brown's colleague will not be coming to the The possessive can express intangible things as w The possessive can express intangible things as w Examples: John's patience is running out.

12 Questions For 1. The parliament is divided on the bill. Explanation: The parliament is divided, it is not being d constituents. Hence, use plural verb. The parliament are 2. His brother committed thiefhood in his house. Explanation: The abstract noun from common noun thie theft in his house. 3. He wears glass to aid his short sighted eye. Explanation: This sentence intends is spectacles made o glasses to aid his short sighted eye.

13 Explanation: In this sentence, it is talking of persons fro practice means exercise of a profession. This meaning do varies from those of the doctors. 9. The bright lamps gave much lights. Explanation: If one light gives light, do you think two li does not have plural form. The bright lamps gave much 10. Devi is Anand of our chess class. Explanation: Devi is not Viswanathan Anand. Anand h our chess class. 11. You will be promoted in the time of a year. Explanation: Possessive is used with nouns denoting tim

14 Explanation: Aurangzeb s religious bigotism caused sev 17. The tin is a precious metal. Explanation: Tin is a material noun. A material noun do metal. 18. The mildwoman said that she would not supp Explanation: The feminine for milkman is milkmaid, no not supply milk on holidays. 19. The team camped at Namkum. They followed Explanation: Team like army is a collective noun. Colle pronoun it. The team camped at Namkum. It followed a

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