CONTENTS. Present and Past: Simple and Progressive. Present and Past: Perfect and Perfect Progressive. UNIT 1 Family 2. UNIT 2 Passions 30

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1 3 CONTENTS Inside a Unit x Acknowledgments Credits xvii xvi UNIT 1 Family 2 Present and Past: Simple and Progressive LESSON 1: Simple Present and Present Progressive 4 Reading: The Family Life of Lowland Gorillas Simple Present and Present Progressive Review More Present Progressive 7 LESSON 2: Stative Verbs 12 Reading: The Shrinking Families of Brazil Stative Verbs Stative Verbs: Stative and Active Meanings 15 LESSON 3: Simple Past and Past Progressive 18 Reading: Notes from the Twins Days Festival Simple Past and Past Progressive Review Past Time Clauses with When and While Review the Grammar 26 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Response to an Essay Question 28 UNIT 2 Passions 30 Present and Past: Perfect and Perfect Progressive LESSON 1: Present Perfect 32 Reading: Paul Nicklen s Polar Obsession Present Perfect Present Perfect with For and Since Present Perfect and Simple Past 36 LESSON 2: Present Perfect Progressive and Present Perfect 41 Reading: Helen Thayer: A Lifelong Adventurer Present Perfect Progressive Present Perfect Progressive and Present Perfect 44 LESSON 3: Past Perfect and Past Perfect Progressive 48 Reading: Daring. Defiant. Free Past Perfect Past Perfect Progressive 51 Review the Grammar 58 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Personal Narrative 60

2 UNIT 3 A Look Into the Future 62 The Future LESSON 1: Will, Be Going To, Present Progressive, and Simple Present 64 Reading: Will Robots Be Our Friends One Day? Review of Will and Be Going To Review of Present Progressive and Simple Present for the Future 67 LESSON 2: Future Time Clauses 71 Reading: Clever Clothes Future Time Clauses Future Time Clauses: After, As Soon As, Before, Once, Until, When, and While 74 LESSON 3: Future: Progressive, Perfect, and Perfect Progressive 78 Reading: Jobs for the Future Future Progressive Future Perfect and Future Perfect Progressive 81 Review the Grammar 86 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write an Opinion about the Future 88 UNIT 4 exploration 90 Negative Yes/No Questions; Statement and Tag Questions LESSON 1: Negative Yes/No Questions and Statement Questions 92 Reading: Mars on Earth Negative Yes/No Questions Statement Questions 95 LESSON 2: Tag Questions; Answers to Tag Questions 101 Reading: Børge Ousland, Norwegian Explorer Tag Questions Answering Tag Questions 104 Review the Grammar 109 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Scene from a Story 112 iv

3 UNIT 5 stages of Life 114 Nouns, Articles, and Subject-Verb Agreement LESSON 1: Count and Non-Count Nouns; Quantity Expressions 116 Reading: Naming Customs Count and Non-Count Nouns Quantity Expressions with Count and Non-Count Nouns 120 LESSON 2: Articles 124 Reading: The Science of the Teenage Brain Articles: Specific and Nonspecific Articles: Making Generalizations 127 LESSON 3: Subject-Verb Agreement 131 Reading: How Long Will You Live? Subject-Verb Agreement More Subject-Verb Agreement 134 Review the Grammar 138 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Narrative about a Risk 140 UNIT 6 Wellness 142 Gerunds and Infinitives LESSON 1: Gerunds: Review and Expand 144 Reading: The Mysteries of Sleep Gerunds as Subjects and Objects Gerunds as Objects of Prepositions Gerunds with Nouns and Special Expressions 147 LESSON 2: Infinitives: Review and Expand 152 Reading: Medical Riches in the Rainforests Infinitives: Verb (+ Object) + Infinitive Verbs Followed by Gerund or Infinitive without a Change in Meaning Verbs Followed by Gerund or Infinitive with a Change in Meaning 156 LESSON 3: More about Gerunds and Infinitives 161 Reading: The Guitar Man Infinitives after the Subject It; Infinitives after Adjectives Too and Enough with Infinitives Infinitives of Purpose 165 Review the Grammar 170 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Product Review 172 v

4 UNIT 7 Globe trotting 174 Modals: Part 1 LESSON 1: Necessity, Prohibition, Obligation, and Expectation 176 Reading: Best Dive Vacations International Expressing Necessity and Prohibition Obligation and Expectation: Be Supposed To 180 LESSON 2: Ability 184 Reading: Traveling Feet Expressing Ability: Present and Future Expressing Ability: Past Be Able To: Gerunds, Infinitives, and with Modals 188 LESSON 3: Advice, Regret, and Criticism 191 Reading: WWOOFing It! Asking for or Giving Advice Expresssing Regret or Criticism: Should Have + Past Participle 195 Review the Grammar 200 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write an Informative Text 204 UNIT 8 our Mysterious World 206 Modals: Part 2 LESSON 1: Possibility and Logical Conclusions: Present and Future 208 Reading: The Weather That Nobody Forecast Possibility: Present and Future Logical Conclusions: Present and Future Possibility and Logical Conclusions: Progressive 213 LESSON 2: Possibility and Logical Conclusions: Past 216 Reading: The Emperor s Terra Cotta Army Possibility: Past Logical Conclusions: Past Possibility and Logical Conclusions: Past Progressive 222 Review the Grammar 229 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Family History 232 UNIT 9 the natural World 234 The Passive LESSON 1: The Passive; Passive with Modals 236 Reading: Sylvia Earle and the Deep Blue Sea Active and Passive Passive with Modals 240 LESSON 2: Using the Passive 246 Reading: Night Gardens Using the Passive Using By with the Passive 249 vi

5 LESSON 3: Passive Gerunds and Infinitives; Get Passives 254 Reading: Hurricane Hunters Passive Gerunds and Passive Infinitives Get Passives 257 Review the Grammar 261 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write an Informative Essay 264 UNIT 10 Beauty and Appearance 266 Causative Verb Patterns and Phrasal Verbs LESSON 1: Have, Let, Make, Get, and Help 268 Reading: Who s the Loveliest of Them All? Have, Let, and Make Get and Help 271 LESSON 2: Passive Causative 275 Reading: Looking Good in Ancient Egypt Passive Causative: Have Something Done Passive Causative: Get Something Done 278 LESSON 3: Phrasal Verbs 282 Reading: Funny-Looking or Beautiful? Phrasal Verbs: Transitive and Intransitive Transitive Phrasal Verbs: Separable and Inseparable 285 Review the Grammar 290 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Blog Entry 292 UNIT 11 the Power of Images 294 Relative Clauses LESSON 1: Subject Relative Clauses 296 Reading: Myphotospace Subject Relative Clauses Non-Identifying Subject Relative Clauses Relative Clauses with Whose 302 LESSON 2: Object Relative Clauses 308 Reading: A Look Inside: Shooting the Real Story Object Relative Clauses Object Relative Clauses with Prepositions 312 LESSON 3: Relative Clauses: Reduced, with Where and When 318 Reading: Bollywood News: The Changing Face of Bollywood Reduced Relative Clauses Relative Clauses with Where and When 322 Review the Grammar 327 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Movie Review 330 vii

6 UNIT 12 the Rise of the City 332 Adverb Clauses LESSON 1: Adverb Clauses 334 Reading: Triumph of the City Adverb Clauses of Time Adverb Clauses of Contrast Adverb Clauses of Reason and Purpose 339 LESSON 2: Reduced Adverb Clauses 345 Reading: Amsterdam: A Cyclist s Dream Reduced Adverb Clauses of Time Reduced Adverb Clauses of Reason 348 Review the Grammar 352 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write about a City Project 354 UNIT 13 Choices 356 Conditionals LESSON 1: Present and Future Real Conditionals 358 Reading: Making Decisions: Are You in Control? Present Real Conditionals Future Real Conditionals 362 LESSON 2: Present and Future Unreal Conditionals; Wish 366 Reading: Back to Life Present and Future Unreal Conditionals Wish + Simple Past/Would 369 LESSON 3: Past Unreal Conditionals; Wish 377 Reading: 21,000 Miles, 3 Miles per Hour Past Unreal Conditionals Wish + Past Perfect 380 Review the Grammar 385 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Personal Essay 388 viii

7 UNIT 14 Food 390 Noun Clauses and Reported Speech LESSON 1: Noun Clauses 392 Reading: The Power of a Hot Meal Noun Clauses with That Noun Clauses with If and Whether Noun Clauses with Wh- Words 396 LESSON 2: Reported Speech: Part Reading: Flavor and the Senses: Can we taste with our ears and eyes? Reported Speech: Statements Reported Speech: Modals Reported Speech: Questions 408 LESSON 3: Reported Speech: Part Reading: Baking in Ravello Reported Speech: Commands, Advice, and Requests Reported Speech: Time and Place Changes 415 Review the Grammar 419 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write about Results of a Survey 422 UNIT 15 Learning 424 Combining Ideas LESSON 1: Transition Words 426 Reading: Where Are the Aliens? Contrast: However, Nevertheless, On the Other Hand Result: As a Result, Therefore, Thus Addition: In Addition, Moreover 431 LESSON 2: Prepositional Phrases: Cause and Effect, Contrast 436 Reading: Let Learning Happen Cause and Effect: As a Result of, Because of, Due to Cause and Effect: So/Such...That, So Many/Much...That Contrast: Despite, In Spite of 441 Review the Grammar 446 Connect the Grammar to Writing: Write a Persuasive Essay 450 Appendices A1 Glossary of Grammar Terms Index I1 Credits C1 G1 ix

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