Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives. Seventh Grade Grammar

Transcription

1 Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives Seventh Grade Grammar

2 Review- What is a noun? A noun names a person, place, thing, or an idea. Person Place Thing Idea (Katniss) (District 12) (Bow) (Bravery)

3 Collective Nouns Nouns that name groups of people or things. Club Herd rchestra Committee Class

4 Which of these are collective nouns? 1. Collar club fur 2. Team dish claw 3. Ball litter toys 4. Snout group paw 5. Ribbon brush class

5 Which of these are collective nouns? 1. Collar club fur 2. Team dish claw 3. Ball litter toys 4. Snout group paw 5. Ribbon brush class

6 Challenge WRITE YUR ANSWER N YUR PAPER. What is the difference between plural nouns and collective nouns? A plural noun represents more than one of something (elephants, birds). A collective noun is a singular noun that represents a group of things (a herd, a flock).

7 Compound Nouns A noun made up of two or more words Separate Words Hyphenated Words Post office Bull s-eye Flagship Middle school Daughter-in-law Railroad Combined Words Golden Gate Bridge Left-hander Doorknob

8 Practicing Identifying Nouns Complete exercises 1 and 2 on Workbook page 3

9 Common vs. Proper Nouns Common Noun: names any one of a class of people, places, and things; not capitalized Proper Noun: names a specific person, place, or thing; capitalized church VS Notre Dame

10 Types of Pronouns 7 th Grade Grammar

11 Antecedents of Pronouns The noun or group of nouns for which a pronoun stands. The firefighters explained how they did their jobs. Finally the rescue worker appeared. She appeared to be unharmed. How Kim was rescued is amazing. It is a story that will be told often. Everyone knows the truth. Indefinite pronoun Doesn t need an antecedent because its meaning is clear without one. The noun and its pronoun antecedent must always agree. Make sure that your reader can tell what antecedent the pronoun is referring to. Tom gave Jerry his pencils to take to his next class.

12 Personal Pronouns Refer to the person speaking (1 st ), the person being spoken to (2 nd ), or the person, place, or thing being spoken about (3 rd ). Singular Plural 1st I, me, my, mine We, us, our, ours 2 nd You, your, yours You, your, yours 3 rd He, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its They, them, their, theirs

13 Personal Pronouns Personal pronouns can be SUBJECTIVE (subject of sentence) you he or she it we they Personal pronouns can be BJECTIVE (direct object or object of preposition) me you him her it us them Personal pronouns can be PSSESSIVE my, mine your, yours, his her, hers its ours their, theirs

14 Practice with personal pronouns: Complete exercise 1 on page 7 of your workbook. Additionally, identify whether each pronoun is first, second, or third person. Also identify whether each pronoun is subjective, objective, or possessive.

15 Demonstrative Pronouns Points to a specific person, place, or thing Be careful: These words can also function as adjectives Singular Plural This That These Those Demonstrative pronouns are often used in infomercials.

16 Practice Demonstrative Pronouns Decide if it is a pronoun or an adjective. 1. This is my house. 2. This teddy bear is for sale. 3. These cats are cute. 4. These are the cutest cats. 5. Those dogs like to bark.

17 Interrogative Pronouns Interrogative pronouns are used to begin a question. What Which Who Whom Whose

18 Practice with Interrogative and Demonstrative Pronouns ing_grammar_08/grade7/exercise_ban k/chapter14/wag7_act_14-2b.cfm Practice Write 2 sentences using interrogative pronouns and 2 sentences using demonstrative pronouns.

19 Indefinite Pronouns Do not refer to a definite person or thing anybody Anybody can see the truth. anything Anything can happen if you just believe. either Either will do. enough Enough is enough. everybody Everybody was invited. little Little is known about this period of history. no one No one thinks that you are mean nothing Nothing is impossible. other ne was singing while the other played the piano. something Something makes me want to dance. whoever Whoever did this? whichever Choose whichever is better. both Both are guilty. several Several were chosen. most Most would agree. some Some of the biscuits have been eaten. such Such is life.

20 Indefinite Pronouns Practice: Complete Exercises 1 and 2 on workbook page 11.

21 More Pronoun Practice hool/writing_grammar_08/gra de8/exercise_bank/chapter14 /wag8_act_14-2c.cfm

22 Using Adjectives as Modifiers Adjectives modify (slightly change) nouns and pronouns. They tell more about the noun or pronoun: What kind? Which one? How many? How much? new car striped tie this swan every page one hamburger many geese no food little rain

23 Using Adjectives as Modifiers Practice: Workbook Page 21, Exercise 1

24 Using Articles Articles ALWAYS come before the noun or pronoun they modify. Articles answer the question Which one?. Definite article The refers to a specific person, place, or thing the canon the trumpeter swan Indefinite article Indefinite article A (for consonant sounds) An (for vowel sounds) point out a type of person, place, or thing, but do not refer to a specific one a yellow hat a happy time a onetime nesting area a unicorn an endangered bird an honest person an old map an uncle

25 Using Articles Distinguishing Between Definite and Indefinite Articles. Fill in each blank with the kind of article described in the parentheses. EXAMPLE: the large tiger (definite) 1. honorable person (indefinite) 2. new novel (definite) 3. elderly man (indefinite) 4. impossible undertaking (indefinite) 5. uniform with gold braid (indefinite) 6. old, stone castle (indefinite) 7. one-sided game (indefinite) 8. small, green parakeet (definite) 9. unwritten essay (indefinite) 10. road to success (definite)

26 Using Nouns as Adjectives Nouns can sometimes be used as adjectives. A noun used as an adjective usually comes directly before another noun. It answers the question What kind? r Which one? Examples: A shoe salesperson The waterfowl refuge Practice: Workbook Page 24, Exercise 2

27 Using Nouns and Pronouns as Adjectives A noun or pronoun is used as an adjective if it modifies a noun. Examples: The duck pond sometimes freezes. We see the ducklings on this side of the pond. Which ducks are males?

28 Using Nouns and Pronouns as Adjectives Possessive Adjectives: The personal pronouns my, your, his, her, its, our, and their are often used before nouns and answer the question Which one? They are pronouns because they have antecedents. Example: The ducks flapped their wings. Their is an adjective because it modifies wings. Their is also a pronoun because it replaces ducks.

29 Using Nouns and Pronouns as Adjectives Possessive Nouns: Possessive nouns function as adjectives when they modify a noun. Examples: The pond is on Mr. Smith s property. The duck s feathers are colorful.

30 Using Nouns and Pronouns as Adjectives Practice Workbook Page 27, Ex. 1 & 2 Write two sentences. Pick a noun and use it as a noun in one sentence and as an adjective in the second sentence.

31 Using Proper Adjectives A proper adjective is a proper noun used as an adjective: Examples: The Truman library Florida wetlands December weather R A proper adjective is an adjective formed from a proper noun Examples: American history Victorian ideas Practice: Workbook Page 26, Exercise 1

32 Using Demonstrative Adjectives Demonstrative pronouns (this, that, these, those) are often used as demonstrative adjectives. Adjective: These gulls are searching for food. Pronoun: What are these? Practice: Workbook pg. 29, Exercise 1

33 Using Interrogative Adjectives Interrogative pronouns (which, what, whose) are often used as interrogative adjectives. Adjective: Which parrot do you think he will buy? Pronoun: Which do you think he will choose? Practice: Workbook pg. 29, Exercise 2

34 More Practice with Pronouns No Pronoun Personal Indefinite Interrogative John laughed. The carriage turned into a huge orange pumpkin. Darren did not know where Darren s gifts were hidden. Molly s hair is different today. Grandma fixed tacos. He laughed. Someone laughed. Who laughed?

35 More Practice with Pronouns No Pronoun Personal Indefinite Interrogative John laughed. The carriage turned into a huge orange pumpkin. Darren did not know where Darren s gifts were hidden. Molly s hair is different today. Grandma fixed tacos. He laughed. It turned into a huge orange pumpkin. He did not know where his gifts were hidden. Her hair is different today. She fixed tacos. Someone laughed. Something turned into a huge orange pumpkin. Everyone knew where his gifts were hidden. Somebody s hair is different today. Someone fixed tacos. Who laughed? What turned into a huge orange pumpkin? Who did not know where his gifts were hidden? Whose hair is different today? Who fixed tacos?