ERROR-DETECTION, SELF-MONITORING AND SELF-REPAIR IN SPEECH PRODUCTION

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "ERROR-DETECTION, SELF-MONITORING AND SELF-REPAIR IN SPEECH PRODUCTION"

Transcription

1 ERROR-DETECTION, SELF-MONITORING AND SELF-REPAIR IN SPEECH PRODUCTION Stefanie Pillai Dept. of English Language, Faculty of Languages and Linguistics, University of Malaya ABSTRACT: Normal spontaneous speech is characterized by hesitation (silent pauses, filled pauses and prolongations) and self-repairs (repetitions, deletions, substitutions and insertions). The timings of self-repairs have been investigated to explain the processes involved in selfmonitoring and self-repair in the speech production process. Analyses of timings from the onset of an error to the interruption point (error-to-cut-off), and from the interruption point to the onset of a self-repair (cut-off-to-repair) found in the speech of 67 callers to a radio programme, support pre-articulatory monitoring of speech (Levelt, 1983, 1989). There also seems to be evidence of the planning of self-repairs taking place before the interruption point as indicated by a large number of cut-off-to-repair intervals of 0ms. INTRODUCTION Normal spontaneous speech contains hesitation, such as silent pauses, filled pauses and prolongations. There is also often evidence of some form of self-repair in such speech, where words or smaller units are repeated, deleted, substituted or inserted. Such phenomena occur as speakers plan and produce utterances. The fact that speakers hesitate and repair their speech (although the two need not occur together), provide valuable psycholinguistic information about how speakers monitor and repair their own speech within the process of speech production. In relation to this, errorto-cut-off intervals (measured from the onset of an error to the point at which speech is interrupted); and cut-off-to repair intervals (measured from the interruption point to the onset of the repair) have been investigated to explain how the processes of self-monitoring and self-repair work. These time intervals are shown in Figure 1. sometime back 1[in] 2 [ah] 3[near] the ah 1[horse] 2 3[horserace] area Figure 1. The interval between 1 (the error) and 2 (perceived interruption point) is the error-to-cut-off time. The interval between 2 and 3 (the onset of repair) is the cut-off-to repair time. Note that there can be an editing phase between 2 and 3 containing a silent or filled pause. Levelt (1983) found that errors were often interrupted very quickly, even at mid-segment. The implication of such quick interruptions was that the speaker could not have detected the error while attending to his overt speech. Thus, Levelt (1983, 1989) proposed that speakers monitor their inner speech. According to what is known as the main interruption rule, when an error is detected, whether internally or auditorily, speech is immediately interrupted (Nooteboom, 1980; Levelt, 1983). This means that short error-to-cut-off intervals are to be expected. Thus in an incremental model of speech production such as Levelt s, error-detection is followed by the decision to interrupt speech. This in turn is followed by the planning of the repair (repairplanning), which is thought to take place only upon interruption. If this is true, then short cut-off-torepair intervals should not be anticipated. This is contrary to the short cut-off-to-repair intervals found by Blackmer and Mitton (1991), suggesting that repair-planning must have occurred before speech was interrupted. The question then remains as to when repair-planning is initiated. Accepted after abstract review page 533

2 This paper seeks to examine error-to-cut-off and cut-off-to-repair intervals in naturally-occurring spontaneous speech to gain a better understanding of how error-detection and repair-planning work in self-repairs by answering two questions. First, do the error-to-cut-of intervals suggest prearticulatory monitoring? Second, do the cut-off-to-repair intervals allow for re-planning upon interruption? METHOD The data comprised the speech of 67 callers to an English radio programme. The callers were discussing topics set by the presenters. Only the conversational turns of the callers were analysed. The programmes were audio taped, and then transcribed orthographically. Instances of self-repairs in the transcripts were then coded. For this purpose, a self-repair was defined as the correction of errors without external prompting (Postma, 2000:98). The types of self-repairs that were coded were repetitions, deletions, substitutions and insertions (Lickley, 1998). Examples of such repairs from the data are shown in Figure 2. Types of Self- Repairs Previous Error Editing Phase Repair Continuation Repetitions it s quite em quite correct Deletions we don t have er I mean that is a.. Substitutions the w^ husbands is the general of the households Insertions no but I m what I m saying is Figure 2. Types of self-repairs, showing the error (e.g. phonetic, lexical, syntactic errors or inappropriate use), the editing phase and the repair, as well as what was said before (prior) and after (continuation) the self-repair Any form of hesitation that occurred in the self-repairs was also marked. These included silent pauses, filled pauses (including editing expressions like I mean) and prolonged syllables, which occurred before the interruption point. The parts of the data that contained self-repairs were then digitilised using the Computerized Speech Lab system. Spectrograms of these self-repairs were examined together with their related auditory playback. Following this, error-to-cut-off and cut-off-to-repair intervals were marked on the spectrograms, and measured. The cut-off may be preceded by a prolonged word and/or followed by an editing phase containing filled pauses and/ or silent pauses. RESULTS A total of 239 self-repairs were found in the data. These repairs comprised repetitions (55%), deletions (22%), substitutions (15%) and insertions (8%). Error-to-cut-off intervals The distribution of error-to-cut-off intervals for all the self-repairs had a mean of 347ms, s.d 231ms. The percentage of repairs that had error-to-cut-off intervals below 100ms was 6.7%, while 13.8% were below 150ms. All the four types of repairs had error-to-cut-off intervals below 150ms and 100ms as shown on Table 1. Accepted after abstract review page 534

3 Table 1. Error-to-cut-off intervals in self-repairs according to repair type. Repairs N Mean s.d. <100ms <150ms (ms) (ms) Repetitions Deletions Substitutions Insertions All Self-Repairs Table 2. Comparison of error-to-cut-off intervals found in the present study and in Blackmer and Mitton (1991). In order to compare the data with Blackmer and Mittons (1991) findings, a separate analysis was carried out by leaving out repetitions, which were considered as covert repairs in their study. Although Blackmer and Mitton categorised repairs differently, the percentage of error-to-cut-off intervals below 100ms and 150ms is around the same range as can be seen in Table 2. In other words, although the figures are small in both studies, short error-to-cut-off intervals do occur in selfrepairs. Error-tocut-off Present Study Blackmer and Mitton Mean (ms) s.d (ms) < ms <150ms Note. For the purpose of comparison the figures for the present study only consist of deletions, insertions and substitutions, since Blackmer and Mitton s overt repairs did not include repetitions. Cut-off-to-repair intervals The mean duration of cut-off-to repair intervals for self-repairs was 134ms, s.d 261ms. Most of the self-repairs had cut-off-to-repair intervals of less than 250ms (79.4%), with 71.1% of them being less than 100ms. In fact 67% of the self-repairs had cut-off to repair times of 0ms. In other words, the repair immediately followed the offset of the error (see examples in Figure 2). Table 3 shows that at least half or more of all the four types of self-repairs had cut-off-to-repair intervals of 0ms. Table 3. Cut-off-to-repair intervals in self-repairs according to repair type. Repairs N Mean s.d. 0ms <100ms <250ms (ms) (ms) Repetitions Deletions Substitutions Insertions All Self-Repairs The results were compared to the overt repairs in Blackmer and Mitton (1991). In order to do this, repetitions were once again omitted from the figures. Blackmer and Mitton reported a mean of 332ms, s.d.282 for all their overt repairs, with 48.6% of the overt repairs having cut-off-to-repair Accepted after abstract review page 535

4 intervals of less than 100ms, and 19.2 % of them with a 0ms interval. A higher percentage was found for the self-repairs (minus repetitions) in this study as can be seen in Table 4. This could be due to the different methods used to categorize repairs in the two studies. What is significant, however is that short cut-off-to-repair intervals do exist in self-repairs. DISCUSSION Table 4. Comparison of cut-off-to-repair intervals found in the present study and in Blackmer and Mitton (1991). Error-tocut-off Present Study Blackmer and Mitton Mean (ms) s.d (ms) ms <100ms Note. For the purpose of comparison the figures for the present study only consist of deletions, insertions and substitutions, since Blackmer and Mitton s overt repairs did not include repetitions. The fact that it can take less than 150ms from the production of an error to the point at which speech is interrupted confirms that there is pre-articulatory monitoring. Given that the time from the detection of an error to the instruction to stop production may take about 200ms (Ladefoged et al, 1973; Levelt, 1983; Logan and Cowan, 1984), it would not be possible for detection to occur after a speaker has produced the error. Thus, error detection is not solely dependent on auditory comprehension. This is also confirmed by the fact that speakers often stop themselves mid-segment (Levelt, 1989; Bear et al., 1992; Nakatani and Hirschberg, 1993; Lickley, 1994; Shriberg, 2001). For example, 67% of selfrepairs that had error-to-cut-off intervals of less than 150ms were stopped mid-segment (see example in Figure 2). Short cut-off-to-repair intervals also have implications planning time of repair. A substantial number of self-repairs had cut-off-to-repair intervals of 0ms, discounting the possibility of repair-planning taking place only upon interruption. This is because the repairs must have been ready for articulation at the moment of interruption. This, in turn, suggests that the repairs must have been planned prior to the cut-off, perhaps even during the production of the error in the case of overt repairs. While Blackmer and Mitton (1991) propose that this may be explained by the fact that planning goes on incrementally while one is speaking, and is stored in a buffer until it is ready for articulation, Harsuiker and Kolk (2001) suggest that both the processes of interruption and repair are triggered at the same time by error detection. This would explain how a repair can be ready at the point of interruption. In other words, interrupting and repair-planning are seen as different but parallel processes. The process of interrupting one s speech is therefore not dependent on the need to make repairs, but can even occur for other reasons (Hartsuiker and Kolk, 2001). SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION This paper shows that consistent with other studies (Blackmer and Mitton, 1991; Harsuiker and Kolk, 2001), error-to-cut-off and cut-off-to-repair intervals can be very short. Whilst short error-to-cut-off intervals confirm that there is pre-articulatory monitoring in speech production as proposed in Levelt s model, there does not seem to be sufficient explanation as to how repair-planning really works given the short cut-off-to-error intervals. Further investigation, such as the computational tests conducted by Hartsuiker and Kolk (2001), is needed to provide a more detailed explanation of the way in which the repair-planning mechanism functions within a model of self-monitoring. Accepted after abstract review page 536

5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research is part of the author s PhD research. The author is indebted to her supervisors, Dr Kamila Ghazali (University of Malaya) and Dr Gerry Docherty (University of Newcastle). Part of this research was conducted at the Dept. of Speech, University of Newcastle, supported by a one-year Commonwealth Split-Site Ph.D. Scholarship. REFERENCES Bear, J., Dowding, J and Shriberg E.E. (1992). Integrating multiple knowledge sources for detection and correction of repairs in human-computer dialog, Proceedings of the 30 th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Blackmer, E.R. and Mitton J.L. (1991). Theories of monitoring and the timing of repairs in spontaneous speech. Cognition 39, Harsuiker, R.J. and Kolk, H.J. (2001) Error monitoring in speech production: A computational test of the perceptual loop theory. Cognitive Psychology 42, Lackner, J.R. and Tuller, B.H. (1979). Role of efference monitoring in the detection of self-produced speech errors, in W.E. Cooper and E.C.T. Walker (eds.), Sentence Processing, Hillsdale, New Jersey: Erlbaum, pp Ladefoged, P., Silverstein, R. and Papcun, G. (1973) Interruptibility of speech. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 54, Levelt, W.J.M. (1983). Monitoring and self-repair in speech, Cognition 14, Levelt, W.J.M. (1989). Speaking: From intention to articulation. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. Lickley, R.J. (1994). Detecting disfluency in spontaneous speech. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Lickley, R.J. (1998). HCRC Disfluency Coding Manual, HCRC/TR-100, HCRC, University of Edinburgh at Logan, G.D. and Cowan, W.B. (1984). On the ability to inhibit thought and action: A theory of an act of control. Psychological Review 91, Postma, A. (2000) Detection of errors during speech production; a review of speech monitoring models. Cognition 77 (2), Nakatani, C.H. and Hirschberg, J. (1994). A corpus-based study of repair cues in spontaneous speech. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95 (3), Nooteboom, S.G. (1980). Speaking and unspeaking: Detection and correction of phonological and lexical errors in spontaneous speech, in V.A. Fromkin (ed.) Errors in Linguistic Performance: Slips of the Tongue, Ear, Pen and Hand, New York: Academic Press, pp Shriberg, E. (2001) To err is human: Ecology and acoustics of speech disfluencies. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 31 (1), Accepted after abstract review page 537

Mandarin Lexical Tone Recognition: The Gating Paradigm

Mandarin Lexical Tone Recognition: The Gating Paradigm Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics, Vol. 0 (008), p. 8 Abstract Mandarin Lexical Tone Recognition: The Gating Paradigm Yuwen Lai and Jie Zhang University of Kansas Research on spoken word recognition

More information

Phonological encoding in speech production

Phonological encoding in speech production Phonological encoding in speech production Niels O. Schiller Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

More information

English Language and Applied Linguistics. Module Descriptions 2017/18

English Language and Applied Linguistics. Module Descriptions 2017/18 English Language and Applied Linguistics Module Descriptions 2017/18 Level I (i.e. 2 nd Yr.) Modules Please be aware that all modules are subject to availability. If you have any questions about the modules,

More information

Pobrane z czasopisma New Horizons in English Studies Data: 18/11/ :52:20. New Horizons in English Studies 1/2016

Pobrane z czasopisma New Horizons in English Studies  Data: 18/11/ :52:20. New Horizons in English Studies 1/2016 LANGUAGE Maria Curie-Skłodowska University () in Lublin k.laidler.umcs@gmail.com Online Adaptation of Word-initial Ukrainian CC Consonant Clusters by Native Speakers of English Abstract. The phenomenon

More information

2,1 .,,, , %, ,,,,,,. . %., Butterworth,)?.(1989; Levelt, 1989; Levelt et al., 1991; Levelt, Roelofs & Meyer, 1999

2,1 .,,, , %, ,,,,,,. . %., Butterworth,)?.(1989; Levelt, 1989; Levelt et al., 1991; Levelt, Roelofs & Meyer, 1999 23-47 57 (2006)? : 1 21 2 1 : ( ) $ % 24 ( ) 200 ( ) ) ( % : % % % Butterworth)? (1989; Levelt 1989; Levelt et al 1991; Levelt Roelofs & Meyer 1999 () " 2 ) ( ) ( Brown & McNeill 1966; Morton 1969 1979;

More information

Quarterly Progress and Status Report. Voiced-voiceless distinction in alaryngeal speech - acoustic and articula

Quarterly Progress and Status Report. Voiced-voiceless distinction in alaryngeal speech - acoustic and articula Dept. for Speech, Music and Hearing Quarterly Progress and Status Report Voiced-voiceless distinction in alaryngeal speech - acoustic and articula Nord, L. and Hammarberg, B. and Lundström, E. journal:

More information

Eyebrows in French talk-in-interaction

Eyebrows in French talk-in-interaction Eyebrows in French talk-in-interaction Aurélie Goujon 1, Roxane Bertrand 1, Marion Tellier 1 1 Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LPL UMR 7309, 13100, Aix-en-Provence, France Goujon.aurelie@gmail.com Roxane.bertrand@lpl-aix.fr

More information

Unvoiced Landmark Detection for Segment-based Mandarin Continuous Speech Recognition

Unvoiced Landmark Detection for Segment-based Mandarin Continuous Speech Recognition Unvoiced Landmark Detection for Segment-based Mandarin Continuous Speech Recognition Hua Zhang, Yun Tang, Wenju Liu and Bo Xu National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation, Chinese

More information

The Indiana Cooperative Remote Search Task (CReST) Corpus

The Indiana Cooperative Remote Search Task (CReST) Corpus The Indiana Cooperative Remote Search Task (CReST) Corpus Kathleen Eberhard, Hannele Nicholson, Sandra Kübler, Susan Gundersen, Matthias Scheutz University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA {eberhard.1,hnichol1,

More information

Atypical Prosodic Structure as an Indicator of Reading Level and Text Difficulty

Atypical Prosodic Structure as an Indicator of Reading Level and Text Difficulty Atypical Prosodic Structure as an Indicator of Reading Level and Text Difficulty Julie Medero and Mari Ostendorf Electrical Engineering Department University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 USA {jmedero,ostendor}@uw.edu

More information

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics Volume 19, 2013 http://acousticalsociety.org/ ICA 2013 Montreal Montreal, Canada 2-7 June 2013 Speech Communication Session 2aSC: Linking Perception and Production

More information

Role of Pausing in Text-to-Speech Synthesis for Simultaneous Interpretation

Role of Pausing in Text-to-Speech Synthesis for Simultaneous Interpretation Role of Pausing in Text-to-Speech Synthesis for Simultaneous Interpretation Vivek Kumar Rangarajan Sridhar, John Chen, Srinivas Bangalore, Alistair Conkie AT&T abs - Research 180 Park Avenue, Florham Park,

More information

CLASSIFICATION OF PROGRAM Critical Elements Analysis 1. High Priority Items Phonemic Awareness Instruction

CLASSIFICATION OF PROGRAM Critical Elements Analysis 1. High Priority Items Phonemic Awareness Instruction CLASSIFICATION OF PROGRAM Critical Elements Analysis 1 Program Name: Macmillan/McGraw Hill Reading 2003 Date of Publication: 2003 Publisher: Macmillan/McGraw Hill Reviewer Code: 1. X The program meets

More information

Think A F R I C A when assessing speaking. C.E.F.R. Oral Assessment Criteria. Think A F R I C A - 1 -

Think A F R I C A when assessing speaking. C.E.F.R. Oral Assessment Criteria. Think A F R I C A - 1 - C.E.F.R. Oral Assessment Criteria Think A F R I C A - 1 - 1. The extracts in the left hand column are taken from the official descriptors of the CEFR levels. How would you grade them on a scale of low,

More information

Perceived speech rate: the effects of. articulation rate and speaking style in spontaneous speech. Jacques Koreman. Saarland University

Perceived speech rate: the effects of. articulation rate and speaking style in spontaneous speech. Jacques Koreman. Saarland University 1 Perceived speech rate: the effects of articulation rate and speaking style in spontaneous speech Jacques Koreman Saarland University Institute of Phonetics P.O. Box 151150 D-66041 Saarbrücken Germany

More information

1. REFLEXES: Ask questions about coughing, swallowing, of water as fast as possible (note! Not suitable for all

1. REFLEXES: Ask questions about coughing, swallowing, of water as fast as possible (note! Not suitable for all Human Communication Science Chandler House, 2 Wakefield Street London WC1N 1PF http://www.hcs.ucl.ac.uk/ ACOUSTICS OF SPEECH INTELLIGIBILITY IN DYSARTHRIA EUROPEAN MASTER S S IN CLINICAL LINGUISTICS UNIVERSITY

More information

SOUND STRUCTURE REPRESENTATION, REPAIR AND WELL-FORMEDNESS: GRAMMAR IN SPOKEN LANGUAGE PRODUCTION. Adam B. Buchwald

SOUND STRUCTURE REPRESENTATION, REPAIR AND WELL-FORMEDNESS: GRAMMAR IN SPOKEN LANGUAGE PRODUCTION. Adam B. Buchwald SOUND STRUCTURE REPRESENTATION, REPAIR AND WELL-FORMEDNESS: GRAMMAR IN SPOKEN LANGUAGE PRODUCTION by Adam B. Buchwald A dissertation submitted to The Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements

More information

SEGMENTAL FEATURES IN SPONTANEOUS AND READ-ALOUD FINNISH

SEGMENTAL FEATURES IN SPONTANEOUS AND READ-ALOUD FINNISH SEGMENTAL FEATURES IN SPONTANEOUS AND READ-ALOUD FINNISH Mietta Lennes Most of the phonetic knowledge that is currently available on spoken Finnish is based on clearly pronounced speech: either readaloud

More information

Psychology of Speech Production and Speech Perception

Psychology of Speech Production and Speech Perception Psychology of Speech Production and Speech Perception Hugo Quené Clinical Language, Speech and Hearing Sciences, Utrecht University h.quene@uu.nl revised version 2009.06.10 1 Practical information Academic

More information

Intra-talker Variation: Audience Design Factors Affecting Lexical Selections

Intra-talker Variation: Audience Design Factors Affecting Lexical Selections Tyler Perrachione LING 451-0 Proseminar in Sound Structure Prof. A. Bradlow 17 March 2006 Intra-talker Variation: Audience Design Factors Affecting Lexical Selections Abstract Although the acoustic and

More information

The Perception of Nasalized Vowels in American English: An Investigation of On-line Use of Vowel Nasalization in Lexical Access

The Perception of Nasalized Vowels in American English: An Investigation of On-line Use of Vowel Nasalization in Lexical Access The Perception of Nasalized Vowels in American English: An Investigation of On-line Use of Vowel Nasalization in Lexical Access Joyce McDonough 1, Heike Lenhert-LeHouiller 1, Neil Bardhan 2 1 Linguistics

More information

Speech Recognition using Acoustic Landmarks and Binary Phonetic Feature Classifiers

Speech Recognition using Acoustic Landmarks and Binary Phonetic Feature Classifiers Speech Recognition using Acoustic Landmarks and Binary Phonetic Feature Classifiers October 31, 2003 Amit Juneja Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland, College Park,

More information

To appear in The TESOL encyclopedia of ELT (Wiley-Blackwell) 1 RECASTING. Kazuya Saito. Birkbeck, University of London

To appear in The TESOL encyclopedia of ELT (Wiley-Blackwell) 1 RECASTING. Kazuya Saito. Birkbeck, University of London To appear in The TESOL encyclopedia of ELT (Wiley-Blackwell) 1 RECASTING Kazuya Saito Birkbeck, University of London Abstract Among the many corrective feedback techniques at ESL/EFL teachers' disposal,

More information

Phonological and Phonetic Representations: The Case of Neutralization

Phonological and Phonetic Representations: The Case of Neutralization Phonological and Phonetic Representations: The Case of Neutralization Allard Jongman University of Kansas 1. Introduction The present paper focuses on the phenomenon of phonological neutralization to consider

More information

The processing and evaluation of fluency in native and non-native speech

The processing and evaluation of fluency in native and non-native speech The processing and evaluation of fluency in native and non-native speech The research reported here was supported by Pearson Language Testing by means of a grant awarded to Nivja H. de Jong: Oral Fluency:

More information

L1 Influence on L2 Intonation in Russian Speakers of English

L1 Influence on L2 Intonation in Russian Speakers of English Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses Spring 7-23-2013 L1 Influence on L2 Intonation in Russian Speakers of English Christiane Fleur Crosby Portland State

More information

Consonants: articulation and transcription

Consonants: articulation and transcription Phonology 1: Handout January 20, 2005 Consonants: articulation and transcription 1 Orientation phonetics [G. Phonetik]: the study of the physical and physiological aspects of human sound production and

More information

Journal of Phonetics

Journal of Phonetics Journal of Phonetics 40 (2012) 595 607 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Phonetics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/phonetics How linguistic and probabilistic properties

More information

Merbouh Zouaoui. Melouk Mohamed. Journal of Educational and Social Research MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy. 1. Introduction

Merbouh Zouaoui. Melouk Mohamed. Journal of Educational and Social Research MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy. 1. Introduction Acquiring Communication through Conversational Training: The Case Study of 1 st Year LMD Students at Djillali Liabès University Sidi Bel Abbès Algeria Doi:10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n6p353 Abstract Merbouh Zouaoui

More information

Language Acquisition by Identical vs. Fraternal SLI Twins * Karin Stromswold & Jay I. Rifkin

Language Acquisition by Identical vs. Fraternal SLI Twins * Karin Stromswold & Jay I. Rifkin Stromswold & Rifkin, Language Acquisition by MZ & DZ SLI Twins (SRCLD, 1996) 1 Language Acquisition by Identical vs. Fraternal SLI Twins * Karin Stromswold & Jay I. Rifkin Dept. of Psychology & Ctr. for

More information

Phenomena of gender attraction in Polish *

Phenomena of gender attraction in Polish * Chiara Finocchiaro and Anna Cielicka Phenomena of gender attraction in Polish * 1. Introduction The selection and use of grammatical features - such as gender and number - in producing sentences involve

More information

Rachel E. Baker, Ann R. Bradlow. Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

Rachel E. Baker, Ann R. Bradlow. Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA LANGUAGE AND SPEECH, 2009, 52 (4), 391 413 391 Variability in Word Duration as a Function of Probability, Speech Style, and Prosody Rachel E. Baker, Ann R. Bradlow Northwestern University, Evanston, IL,

More information

Program in Linguistics. Academic Year Assessment Report

Program in Linguistics. Academic Year Assessment Report Office of the Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs Program in Linguistics Academic Year 2014-15 Assessment Report All areas shaded in gray are to be completed by the department/program. ISSION

More information

STUDIES WITH FABRICATED SWITCHBOARD DATA: EXPLORING SOURCES OF MODEL-DATA MISMATCH

STUDIES WITH FABRICATED SWITCHBOARD DATA: EXPLORING SOURCES OF MODEL-DATA MISMATCH STUDIES WITH FABRICATED SWITCHBOARD DATA: EXPLORING SOURCES OF MODEL-DATA MISMATCH Don McAllaster, Larry Gillick, Francesco Scattone, Mike Newman Dragon Systems, Inc. 320 Nevada Street Newton, MA 02160

More information

DIBELS Next BENCHMARK ASSESSMENTS

DIBELS Next BENCHMARK ASSESSMENTS DIBELS Next BENCHMARK ASSESSMENTS Click to edit Master title style Benchmark Screening Benchmark testing is the systematic process of screening all students on essential skills predictive of later reading

More information

Rhythm-typology revisited.

Rhythm-typology revisited. DFG Project BA 737/1: "Cross-language and individual differences in the production and perception of syllabic prominence. Rhythm-typology revisited." Rhythm-typology revisited. B. Andreeva & W. Barry Jacques

More information

Introduction to the Common European Framework (CEF)

Introduction to the Common European Framework (CEF) Introduction to the Common European Framework (CEF) The Common European Framework is a common reference for describing language learning, teaching, and assessment. In order to facilitate both teaching

More information

Dyslexia/dyslexic, 3, 9, 24, 97, 187, 189, 206, 217, , , 367, , , 397,

Dyslexia/dyslexic, 3, 9, 24, 97, 187, 189, 206, 217, , , 367, , , 397, Adoption studies, 274 275 Alliteration skill, 113, 115, 117 118, 122 123, 128, 136, 138 Alphabetic writing system, 5, 40, 127, 136, 410, 415 Alphabets (types of ) artificial transparent alphabet, 5 German

More information

On the Formation of Phoneme Categories in DNN Acoustic Models

On the Formation of Phoneme Categories in DNN Acoustic Models On the Formation of Phoneme Categories in DNN Acoustic Models Tasha Nagamine Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University T. Nagamine Motivation Large performance gap between humans and state-

More information

Software Maintenance

Software Maintenance 1 What is Software Maintenance? Software Maintenance is a very broad activity that includes error corrections, enhancements of capabilities, deletion of obsolete capabilities, and optimization. 2 Categories

More information

DEVELOPMENT OF LINGUAL MOTOR CONTROL IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

DEVELOPMENT OF LINGUAL MOTOR CONTROL IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS DEVELOPMENT OF LINGUAL MOTOR CONTROL IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS Natalia Zharkova 1, William J. Hardcastle 1, Fiona E. Gibbon 2 & Robin J. Lickley 1 1 CASL Research Centre, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh

More information

Conducting an interview

Conducting an interview Basic Public Affairs Specialist Course Conducting an interview In the newswriting portion of this course, you learned basic interviewing skills. From that lesson, you learned an interview is an exchange

More information

CEFR Overall Illustrative English Proficiency Scales

CEFR Overall Illustrative English Proficiency Scales CEFR Overall Illustrative English Proficiency s CEFR CEFR OVERALL ORAL PRODUCTION Has a good command of idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms with awareness of connotative levels of meaning. Can convey

More information

SCHEMA ACTIVATION IN MEMORY FOR PROSE 1. Michael A. R. Townsend State University of New York at Albany

SCHEMA ACTIVATION IN MEMORY FOR PROSE 1. Michael A. R. Townsend State University of New York at Albany Journal of Reading Behavior 1980, Vol. II, No. 1 SCHEMA ACTIVATION IN MEMORY FOR PROSE 1 Michael A. R. Townsend State University of New York at Albany Abstract. Forty-eight college students listened to

More information

Stages of Literacy Ros Lugg

Stages of Literacy Ros Lugg Beginning readers in the USA Stages of Literacy Ros Lugg Looked at predictors of reading success or failure Pre-readers readers aged 3-53 5 yrs Looked at variety of abilities IQ Speech and language abilities

More information

Bi-Annual Status Report For. Improved Monosyllabic Word Modeling on SWITCHBOARD

Bi-Annual Status Report For. Improved Monosyllabic Word Modeling on SWITCHBOARD INSTITUTE FOR SIGNAL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING Bi-Annual Status Report For Improved Monosyllabic Word Modeling on SWITCHBOARD submitted by: J. Hamaker, N. Deshmukh, A. Ganapathiraju, and J. Picone Institute

More information

Describing Motion Events in Adult L2 Spanish Narratives

Describing Motion Events in Adult L2 Spanish Narratives Describing Motion Events in Adult L2 Spanish Narratives Samuel Navarro and Elena Nicoladis University of Alberta 1. Introduction When learning a second language (L2), learners are faced with the challenge

More information

The ABCs of O-G. Materials Catalog. Skills Workbook. Lesson Plans for Teaching The Orton-Gillingham Approach in Reading and Spelling

The ABCs of O-G. Materials Catalog. Skills Workbook. Lesson Plans for Teaching The Orton-Gillingham Approach in Reading and Spelling 2008 Intermediate Level Skills Workbook Group 2 Groups 1 & 2 The ABCs of O-G The Flynn System by Emi Flynn Lesson Plans for Teaching The Orton-Gillingham Approach in Reading and Spelling The ABCs of O-G

More information

Florida Reading Endorsement Alignment Matrix Competency 1

Florida Reading Endorsement Alignment Matrix Competency 1 Florida Reading Endorsement Alignment Matrix Competency 1 Reading Endorsement Guiding Principle: Teachers will understand and teach reading as an ongoing strategic process resulting in students comprehending

More information

Word Stress and Intonation: Introduction

Word Stress and Intonation: Introduction Word Stress and Intonation: Introduction WORD STRESS One or more syllables of a polysyllabic word have greater prominence than the others. Such syllables are said to be accented or stressed. Word stress

More information

Characterizing and Processing Robot-Directed Speech

Characterizing and Processing Robot-Directed Speech Characterizing and Processing Robot-Directed Speech Paulina Varchavskaia, Paul Fitzpatrick, Cynthia Breazeal AI Lab, MIT, Cambridge, USA [paulina,paulfitz,cynthia]@ai.mit.edu Abstract. Speech directed

More information

Linguistics. Undergraduate. Departmental Honors. Graduate. Faculty. Linguistics 1

Linguistics. Undergraduate. Departmental Honors. Graduate. Faculty. Linguistics 1 Linguistics 1 Linguistics Matthew Gordon, Chair Interdepartmental Program in the College of Arts and Science 223 Tate Hall (573) 882-6421 gordonmj@missouri.edu Kibby Smith, Advisor Office of Multidisciplinary

More information

Discourse Structure in Spoken Language: Studies on Speech Corpora

Discourse Structure in Spoken Language: Studies on Speech Corpora Discourse Structure in Spoken Language: Studies on Speech Corpora The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Published

More information

Correspondence between the DRDP (2015) and the California Preschool Learning Foundations. Foundations (PLF) in Language and Literacy

Correspondence between the DRDP (2015) and the California Preschool Learning Foundations. Foundations (PLF) in Language and Literacy 1 Desired Results Developmental Profile (2015) [DRDP (2015)] Correspondence to California Foundations: Language and Development (LLD) and the Foundations (PLF) The Language and Development (LLD) domain

More information

Processing Lexically Embedded Spoken Words

Processing Lexically Embedded Spoken Words Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 1999, Vol. 25, No. 1,174-183 Copyright 1999 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0095-1523/99/S3.00 Processing Lexically

More information

ONE TEACHER S ROLE IN PROMOTING UNDERSTANDING IN MENTAL COMPUTATION

ONE TEACHER S ROLE IN PROMOTING UNDERSTANDING IN MENTAL COMPUTATION ONE TEACHER S ROLE IN PROMOTING UNDERSTANDING IN MENTAL COMPUTATION Ann Heirdsfield Queensland University of Technology, Australia This paper reports the teacher actions that promoted the development of

More information

WiggleWorks Software Manual PDF0049 (PDF) Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

WiggleWorks Software Manual PDF0049 (PDF) Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company WiggleWorks Software Manual PDF0049 (PDF) Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Table of Contents Welcome to WiggleWorks... 3 Program Materials... 3 WiggleWorks Teacher Software... 4 Logging In...

More information

Program Matrix - Reading English 6-12 (DOE Code 398) University of Florida. Reading

Program Matrix - Reading English 6-12 (DOE Code 398) University of Florida. Reading Program Requirements Competency 1: Foundations of Instruction 60 In-service Hours Teachers will develop substantive understanding of six components of reading as a process: comprehension, oral language,

More information

Review in ICAME Journal, Volume 38, 2014, DOI: /icame

Review in ICAME Journal, Volume 38, 2014, DOI: /icame Review in ICAME Journal, Volume 38, 2014, DOI: 10.2478/icame-2014-0012 Gaëtanelle Gilquin and Sylvie De Cock (eds.). Errors and disfluencies in spoken corpora. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 2013. 172 pp.

More information

Jacqueline C. Kowtko, Patti J. Price Speech Research Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025

Jacqueline C. Kowtko, Patti J. Price Speech Research Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025 DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS IN THE AIR TRAVEL PLANNING DOMAIN Jacqueline C. Kowtko, Patti J. Price Speech Research Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025 ABSTRACT We have collected, transcribed

More information

Fluency Disorders. Kenneth J. Logan, PhD, CCC-SLP

Fluency Disorders. Kenneth J. Logan, PhD, CCC-SLP Fluency Disorders Kenneth J. Logan, PhD, CCC-SLP Contents Preface Introduction Acknowledgments vii xi xiii Section I. Foundational Concepts 1 1 Conceptualizing Fluency 3 2 Fluency and Speech Production

More information

Discussion Data reported here confirm and extend the findings of Antonucci (2009) which provided preliminary evidence that SFA treatment can result

Discussion Data reported here confirm and extend the findings of Antonucci (2009) which provided preliminary evidence that SFA treatment can result Background Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA), which trains individuals to access semantic knowledge to facilitate access to specific labels, takes advantage of the fact that lexical retrieval is predicated

More information

Linking object names and object categories: Words (but not tones) facilitate object categorization in 6- and 12-month-olds

Linking object names and object categories: Words (but not tones) facilitate object categorization in 6- and 12-month-olds Linking object names and object categories: Words (but not tones) facilitate object categorization in 6- and 12-month-olds Anne L. Fulkerson 1, Sandra R. Waxman 2, and Jennifer M. Seymour 1 1 University

More information

GRAMMATICAL MORPHEME ACQUISITION: AN ANALYSIS OF AN EFL LEARNER S LANGUAGE SAMPLES *

GRAMMATICAL MORPHEME ACQUISITION: AN ANALYSIS OF AN EFL LEARNER S LANGUAGE SAMPLES * Volume 8 No. 1, Februari 2008 : 22-37 GRAMMATICAL MORPHEME ACQUISITION: AN ANALYSIS OF AN EFL LEARNER S LANGUAGE SAMPLES * Paulus Widiatmoko Duta Wacana Christian University Jl. Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo

More information

The Acquisition of Person and Number Morphology Within the Verbal Domain in Early Greek

The Acquisition of Person and Number Morphology Within the Verbal Domain in Early Greek Vol. 4 (2012) 15-25 University of Reading ISSN 2040-3461 LANGUAGE STUDIES WORKING PAPERS Editors: C. Ciarlo and D.S. Giannoni The Acquisition of Person and Number Morphology Within the Verbal Domain in

More information

A Cross-language Corpus for Studying the Phonetics and Phonology of Prominence

A Cross-language Corpus for Studying the Phonetics and Phonology of Prominence A Cross-language Corpus for Studying the Phonetics and Phonology of Prominence Bistra Andreeva 1, William Barry 1, Jacques Koreman 2 1 Saarland University Germany 2 Norwegian University of Science and

More information

EXAMPLES OF SPEAKING PERFORMANCES AT CEF LEVELS A2 TO C2. (Taken from Cambridge ESOL s Main Suite exams)

EXAMPLES OF SPEAKING PERFORMANCES AT CEF LEVELS A2 TO C2. (Taken from Cambridge ESOL s Main Suite exams) EXAMPLES OF SPEAKING PERFORMANCES AT CEF LEVELS A2 TO C2 (Taken from Cambridge ESOL s Main Suite exams) MARKS AND COMMENTARIES BEN: LEVEL C1/C1+ ALISER: LEVEL C2 Foreword This document accompanies the

More information

Improved Effects of Word-Retrieval Treatments Subsequent to Addition of the Orthographic Form

Improved Effects of Word-Retrieval Treatments Subsequent to Addition of the Orthographic Form Orthographic Form 1 Improved Effects of Word-Retrieval Treatments Subsequent to Addition of the Orthographic Form The development and testing of word-retrieval treatments for aphasia has generally focused

More information

Evaluation of a Simultaneous Interpretation System and Analysis of Speech Log for User Experience Assessment

Evaluation of a Simultaneous Interpretation System and Analysis of Speech Log for User Experience Assessment Evaluation of a Simultaneous Interpretation System and Analysis of Speech Log for User Experience Assessment Akiko Sakamoto, Kazuhiko Abe, Kazuo Sumita and Satoshi Kamatani Knowledge Media Laboratory,

More information

Infants learn phonotactic regularities from brief auditory experience

Infants learn phonotactic regularities from brief auditory experience B69 Cognition 87 (2003) B69 B77 www.elsevier.com/locate/cognit Brief article Infants learn phonotactic regularities from brief auditory experience Kyle E. Chambers*, Kristine H. Onishi, Cynthia Fisher

More information

Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational Text Text Structure

Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational Text Text Structure LESSON 4 TEACHER S GUIDE by Taiyo Kobayashi Fountas-Pinnell Level C Informational Text Selection Summary The narrator presents key locations in his town and why each is important to the community: a store,

More information

Understanding the Relationship between Comprehension and Production

Understanding the Relationship between Comprehension and Production Carnegie Mellon University Research Showcase @ CMU Department of Psychology Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences 1-1987 Understanding the Relationship between Comprehension and Production

More information

Phonological Encoding in Sentence Production

Phonological Encoding in Sentence Production Phonological Encoding in Sentence Production Caitlin Hilliard (chillia2@u.rochester.edu), Katrina Furth (kfurth@bcs.rochester.edu), T. Florian Jaeger (fjaeger@bcs.rochester.edu) Department of Brain and

More information

Beginning primarily with the investigations of Zimmermann (1980a),

Beginning primarily with the investigations of Zimmermann (1980a), Orofacial Movements Associated With Fluent Speech in Persons Who Stutter Michael D. McClean Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D.C. Stephen M. Tasko Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI

More information

Online Publication Date: 01 May 1981 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE

Online Publication Date: 01 May 1981 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE This article was downloaded by:[university of Sussex] On: 15 July 2008 Access Details: [subscription number 776502344] Publisher: Psychology Press Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered

More information

Module 9: Performing HIV Rapid Tests (Demo and Practice)

Module 9: Performing HIV Rapid Tests (Demo and Practice) Module 9: Performing HIV Rapid Tests (Demo and Practice) Purpose To provide the participants with necessary knowledge and skills to accurately perform 3 HIV rapid tests and to determine HIV status. Pre-requisite

More information

Learning Methods in Multilingual Speech Recognition

Learning Methods in Multilingual Speech Recognition Learning Methods in Multilingual Speech Recognition Hui Lin Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington Seattle, WA 98125 linhui@u.washington.edu Li Deng, Jasha Droppo, Dong Yu, and Alex

More information

One major theoretical issue of interest in both developing and

One major theoretical issue of interest in both developing and Developmental Changes in the Effects of Utterance Length and Complexity on Speech Movement Variability Neeraja Sadagopan Anne Smith Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN Purpose: The authors examined the

More information

Universal contrastive analysis as a learning principle in CAPT

Universal contrastive analysis as a learning principle in CAPT Universal contrastive analysis as a learning principle in CAPT Jacques Koreman, Preben Wik, Olaf Husby, Egil Albertsen Department of Language and Communication Studies, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway jacques.koreman@ntnu.no,

More information

THE PERCEPTION AND PRODUCTION OF STRESS AND INTONATION BY CHILDREN WITH COCHLEAR IMPLANTS

THE PERCEPTION AND PRODUCTION OF STRESS AND INTONATION BY CHILDREN WITH COCHLEAR IMPLANTS THE PERCEPTION AND PRODUCTION OF STRESS AND INTONATION BY CHILDREN WITH COCHLEAR IMPLANTS ROSEMARY O HALPIN University College London Department of Phonetics & Linguistics A dissertation submitted to the

More information

REVIEW OF CONNECTED SPEECH

REVIEW OF CONNECTED SPEECH Language Learning & Technology http://llt.msu.edu/vol8num1/review2/ January 2004, Volume 8, Number 1 pp. 24-28 REVIEW OF CONNECTED SPEECH Title Connected Speech (North American English), 2000 Platform

More information

SOFTWARE EVALUATION TOOL

SOFTWARE EVALUATION TOOL SOFTWARE EVALUATION TOOL Kyle Higgins Randall Boone University of Nevada Las Vegas rboone@unlv.nevada.edu Higgins@unlv.nevada.edu N.B. This form has not been fully validated and is still in development.

More information

Richardson, J., The Next Step in Guided Writing, Ohio Literacy Conference, 2010

Richardson, J., The Next Step in Guided Writing, Ohio Literacy Conference, 2010 1 Procedures and Expectations for Guided Writing Procedures Context: Students write a brief response to the story they read during guided reading. At emergent levels, use dictated sentences that include

More information

Running head: DELAY AND PROSPECTIVE MEMORY 1

Running head: DELAY AND PROSPECTIVE MEMORY 1 Running head: DELAY AND PROSPECTIVE MEMORY 1 In Press at Memory & Cognition Effects of Delay of Prospective Memory Cues in an Ongoing Task on Prospective Memory Task Performance Dawn M. McBride, Jaclyn

More information

AN INTRODUCTION (2 ND ED.) (LONDON, BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC PP. VI, 282)

AN INTRODUCTION (2 ND ED.) (LONDON, BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC PP. VI, 282) B. PALTRIDGE, DISCOURSE ANALYSIS: AN INTRODUCTION (2 ND ED.) (LONDON, BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC. 2012. PP. VI, 282) Review by Glenda Shopen _ This book is a revised edition of the author s 2006 introductory

More information

The Prosodic (Re)organization of Determiners

The Prosodic (Re)organization of Determiners The Prosodic (Re)organization of Determiners Katherine Demuth, Elizabeth McCullough, and Matthew Adamo Brown University 1. Introduction* * Researchers have long known that children variably produce grammatical

More information

READ 180 Next Generation Software Manual

READ 180 Next Generation Software Manual READ 180 Next Generation Software Manual including ereads For use with READ 180 Next Generation version 2.3 and Scholastic Achievement Manager version 2.3 or higher Copyright 2014 by Scholastic Inc. All

More information

Guidelines for blind and partially sighted candidates

Guidelines for blind and partially sighted candidates Revised August 2006 Guidelines for blind and partially sighted candidates Our policy In addition to the specific provisions described below, we are happy to consider each person individually if their needs

More information

Understanding and Supporting Dyslexia Godstone Village School. January 2017

Understanding and Supporting Dyslexia Godstone Village School. January 2017 Understanding and Supporting Dyslexia Godstone Village School January 2017 By then end of the session I will: Have a greater understanding of Dyslexia and the ways in which children can be affected by

More information

Speech Recognition at ICSI: Broadcast News and beyond

Speech Recognition at ICSI: Broadcast News and beyond Speech Recognition at ICSI: Broadcast News and beyond Dan Ellis International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley CA Outline 1 2 3 The DARPA Broadcast News task Aspects of ICSI

More information

The Structure of the ORD Speech Corpus of Russian Everyday Communication

The Structure of the ORD Speech Corpus of Russian Everyday Communication The Structure of the ORD Speech Corpus of Russian Everyday Communication Tatiana Sherstinova St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya nab. 11, 199034, Russia sherstinova@gmail.com

More information

Guidelines for Writing an Internship Report

Guidelines for Writing an Internship Report Guidelines for Writing an Internship Report Master of Commerce (MCOM) Program Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan Table of Contents Table of Contents... 2 1. Introduction.... 3 2. The Required Components

More information

Progress Monitoring for Behavior: Data Collection Methods & Procedures

Progress Monitoring for Behavior: Data Collection Methods & Procedures Progress Monitoring for Behavior: Data Collection Methods & Procedures This event is being funded with State and/or Federal funds and is being provided for employees of school districts, employees of the

More information

DOWNSTEP IN SUPYIRE* Robert Carlson Societe Internationale de Linguistique, Mali

DOWNSTEP IN SUPYIRE* Robert Carlson Societe Internationale de Linguistique, Mali Studies in African inguistics Volume 4 Number April 983 DOWNSTEP IN SUPYIRE* Robert Carlson Societe Internationale de inguistique ali Downstep in the vast majority of cases can be traced to the influence

More information

Demonstration of problems of lexical stress on the pronunciation Turkish English teachers and teacher trainees by computer

Demonstration of problems of lexical stress on the pronunciation Turkish English teachers and teacher trainees by computer Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 46 ( 2012 ) 3011 3016 WCES 2012 Demonstration of problems of lexical stress on the pronunciation Turkish English teachers

More information

STRUCTURE AND PROCESSING IN TUNISIAN ARABIC: SPEECH ERROR DATA

STRUCTURE AND PROCESSING IN TUNISIAN ARABIC: SPEECH ERROR DATA STRUCTURE AND PROCESSING IN TUNISIAN ARABIC: SPEECH ERROR DATA by Nadia Hamrouni Copyright Nadia Hamrouni 2010 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the GRADUATE INTERDISCIPLINARY DOCTORAL PROGRAM

More information

English Language Arts Summative Assessment

English Language Arts Summative Assessment English Language Arts Summative Assessment 2016 Paper-Pencil Test Audio CDs are not available for the administration of the English Language Arts Session 2. The ELA Test Administration Listening Transcript

More information

To appear in the Proceedings of the 35th Meetings of the Chicago Linguistics Society. Post-vocalic spirantization: Typology and phonetic motivations

To appear in the Proceedings of the 35th Meetings of the Chicago Linguistics Society. Post-vocalic spirantization: Typology and phonetic motivations Post-vocalic spirantization: Typology and phonetic motivations Alan C-L Yu University of California, Berkeley 0. Introduction Spirantization involves a stop consonant becoming a weak fricative (e.g., B,

More information

AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF PROLONGED FRICATIVE PHONEMES WITH THE HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS APPROACH 1. INTRODUCTION

AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF PROLONGED FRICATIVE PHONEMES WITH THE HIDDEN MARKOV MODELS APPROACH 1. INTRODUCTION JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS & TECHNOLOGIES Vol. 11/2007, ISSN 1642-6037 Marek WIŚNIEWSKI *, Wiesława KUNISZYK-JÓŹKOWIAK *, Elżbieta SMOŁKA *, Waldemar SUSZYŃSKI * HMM, recognition, speech, disorders

More information

Segregation of Unvoiced Speech from Nonspeech Interference

Segregation of Unvoiced Speech from Nonspeech Interference Technical Report OSU-CISRC-8/7-TR63 Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 4321-1277 FTP site: ftp.cse.ohio-state.edu Login: anonymous Directory: pub/tech-report/27

More information