Preliminary note

Transcription

1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Vol. II nominal and verbal morphology Preliminary note Chapter I: Introduction to Indo-European morphology 5-38 Outline and summary I. Phonemes, signs and words ( ) II. The roots General remarks ( ) Formal features of the nominal and verbal roots ( ) III. The formation of the stems From root to stem ( ) Suffixes and word classes ( ) The thematic vowel ( ) Elements that come before the root ( 3.27.) IV. Endings and equivalent morphological elements General remarks ( 3.28.) Endings ( ) Vowel alternations ( 3.31.) Accent placement ( 3.32.) Chapter II: The noun and adjective in Indo-European iii Outline and summary I. Stems of nouns and adjectives Main enlargements and suffixes ( ) Nominal stems and gender ( ) Compound nouns ( ) II. Nominal inflection and endings From stem to inflection ( ) The forms of endings. The zero ending, allomorphy, amalgamation, syncretism ( ) The cases in Indo-European III ( )

2 VI table of contents III. The paradigms in the nominal inflection of Indo-European III The core cases of the singular ( ) The marginal cases of the singular ( ) The core cases of the plural ( ) The marginal cases of the plural ( ) The cases of the dual ( ) IV. Nouns and adjectives; stems and inflections The adjective and its differentiation from the noun ( ) Gradation in the adjective ( ) Chapter III: Noun and adjective in Anatolian and Indo- European II Outline and summary I. The position of Anatolian with regard to Indo-European II ( ) II. Nominal derivation and inflection in Hittite Nominal derivation ( ) Nominal inflection ( ) Archaisms in the Hittite nominal inflection ( ) Inflection in the other Anatolian languages and final remarks on Anatolian ( ) Final remarks on the nominal inflection of Indo-European II ( ) Chapter IV: The origins of the nominal inflection and the noun in the pre-inflectional stage of Indo-European or Proto-Indo-European Outline and summary I. History of theories on the origins of nominal inflection Non-inflected Indo-European ( ) On the theory of agglutination ( ) Other explanations: critical remarks ( ) II. The creation of the system of Indo-European nominal inflection General remarks ( ) The origin of the marginal cases ( )

3 table of contents VII 3. The origin of the core cases ( ) The origin of gender opposition (animate / inanimate ( ) The origin of the adjective ( ) III. The prehistory of case inflection in pre-inflectional Indo- European (Indo-European I) The cases as a continuation of ancient functions ( ) The marking of nominal functions in pre-inflectional Indo-European ( ) Chapter V: The verb system in Indo-European III Outline and summary I. Roots, stems and endings of the verb: general view The general scheme of inflection ( ) Basic morphological elements of the stems ( ) Basic, deverbative and denominative verbs ( ) The thematic vowel ( ) Verbal compounding ( ) Morphological elements in the inflection of the stems: augment and endings ( ) Problems of chronology, dialectology and meaning ( ) II. Present stems Radical stems ( ) Reduplicated stems (athematic and thematic) ( ) Consonantal stems (thematic) ( ) Stems in vowel, -y or -w (athematic, semi-thematic, and thematic) ( ) Stems in a nasal (athematic and thematic) ( ) Conclusions ( ) III. Stems of the aorist and the preterite General remarks ( ) Radical stems (athematic inflection) ( ) Radical stems (thematic inflection) ( ) Reduplicated stems (athematic and thematic) ( )

4 VIII table of contents 5. Stems with -s and their expanded forms (thematic and athematic) ( ) Stems in -t and -k ( ) Stems in -ē, -ā, -y, -w ( ) The compound preterites ( ) The present / aorist aspectual opposition and other re-elaborations ( ) IV. Stems of the perfect ( ) V. Future stems ( ) VI. Modal stems General remarks ( ) The subjunctive ( ) Remnants of the identity of indicative and subjunctive ( ) The creation of the indicative / subjunctive opposition ( ) The optative ( ) VII. The endings General remarks ( ) The endings system of the active voice ( ) The endings system of the middle voice ( ) Endings in the stems in *-H and of the perfect ( ) Endings in *-r ( ) VIII. The nominal forms of the verb Infinitives and semi-infinitives ( ) Participles, gerundives and absolutives ( ) Conclusions ( ) Chapter VI: The verbal system in Anatolian and Indo- European II Outline and summary I. The verbal inflection of anatolian as compared to IE III. General features The basic morphological elements of Hittite ( ) The archaism of the monothematic system ( )

5 table of contents IX 3. The two inflections in -mi and -ḫi and the problem of the perfect and the middle voice ( ) Thematism, athematism and semi-thematism in Hittite inflection ( ) Base verb and derived verb in Hittite ( ) Data from the other Anatolian languages ( ) II. The verbal inflection of Anatolian as against IE III; details of stems, endings and nominal forms Stems: the data from Hittite ( ) Radical and derived stems (except with -s-, -n- and reduplicated ones) ( ) Derived stems in -š, -šk ( ) Derived stems in -n ( ) Reduplicated stems ( ) Stems: data from other Anatolian languages ( ) Endings: data from Hittite and from Anatolian in general ( ) The nominal forms of the verb: data from Hittite and Anatolian in general ( ) III. Final conclusions on verbal inflection of IE II Verbal inflection in IE III ( ) Verbal inflection in Anatolian and in Indo-European II ( ) Chapter VII: The origins of verb and verbal inflection in the pre-inflectional phase of Indo-European or Proto- Indo-European Outline and summary I. History of the theories of verbal inflection and the verb in the pre-inflectional or Proto-Indo-European phase General remarks ( ) The creation of the endings system ( ) The creation of the system of stems ( ) II. The creation of verbal inflection The system of the endings ( ) The system of the stems ( ) Nominal forms of the verb ( )

6 X table of contents III. The prehistory of verbal inflection in pre-inflectional Indo- European (Proto-Indo-European) ( ) Appendix: Indo-European from Bopp until now