Write Well Now. Six Keys to Greater Clarity. Darrel Walters. 2 nd Edition. Revisionary, Inc. Ft. Washington, PA

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1 Write Well Now Six Keys to Greater Clarity 2 nd Edition by Darrel Walters Revisionary, Inc. Ft. Washington, PA

2 Write Well Now: Six Keys to Greater Clarity Copyright 2008, Darrel Walters Second Edition, 2010 a light revision with notable changes to the Study Planner (p. xi) and additions to Appendix B (p. 214) Published by Revisionary, Inc. P.O. Box 1057 Ft. Washington, PA Inquiries for the author walters@revisionaryinc.com Information about writing seminars and related services. ISBN Write Well Now: Six Keys to Greater Clarity Darrel Walters All rights reserved. Neither this book nor any parts of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except for brief excerpts to be used as part of a critical article or review. ii

3 CONTENTS List of Figures... vii Acknowledgements... viii Orientation to the Book... ix Study Planner... xi PART ONE: The Six Keys 1. Getting Rid of Words...1 Eliminating Filler...2 Avoiding Redundancy...5 Writing Maturely...8 Writing Unpretentiously...11 Streamlining Sentences and Paragraphs...13 Parting Thoughts About Wordiness...17 Solutions to Chapter One Exercises Choosing the Best Words...25 Finding the Just-Right Word (Avoiding Near Misses)...26 Using a Rich Vocabulary (Avoiding Vocabulary Eaters )...28 Putting Verbs in the Driver s Seat (Avoiding Noun Dominance)...36 Keeping People in the Picture (Avoiding Personification)...39 Keeping Readers Grounded (Avoiding Inconsistency)...41 Reaching a Wider Audience (Avoiding Jargon)...42 Staying Sincere (Avoiding Affectation )...45 Staying Believable (Avoiding Overstatement)...49 Showing Conviction (Avoiding Undue Caution)...50 Making Good Connections (Avoiding Imprecise Conjunctions and Prepositions)...53 Using New Words, and Using Old Words in New Ways...54 Solutions to Chapter Two Exercises Putting Words in the Best Place...65 Placing Modifiers...66 Placing Adverbs Placing Subjects...71 iii

4 Placing Orienting Material...73 Placing Emphatic Material...75 Parting Thoughts About Placement...77 Solutions to Chapter Three Exercises Clearing the Reader s Path...83 Choosing Parallel Form...84 Choosing Positive Form...88 Choosing Active Voice...90 Referring to People...93 Achieving Gracefulness...95 Saying What You Mean to Say...99 Parting Thoughts About Reader-Friendly Construction Solutions to Chapter Four Exercises Following the Rules of Grammar Grammar Terms and Definitions Common Grammar Errors Grammatically Incorrect Word Choice Dangling Participle Split Infinitive Careless Use of Prepositions Subject/Verb Disagreement Wrong Verb Tense Adjective/Adverb Confusion Wrong Pronoun Case Antecedent/Pronoun Disagreement The Gender/Grammar Conflict Solutions to Chapter Five Exercises Using Punctuation Wisely Ending Sentences Writing Contractions, Possessives, and Quotations Negotiating the Wide World of Commas Understanding the Mysterious Semicolon Using Colons with Confidence Improving Clarity with the Help of Hyphens, Dashes, Slashes, and Parentheses Using Brackets and Ellipses Solutions to Chapter Six Exercises iv

5 PART TWO: The Bigger Picture 7. Thinking Beyond Words and Sentences Units of Organization The Paragraph The Section The Document Summary Establishing an Approach to Writing Preparing to Write Writing Revising Four Final Thoughts Bibliography APPENDIX A: A COLLECTION OF USEFUL VERBS APPENDIX B: A COLLECTION OF TROUBLESOME WORDS APPENDIX C: WRITING PRINCIPLES ELABORATED UPON General Index Word Use Index About the Author v

6 LIST OF FIGURES Chapter One 1. A Few Common Filler Words and Phrases A Few Common Redundancies...7 Chapter Two 1. A Few Examples of Complex Words and Simple Alternatives...48 Chapter Five 1. Seven Parts of Speech Defined and Exemplified Number, Case, and Gender of Nouns Exemplified Number of Verbs Exemplified Voice of Verbs Exemplified Tense of Verbs Exemplified Forms That a Verb Can Be Given Forms of Adjectives Exemplified Forms of Adverbs Exemplified Personal Pronouns Shown by Person, Case, and Number Examples of Pronouns and Their Antecedents Typical Parts of a Prepositional Phrase A Sample List of Prepositions Types of Conjunctions Samples of Conjunctions, by Type The Basic Parts of a Sentence Additional Elements of a Sentence An Illustration of Phrases and Clauses Functioning as Parts of Speech Chapter Seven 1. APA System for Section Headings vi

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