Mariya International School. Finite and non-finite verbs

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1 Mariya International School English Worksheet - 1 Grade 7 verb: and verbs We are sending English grammar worksheet unit wise to give more practice on the concept taught and to enhance the student s capabilities to answer any unseen questions regarding grammar portion in the syllabus. Worksheet answer key is going to be uploaded on the website as a checking reference after the students submit their worksheets to the teacher to add their marks. The worksheet will be included in the English exam, so students have to keep them for using in revision with their books. verb forms show tense, person and number (I go, she goes, we went, etc.): Example: She was waiting in the room before he came in. Does your brother know my brother? Non-finite verb Non-finite verb forms do not show tense, person or number. Typically they are infinitive forms with and without to (e.g. to go, go), -ing forms and -ed forms (e.g. going, gone): Example: She tiptoed round the house so as not to wake anyone. You need to paint the whole cupboard, starting from the bottom. Types 1. Infinitive The infinitive is the basic dictionary form of a verb, usually preceded by to (when it s not, it s called the bare infinitive). Thus to go is an infinitive. There are several different uses of the infinitive. They can be used alongside verbs, as a noun phrase, as a modifier, or in a question. Example 2. Participles A participle is a form of a verb that is used in a sentence to modify a noun, noun phrase, verb, or verb phrase, and then plays a role similar to an adjective or adverb. It is one of the types of nonfinite verb forms.

2 The two types of participle in English are traditionally called the present participle (forms such as writing, singing and raising) and the past participle (forms such as written, sung and raised). The Past Participle Past participles often look very similar to the simple past tense of a verb: finished, danced, etc. However, some verbs have different forms. The Present Participle Even though they look exactly the same, gerunds and present participles do different things. As we just learned, the gerund acts as a noun: e.g., I like sleeping ; Sleeping is not allowed. Present participles, on the other hand, act similarly to an adjective or adverb: e.g., The sleeping girl over there is my sister ; Breathing heavily, she finished the race in first place. The present participle, or participial phrases (clauses) formed from it, are used as follows: as an adjective phrase modifying a noun phrase: The man sitting over there is my uncle. adverbially, the subject being understood to be the same as that of the main clause: Looking at the plans, I gradually came to see where the problem lay. He shot the man, killing him. more generally as a clause or sentence modifier: Broadly speaking, the project was successful. The present participle can also be used with the helping verb to be to form a type of present tense: Marta was sleeping. 3. Gerunds Gerunds all end in -ing: skiing, reading, dancing, singing, etc. Gerunds act like nouns and can serve as subjects or objects of sentences. They can be created using active or helping verbs: I like swimming. Being loved can make someone feel safe. Do you fancy going out? Having read the book once before makes me more prepared. EXERCISE 1 Identify the finite and verbs in the following sentences and state whether they are infinitives, participles or gerunds. 1. Singing is his pastime. 2. I like to read. 3. It is easy to find faults with others. 4. He went to work in London. 5. She doesn t like to do anything.

3 6. I enjoy reading. 7. The boys are decorating the room. 8. I am doing my homework. 9. We all enjoy eating ice-cream in the summer. 10. Smita has done her homework. 11. The little girl tried to imitate the steps of the famous singer. 12. Mother took out a crumpled letter from the drawer. Exercise 2 Find out the finite and verbs in the sentences given below: 1. He gave me a chair to sit. 2. It was a sight to see. 3. I want to buy some clothes. 4. Barking dogs seldom bite. 5. He is about to leave. 6. It is time to start. 7. He was wearing a torn shirt. 8. He had his shoes polished. 9. They got the roof repaired. 10. Finding the door open I went inside. NOTE --- Non-finite verbs do not change their form when the number or person of the subject changes. In other words, Verbs which have the past or the present form are called FINITE verbs. Verbs in any other form (infinitive, gerund, -ing, or -ed) are called NON FINITE verbs. This means that verbs with tense are finite, and verbs without tense are non finite.there are mainly three types of verbs: infinitives, gerunds and participles.

4 Examples are as follows Tense David plays the piano Present My sister spoke French on holiday Past It took courage to continue after the accident Leaving home can be very traumatic Leave immediately when you are asked to do so NONE -- the verb has the infinitive form NONE -- the verb has the - ing form or Non finite? NONE -- the verb has the -ed form EXERCISE 3 In the following sentences, state whether the verb given in the inverted commas is finite or. 1. My little brother 'wants' to be an actor. 2. She worked hard 'to pass' the test. 3. I 'couldn t solve' the problem. 4. 'To err' is human. 5. Your duty is 'to cross' the river without getting noticed. 6. The doctor 'is attending' to the injured people. 7. She 'opened' the door.

5 8. The students were asked 'to submit' their assignments by Friday. 9. The teacher 'encouraged' the students to work hard. 10. The dog 'wagged' its tail to show its happiness. EXERCISE 4 In each of the following sentences, indicate whether the highlighted verb is finite or nonfinite.. 1. Paul runs to work every day 2. They have run away together 3. Tim gave Paul a menacing look 4. Katie was watching TV when the phone rang 5. We found him smoking behind the shed

6 Answers 1. Singing is his pastime. (is finite verb; singing gerund) 2. I like to read. (like finite verb; to read ) 3. It is easy to find faults with others. (is finite verb; to find infinitive) 4. He went to work in London. (went finite verb; to work infinitive) 5. She doesn t like to do anything. (doesn t like finite verb; to do infinitive) 6. I enjoy reading. (enjoy finite verb) 7. The boys are decorating the room. (are decorating finite verb) 8. I am doing my homework. (am doing finite verb) 9. We all enjoy eating ice-cream in the summer. (enjoy finite verb; eating gerund) 10. Smita has done her homework. (has done finite verb) 11. The little girl tried to imitate the steps of the famous singer. (tried finite verb; to imitate nonfinite infinitive) 12. Mother took out a crumpled letter from the drawer. (took finite verb; crumpled past participle )

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