Jugend und Migration: was bedeutet Integration... in Frankreich? Sozialpädagogiktag 2007, Axel Pohl

Transcription

1 Jugend und Migration: was bedeutet Integration in Frankreich? Sozialpädagogiktag 2007, Axel Pohl 1

2 Youth and Migration: what does Integration mean in France? Sozialpädagogiktag 2007, Axel Pohl 2

3 Ein Thema des Sozpädtags von 2005 aufgreifend 3

4 A German Researcher... Perspective: Double Mirror...looking at France......to learn something about Germany? 4

5 Why the beer s always stronger up North... Disadvantages of double comparison: No lived experience: Comparing the good theory there with the bad reality here? False friends Advantages of double comparison: Looking from outside Transfer and transnational learning 5

6 Case 1: Ayşe Kosovo? Where can she get support? 6

7 The Sans-Papiers persons children in schools 7

8 Social and youth services Relatively strong position of parents (principle of co-presence) De-centralisation: Departement and commune Big welfare organisations (church-bound) primarily in poverty and disabilities High proportion of personnel of non-teaching professions at school 8

9 Let them grow up here! Réseau Éducation Sans Frontières Avoid expulsions, provide shelter Networking and campaigning 9

10 Public campaign by Éducation sans frontières 10

11 Case 2: Marco Italy? Where can he get support? 11

12 Age Education Grade SCHEME DESS/DEA PhD Higher education Études supérieures Maîtrise/DUT-BTS- DEUG/License/ Degrées/ Engineering GO TO WORK Upper Terminal 17 secondary 1 ère school 2 nde Lycée général et technologique Lycée Professional CAP ème 14 Lower 4 ème secondary 13 school 5 ème ème Collège Marco Interm Interm. 1 9 Primary Elem. 2 8 School Elem. 1 École elementaire/ primaire 6-7 Preparatory Preschool École maternelle Figure 2 The French educational system Source: OECD (1995), Education at a glance, OECD, Paris, pp

13 100% 80% 11,49 13,1 9,6 11,5 1,3 12,84 5,7 14,2 60% 33,74 34,9 28,7 36,9 Dropped out Apprenticeship Vocational track 40% 18,78 23,9 19,2 26,6 Technological track General track 20% 23,15 22,4 28,3 22,6 0% Figure 7 Native French Immigrant s children Portuguese origin North-African origin School situation in 2002 for lower categories (1995 cohort) 13

14 Youth unemployment rates (19-29 yrs) Both parents born in France: 20% Both parents born in Algeria or Morocco: 40% Source: INSÉE 2005, p

15 Support for Transitions Since 1982: Missions Locales and PAIO (Permanence d'accueil d'information et d'orientation) Since 1998: Nouveaux services - nouveaux emplois (emplois-jeunes) ± Since 1998: TRACE (TRajet d'accès à l'emploi) 15

16 Integration: 4 levels structural cultural social identificative 16

17 Integration in France Republican and universalistic mode of integration Objective: cultural and identificative integration Spatial segregation reinforced by housing policies 17

18 Particularities no collective minority rights, education and citizenship as major factors for integration (but NOT for all). spatiality of exclusion processes 18

19 Current debates From Touche pas à mon pote to Touche pas à mon ADN ( Hands off my DNA ) Anti-discrimination law (e.g. anonymous CV) Ethnic statistics ( What colour is your skin would you say? ) 19

20 And the mirror? Citizenship alone does not guarantuee equal opportunities Anti-discrimination perspective as a new and important aspect 20

21 What is the job of social services? Do we need a concept like integration? We have Agency ( Handlungsfähigkeit ) New role of social work from Neoassimilationism 21

22 Integration efforts France Germany Finland Source: MIPEX 2007, 22

23 Anti-discrimination Definitions and concepts Fields of application Is discrimination on the ground of religion/ belief, ethnicity/race and nationality punished? In which areas of life does antidiscrimination law apply? Enforcement Are victims encouraged to bring forward a case? Equality policies What roles can equality bodies and the state play? 23

24 Analysis Germany 24

25 25

26 Feedback welcome! 26